Search results for "Immune system"
showing 10 items of 2885 documents
Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy
2020
© 2020 by the authors.
Abstract CT032: A first-in-human phase I/II clinical trial assessing novel mRNA-lipoplex nanoparticles for potent cancer immunotherapy in patients wi…
2016
Abstract Immunotherapeutic approaches have evolved as promising and valid alternatives to available conventional cancer treatments. Amongst others, vaccination with tumor antigen-encoding RNAs by local administration is currently successfully employed in various clinical trials. To allow for a more efficient targeting of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and to overcome potential technical challenges associated with local administration, we have developed a novel RNA immunotherapeutic for systemic application based on a fixed set of four liposome complexed RNA drug products (RNA(LIP)), each encoding one shared melanoma-associated antigen. The novel RNA(LIP) formulation was engineered (i) to p…
Transcriptional Profiles and Stromal Changes Reveal Bone Marrow Adaptation to Early Breast Cancer in Association with Deregulated Circulating microRN…
2020
Abstract The presence of a growing tumor establishes a chronic state of inflammation that acts locally and systemically. Bone marrow responds to stress signals by expanding myeloid cells endowed with immunosuppressive functions, further fostering tumor growth and dissemination. How early in transformation the cross-talk with the bone marrow begins and becomes detectable in blood is unknown. Here, gene expression profiling of the bone marrow along disease progression in a spontaneous model of mammary carcinogenesis demonstrates that transcriptional modifications in the hematopoietic compartment occurred as early as preinvasive disease stages. The transcriptional profile showed downregulation…
Using the r package spatstat to assess inhibitory effects of microregional hypoxia on the infiltration of cancers of the head and neck region by cyto…
2021
Simple Summary Progress in the field of in situ proteomics allows for the simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers within one cancer tissue specimen. As a result, biological hypotheses previously only assessable ex vivo can now be studied in human cancer tissue. However, methods for objective analysis have so far been lacking behind. In this study, we established a free, objective, and entirely open-source-based method for the analysis of multiplexed immunofluorescence specimens. This will gain further importance with the availability of more advanced multiplexing methods in the future. Abstract (1) Background: The immune system has physiological antitumor activity, which is partially …
Thymic Hyperplasia with Lymphoepithelial Sialadenitis (LESA)-Like Features: Strong Association with Lymphomas and Non-Myasthenic Autoimmune Diseases.
2021
Thymic hyperplasia (TH) with lymphoepithelial sialadenitis (LESA)-like features (LESA-like TH) has been described as a tumor-like, benign proliferation of thymic epithelial cells and lymphoid follicles. We aimed to determine the frequency of lymphoma and autoimmunity in LESA-like TH and performed retrospective analysis of cases with LESA-like TH and/or thymic MALT-lymphoma. Among 36 patients (21 males) with LESA-like TH (age 52 years, 32&ndash
2021
Background Malignant melanoma is an immunogenic skin cancer with an increasing global incidence. Advanced stages of melanoma have poor prognoses. Currently, there are no reliable parameters to predict a patient's response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Methods This study highlights the relevance of a distinct immune signature in the blood for response to ICI therapy and overall survival (OS). Therefore, the immune cell composition in the peripheral blood of 45 melanoma patients prior to ICI therapy was analyzed by flow cytometry and complete blood count. Results Responders to ICI therapy displayed an abundance of proliferating CD4+ T cells, an increased lymphocyte-to-monocyte…
2017
AbstractPP2C serine–threonine phosphatase, Wip1, is an important regulator of stress response. Wip1 controls a number of critical cellular functions: proliferation, cell cycle arrest, senescence and programmed cell death, apoptosis or autophagy. Ppm1d, the gene encoding Wip1 phosphatase, is expressed in hematopoietic progenitors, stem cells, neutrophils, macrophages B and T lymphocytes in bone marrow and peripheral blood. The Wip1−/− mice display immunodeficiency, abnormal lymphoid histopathology in thymus and spleen, defects in B- and T-cell differentiation, as well as susceptibility to viral infection. At the same time, Wip1 knockout mice exhibit pro-inflammatory phenotype in skin and int…
2018
Abstract TNFα is a prominent proinflammatory cytokine and a critical mediator for the development of many types of cancer such as breast, colon, prostate, cervical, skin, liver, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Binding of TNFα to TNFR1 can lead to divergent signaling pathways promoting predominantly NF-κB activation but also cell death. We report here that the nitric oxide (NO) donor glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) converts TNFα, generated from immune cells or cancer cells stimulated by chemotherapy, into a prodeath mediator in colon and mammary cancer cells. GTN-mediated S-nitrosylation of cIAP1 on cysteines 571 and 574 inhibited its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which in turn reduced Lys63-lin…
Epigenetic biomarkers for human sepsis and septic shock: insights from immunosuppression
2020
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body responds to an infection damaging its own tissues. Sepsis survivors sometimes suffer from immunosuppression increasing the risk of death. To our best knowledge, there is no ‘gold standard’ for defining immunosuppression except for a composite clinical end point. As the immune system is exposed to epigenetic changes during and after sepsis, research that focuses on identifying new biomarkers to detect septic patients with immunoparalysis could offer new epigenetic-based strategies to predict short- and long-term pathological events related to this life-threatening state. This review describes the most relevant epigenetic mecha…
Spanish Cell Therapy Network (TerCel): 15 years of successful collaborative translational research
2019
On behalf of TerCel