Search results for "Immunization"
showing 10 items of 313 documents
Validation of the French national health insurance information system as a tool in vaccine safety assessment: Application to febrile convulsions afte…
2013
In the French national health insurance information system (SNIIR-AM), routine records of health claimed reimbursements are linked to hospital admissions for the whole French population. The main focus of this work is the usability of this system for vaccine safety assessment programme. Self-controlled case series analyses were performed using an exhaustive SNIIR-AM extraction of French children aged less than 3 years, to investigate the relationship between MMR immunization and children hospitalizations for febrile convulsions, a well-documented rare adverse event, over 2009-2010. The results suggest a significant increase of febrile convulsions during the 6-11 days period following any MM…
Distribution and phenotype of rotavirus-specific B cells induced during the antigen-driven primary response to 2/6 virus-like particles administered …
2007
AbstractSelection of mucosal sites is an important step in mucosal vaccine development. The intrarectal (IR) route represents an alternative to the oral route of immunization; nevertheless, immune responses induced by this route are not well defined. Here, we studied the early primary B cell response (induction, homing, and phenotype) induced by IR immunization with rotavirus (RV)-2/6 virus-like particles (VLP). Using flow cytometry, we traced RV-specific B cells in different lymphoid tissues and analyzed the expression of α4β7 and CCR9, which are important receptors for homing to the gut, as well as CD5, a marker expressed by B1-a cells, which are a major source of natural antibodies. We o…
B subunits of cholera toxin and thermolabile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli have similar adjuvant effect as whole molecules on rotavirus 2/6-VLP spe…
2015
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adjuvant effect of the B subunits of cholera toxin (CT) and the thermolabile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli (LT) by the intrarectal route of immunization and compare them to the whole molecules CT and LT-R192G, a non toxic mutant of LT, using 2/6-VLP as an antigen, in mice. All molecules induced similar antigen specific antibody titers in serum and feces, whereas different T cell profiles were observed. CTB and LTB, conversely to CT and LT-R192G, did not induce detectable production of IL-2 by antigen specific T cells. Moreover, CTB, conversely to LT-R192G, CT and LTB, did not induce antigen specific CD4+CD25+Foxp3- and Foxp3+ T cells, thus sho…
Monitoring the rate of hospitalization before rotavirus immunization in Italy utilizing ICD9-CM regional databases
2009
BACKGROUND: Recently, two Rotavirus (RV) vaccines were licensed in Italy, rendering RV illness a vaccine preventable disease. To assess the RV hospitalization rate in Italy, a study focused on the Regional hospital discharge forms (HDD) databases was carried out. RESULTS: Regional HDD databases from Piemonte, Veneto, Friuli-Venezia-Giulia and Marche were analyzed. A total of 434,335 hospitalizations were counted in the study timeframe and 13,234 VE diagnoses (3% of hospitalizations) were collected. A total of 8546 RVE cases (2% of hospitalizations, 64% of all VE) were observed, of which 1.2% were primary diagnoses (PD) and 0.8% secondary diagnosis (SD). The RVE hospitalization peak (4.9%) w…
Oral immunization with HCV-NS3-transformed Salmonella: induction of HCV-specific CTL in a transgenic mouse model.
2001
Abstract Background & Aims: The ability to induce cytotoxic T cells is considered an important feature of a candidate hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine. We used an oral immunization strategy with attenuated HCV-NS3–transformed Salmonella typhimurium to deliver DNA directly to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Methods: HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice were immunized once with transformed attenuated Salmonella . HCV-specific CD8 + T cells were analyzed in vitro as well as in vivo by challenge of mice with recombinant HCV-NS3 vaccinia virus. Results: Salmonella (10 8 colony-forming units; 20 μg plasmid DNA) induced cytotoxic and IFN-γ–producing CD8 + T cells specific for the immunodominant epitope NS3…
Immune response to the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine after the 7-valent conjugate vaccine in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipien…
2009
The current recommendations for active immunization after stem cell transplant (SCT) include 3 doses of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) from 3 months after transplant, followed by a 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PPV23). However, until now, the immune response to PPV23 after PCV7 has not been assessed after SCT. In the EBMT IDWP01 trial, 101 patients received 1 dose of PPV23 at 12 or 18 months, both after 3 doses of PCV7. The efficacy of PPV23 was assessed 1 month later and at 24 months after transplant by the pneumococcal serotype 1 and 5 antibody levels. Serotype 1 and 5 are not included in PCV7. Although the geometric mean concentrations were significantly …
Safety, tolerability, and immunologic noninferiority of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine compared to a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vacc…
2010
13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was compared to PCV7 in infants administered 4 doses. For the 7 common serotypes, PCV13- and PCV7-elicited responses showed comparable percent responders achieving 0.35mug/mL IgG threshold (exception 6B, 77.5% versus 87.1%, respectively) and OPA titers of 1:8; IgGs were lower than PCV7 but functional responses were generally comparable. For the 6 additional serotypes, PCV13-elicited IgG and functional OPA responses were notably greater than PCV7. The toddler dose boosted immune responses. Vaccines were comparable with regard to safety. PCV13 should be as effective as PCV7 in preventing pneumococcal disease caused by the common serotypes and m…
Effectiveness of different vaccine formulations against vibriosis caused by Vibrio vulnificus serovar E (biotype 2) in European eels Anguilla anguilla
2001
Vibriosis due to Vibrio vulnificus serovar E (biotype 2) is one of the main causes of mortality in European eels cultured in Europe. The main objective of this study was to develop a vaccine and a vaccination procedure against this pathogen. With this aim, we tested several vaccine formulations (inactivated whole-cells with and without toxoids‹inactivated extracellular products‹from capsulated and uncapsulated strains, attenuated live vaccines and purified lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) on eels maintained under controlled laboratory conditions using different delivery routes (injection and immersion). To study the immune response we estimated antibody titers and bactericidal/bacteriostatic activ…
Comunicazione, mediazione, immunizzazione: Arrival di Villeneuve
2021
Dennis Villeneuve’s Arrival (2016) has a key topic the encounter with the other and the mediations mandatory for this very encounter could be the occasion for a radical transformation of the subject, instead of a moment of immunitary closeness. By analysing the complex theoretical and formal structure put in place by the movie, this paper resorts to three keywords in the recent history of critical visual theory – that is, medium, communication, munus (e.g., gift in latin) – to show the exemplary nature of cinematic narrative in the understanding of contemporary biopolitical processes.
Altered intracellular sorting signals do not influence the efficacy of genetic melanoma vaccines incorporating helper determinants in mice.
2004
Background A genetic melanoma vaccine consisting of cDNA encoding the model self-antigen tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2) fused in-frame to the immunogenic enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was able to break immune tolerance and stimulate CD8+ T cells in vivo. In the present study we investigated whether alteration of the intracellular antigen localization as a result of the linkage with immune-enhancing helper proteins affects the resulting immune response. Methods Expression plasmids and recombinant adenoviruses were constructed encoding various fusion proteins with different intracellular sorting signals which direct the antigen to the cytosol, the endoplasmic reticulum or the…