Search results for "Immunodepression"

showing 4 items of 4 documents

Variation and covariation in infectivity, virulence and immunodepression in the host-parasite association Gammarus pulex-Pomphorhynchus laevis.

2009

Parasites often manipulate host immunity for their own benefit, either by exacerbating or suppressing the immune response and this may directly affect the expression of parasite virulence. However, genetic variation in immunodepression, which is a prerequisite to its evolution, and the relationship between immunodepression and virulence, have rarely been studied. Here, we investigated the variation among sibships of the acanthocephalan parasite, Pomphorhynchus laevis , in infecting and in immunodepressing its amphipod host, Gammarus pulex . We also assessed the covariation between infectivity, parasite-induced immune depression and host mortality (parasite virulence). We found that infecti…

0106 biological sciencesVirulencephenoloxidaseparasite-induced immunodepression[ SDV.IMM.IA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMicrobiologyAcanthocephalaHost-Parasite Interactions03 medical and health sciencesImmune systemRiversImmunityResearch articlesImmune Tolerance[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisParasite hostingAnimalsAmphipoda030304 developmental biologyGeneral Environmental ScienceInfectivity0303 health sciences[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologybiologycovariationHost (biology)Monophenol MonooxygenaseGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationSurvival Analysis3. Good healthacanthocephalanvirulenceGammarus pulex[SDV.IMM.IA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunologyImmunologyimmune defencesPomphorhynchus laevisFrance[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis
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Parasite virulence when the infection reduces the host immune response.

2010

Parasite infections often induce a reduction in host immune response either because of a direct manipulation of the immune system by the parasite or because of energy depletion. Although infection-induced immunodepression can favour the establishment of the parasite within the host, a too severe immunodepression may increase the risk of infection with opportunistic pathogens, stopping the period over which the parasite can be transmitted to other hosts. Here, we explore how the risk of contracting opportunistic diseases affects the survival of the amphipod Gammarus pulex infected by the acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis . Previous work with this system has shown that upon infection, G.…

Male[ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologyVirulence[ SDV.IMM.IA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAcanthocephalaHost-Parasite InteractionsPomphorhynchus laevisImmune systemopportunistic pathogensResearch articlesdisease ecology[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisParasite hostingAnimalsAmphipodaGeneral Environmental Science[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologybiologyHost (biology)Risk of infectionGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationvirulenceGammarus pulexPulexImmunologyPomphorhynchus laevisGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesWater Microbiologyimmunodepression
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Density-dependent effects on parasite growth and parasite-induced host immunodepression in the larval helminth Pomphorhynchus laevis.

2011

SUMMARYLarval helminths exploit the physiology of their intermediate hosts: first, as a resource for energy and space and second by altering the immune system activity to ensure their survival. Whereas the growth pattern under parasite competition has been investigated, the effect of multiple infections on the level of parasite-induced immunodepression in a trophically transmitted helminth has been neglected. In this study, amphipodsGammarus pulexwere infected in the laboratory by the acanthocephalanPomphorhynchus laevisto investigate how parasite density in the intermediate host affected (i) cystacanth growth and (ii) the level of parasite-induced alterations of the host immune defences, t…

Male[ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitologymedia_common.quotation_subjectZoologyphenoloxidaseCompetition (biology)030308 mycology & parasitologyAcanthocephalaHost-Parasite Interactionsparasite intensity03 medical and health sciencesImmunocompromised HostImmune systemImmune Tolerance[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisHelminthsParasite hostingAnimalsAmphipoda[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitologylarval helminth growthParasite Egg Count030304 developmental biologymedia_common0303 health sciences[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologybiologyHost (biology)Intermediate hostbiology.organism_classificationacanthocephalanGammarus pulexInfectious DiseasesLarvaImmunologyAnimal Science and ZoologyParasitologyPomphorhynchus laevisFemale[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecologycompetitionexploitationimmunodepression[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis
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Des lésions cutanées diffuses

2015

International audience

medicine.medical_specialty[ SDV.MHEP.GEG ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontologyNorwegian scabies030207 dermatology & venereal diseases03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineElderlyInternal MedicinemedicinePersonne âgéeImmunodepressionComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS0303 health sciencesmedicine.diagnostic_test030306 microbiologybusiness.industry[SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontologyGastroenterologymedicine.diseaseDermatologyGale norvégienneNorwegian scabiesPositron emission tomographySarcoidosisbusinessPanniculitis[ SDV.MHEP.DERM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Dermatology[SDV.MHEP.DERM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Dermatology
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