Search results for "Image."

showing 10 items of 6790 documents

Artificial intelligence: the unstoppable revolution in ophthalmology.

2020

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an unstoppable force that is starting to permeate all aspects of our society as part of the revolution being brought into our lives (and into medicine) by the digital era, and accelerated by the current COVID-19 pandemic. As the population ages and developing countries move forward, AI-based systems may be a key asset in streamlining the screening, staging, and treatment planning of sight-threatening eye conditions, offloading the most tedious tasks from the experts, allowing for a greater population coverage, and bringing the best possible care to every patient. This paper presents a review of the state of the art of AI in the field of ophthalmology, focusin…

medicine.medical_specialtyCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Digital eraComputer sciencePopulationAsset (computer security)Field (computer science)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineArtificial IntelligenceOphthalmologymedicineHumanseducationPandemicseducation.field_of_studybusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2Infant NewbornCOVID-19GlaucomaImage enhancementOphthalmology030221 ophthalmology & optometryArtificial intelligenceApplications of artificial intelligencebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryStrengths and weaknessesSurvey of ophthalmology
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A fully automatic 2D segmentation method for uterine fibroid in MRgFUS treatment evaluation

2015

PurposeMagnetic Resonance guided Focused UltraSound (MRgFUS) represents a non-invasive surgical approach that uses thermal ablation to treat uterine fibroids. After the MRgFUS treatment, an operator must manually segment the treated fibroid areas to evaluate the NonPerfused Volume (NPV). This manual approach is operator-dependent, introducing issues of result reproducibility, which could lead to errors in the subsequent follow-up phase. Moreover, manual segmentation is time-consuming, and can have a negative impact on the optimization of both machine-time and operator-time. MethodTo address these issues, in this paper a novel fully automatic method based on the unsupervised Fuzzy C-Means cl…

medicine.medical_specialtyDatabases FactualUterine fibroidsComputer scienceAdaptive thresholdingImage ProcessingAdaptive thresholding; Automatic segmentation; Fuzzy C-Means clustering; MRgFUS treatment; Uterine fibroids; Female; Humans; Image Processing Computer-Assisted; Leiomyoma; Radiography; Algorithms; Databases Factual; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Ultrasonography InterventionalHealth InformaticsFuzzy logicDatabasesComputer-AssistedImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansSegmentationCluster analysisFactualUltrasonography InterventionalUltrasonographySettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniInterventionalLeiomyomaPixelbusiness.industryPattern recognitionmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingFuzzy C-Means clusteringComputer Science ApplicationsSurgeryRadiographyTreatment evaluationMRgFUS treatmentFully automaticFemaleManual segmentationArtificial intelligenceAutomatic segmentationAdaptive thresholding Automatic segmentation Fuzzy C-Means clustering MRgFUS treatment Uterine fibroidsbusinessAlgorithmsUterine fibroids
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HDR Imaging Pipeline for Spectral Filter Array Cameras

2017

Multispectral single shot imaging systems can benefit computer vision applications in needs of a compact and affordable imaging system. Spectral filter arrays technology meets the requirement, but can lead to artifacts due to inhomogeneous intensity levels between spectral channels due to filter manufacturing constraints, illumination and object properties. One solution to solve this problem is to use high dynamic range imaging techniques on these sensors. We define a spectral imaging pipeline that incorporates high dynamic range, demosaicing and color image visualization. Qualitative evaluation is based on real images captured with a prototype of spectral filter array sensor in the visible…

medicine.medical_specialtyDemosaicingColor imageComputer sciencebusiness.industryMultispectral imageComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION020206 networking & telecommunications02 engineering and technologyReal imageSpectral imagingHigh-dynamic-range imagingFilter (video)Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicine020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessHigh dynamic range
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Tackling the Problem of Data Imbalancing for Melanoma Classification

2016

Comunicació de congrés presentada a: 3rd International Conference on Bioimaging, BIOIMAGING 2016 - Part of 9th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies, BIOSTEC 2016, Roma, Italy Malignant melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer, yet melanoma is the most treatable kind of cancer when diagnosed at an early stage. In this regard, Computer-Aided Diagnosis systems based on machine learning have been developed to discern melanoma lesions from benign and dysplastic nevi in dermoscopic images. Similar to a large range of real world applications encountered in machine learning, melanoma classification faces the challenge of imbalanced data, where …

medicine.medical_specialtyFeature vectorMELANOMA02 engineering and technology[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingImbalanced dataCLASSIFICATION030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesDERMOSCOPY0302 clinical medicine0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineIMBALANCEDStage (cooking)Melanoma[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingbusiness.industryMelanomaCancermedicine.diseaseDermatologyData balancingFeature (computer vision)020201 artificial intelligence & image processingEnginyeria biomèdicaSkin cancerbusiness[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingBiomedical engineering
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Discrimination of early/intermediate and advanced/complicated coronary plaque types by radiofrequency intravascular ultrasound analysis

2002

Radiofrequency intravascular ultrasound (IVUS-RF) analysis, as an extension of conventional IVUS imaging, may provide more accurate plaque discrimination. Thirty-two autopsy atherosclerotic coronary arteries were investigated. Corresponding sectors in different plaques were matched by histologic and RF analysis. Histologic analysis utilized the American Heart Association plaque classification. The backscattered ultrasound RF signal was analyzed by fast-Fourier transform, providing the underlying frequency components of its power spectrum. The normalized backscattered signal power (in decibels [dB]) for frequencies between 15.3 and 40.3 MHz was then measured for plaque discrimination. Advanc…

medicine.medical_specialtyFourier Analysismedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryUltrasoundSpectral densityCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary VesselsSensitivity and SpecificitySignalCoronary arteriesmedicine.anatomical_structureCoronary plaqueIntravascular ultrasoundCadaverImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansRadio frequencyRadiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessUltrasonography InterventionalDecibelThe American Journal of Cardiology
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Studying hypertension in ocular fundus images using Hausdorff dispersion ordering.

2010

Retinal arterial and vein diameters are altered in individuals at risk of cardiovascular events mainly due to high blood pressure. The measurement of retinal vessel diameters has been proved to reflect individuals' vascular health. Dispersion of such measures which are obtained by means of ocular fundus images is a major factor not usually considered in clinical research. In this paper, a method to evaluate if different levels of clinically relevant covariables induce greater dispersion in retinal arterial and vein diameters is proposed. A multivariate dispersion ordering, the Hausdorff dispersion order, is used to compare the level of dispersion in such diameters for different groups of pa…

medicine.medical_specialtyFundus OculiGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyRetinaVascular healthchemistry.chemical_compoundOphthalmologymedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansStatistical dispersionVeinGeneral Environmental SciencePharmacologyGeneral Immunology and Microbiologybusiness.industryApplied MathematicsGeneral NeuroscienceRetinal VesselsRetinalGeneral MedicineRetinal vesselBlood pressuremedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryHomogeneousModeling and SimulationHypertensionbusinessMathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA
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Magnifying chromoendoscopy for the detection of premalignant gastrointestinal lesions

2006

The prognosis for patients with malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract is strictly dependent on the early detection of premalignant and malignant lesions. At present, endoscopy can be performed with new, powerful high-resolution or magnifying endoscopes. Comparable to the rapid development in chip technology, the optic features of the newly designed endoscopes offer resolutions that allow new mucosal surface details to be seen. In conjunction with chromoendoscopy, the newly discovered tool of video endoscopy is much easier to use and more impressive than previously used fibreoptic endoscopy. This review summarises the value of magnifying endoscopy in the upper and lower gastrointestinal…

medicine.medical_specialtyGastrointestinal tractStaining and Labelingmedicine.diagnostic_testColorectal cancerbusiness.industryMagnifying endoscopyGastroenterologyImage Enhancementmedicine.diseaseMagnifying chromoendoscopyUlcerative colitisGastroenterologyEndoscopy GastrointestinalEndoscopyEarly Gastric CancerChromoendoscopyChromogenic CompoundsInternal medicinemedicineHumansbusinessPrecancerous ConditionsGastrointestinal NeoplasmsBest Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology
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A novel, fully digital approach to quantifying volume gain after soft tissue graft surgery. A pilot study

2020

Objective Measuring soft tissue thickness after mucogingival surgery has traditionally been performed by means of a calibrated transgingival probe. The main aim of this study was to apply a non-invasive technique based on digital images formatted as Standard Tessellation Language (STL) files to quantify soft tissue volume after connective tissue grafting. Clinical innovation report Ten patients who presented Cairo Class I gingival recession were selected for connective tissue grafting using the tunnel technique. In all patients, the initial position of the gingiva and quantity of keratinized tissue were recorded, and gingival recession was scanned with an intra-oral scanner. Six months afte…

medicine.medical_specialtyGingivaConnective tissuePilot ProjectsSurgical Flaps03 medical and health sciencesDigital image0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansGingival Recession030212 general & internal medicineTooth RootGingival recessionbusiness.industrySoft tissueMucogingival surgery030206 dentistrySoft tissue graftTissue GraftSurgeryTreatment Outcomemedicine.anatomical_structureConnective TissuePeriodonticsmedicine.symptombusinessFollow-Up StudiesVolume (compression)Journal of Clinical Periodontology
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Thyroid ectopia of the liver: An unusual diagnosis with contrast-enhanced EUS (with video)

2019

No abstract available

medicine.medical_specialtyHepatologybusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectThyroidGastroenterologyMEDLINE.Text miningmedicine.anatomical_structuremedicineContrast (vision)Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiologybusinessmedia_commonImages and Videos
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Systematic review of the diagnosis of gastric premalignant conditions and neoplasia with high-resolution endoscopic technologies

2013

Aim. The aim of the article is to systematically review the current evidence on the diagnostic use of narrow band imaging (NBI), flexible spectral imaging color enhancement (FICE) and endoscopic image enhancement technology i-scan endoscopies for gastric precancerous and cancerous lesions. Materials and methods. Original manuscripts were searched in PubMed until October 2012. Pertinent data were collected and pooled diagnostic accuracy measures were estimated when possible. Results. In total, 38 studies were evaluated. Thirty-one studies were included for NBI and 7 studies for FICE assessment in this systematic review. No article was found meeting inclusion criteria for i-scan endoscopy. Th…

medicine.medical_specialtyHigh resolutionAdenocarcinomaSensitivity and SpecificityGastroenterologyNarrow Band ImagingStomach NeoplasmsInternal medicineGastroscopymedicineHumansObserver VariationModels StatisticalNarrow-band imagingmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGastroenterologyReproducibility of ResultsIntestinal metaplasiaImage Enhancementmedicine.diseaseEndoscopyGastric MucosaDysplasiaColor enhancementDiagnostic odds ratioRadiologybusinessPrecancerous ConditionsEndoscopic imageScandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology
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