Search results for "Imperfect"

showing 10 items of 158 documents

Incentive Schemes, Private Information and the Double-Edged Role of Competition for Agents

2013

This paper examines the effect of imperfect labor market competition on the efficiency of compensation schemes in a setting with moral hazard and risk-averse agents, who have private information on their productivity. Two vertically differentiated firms compete for agents by offering contracts with fixed and variable payments. The superior firm employs both agent types in equilibrium, but the competitive pressure exerted by the inferior firm has a strong impact on contract design: For high degrees of vertical differentiation, i.e. low competition, low-ability agents are under-incentivized and exert too little effort. For high degrees of competition, high-ability agents are over-incentivized…

MicroeconomicsCompetition (economics)IncentiveBreak-even (economics)Moral hazardRisk aversionEconomicsImperfectProductivityPrivate information retrievalIndustrial organizationSSRN Electronic Journal
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How to control stock markets

1994

This paper provides a different approach to the analysis of imperfect stock markets. The model we are concerned with is described by the interaction of three institutional classes of agents (the specialist trader, the professional trader and the non-professional trader), sharing different information. The dynamical discrete-time system obtained can be changed into a second-order linear difference equation forced by the fundamental value of the specialist trader. Using typical tools of control theory, we study the behaviour of the professional trader’s fundamental value influenced by the specialist’s one. © 1994 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

MicroeconomicsControl theory dynamic systems difference equationsControl and Systems EngineeringStock exchangeFinancial marketBusinessImperfectMathematical economicsStock (geology)Computer Science ApplicationsTheoretical Computer Science
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The optimal degree of commitment in a negotiation with a deadline

2004

This note explores the consequences of a player's freedom of choice over his degree of commitment for the bargaining outcome. In particular, we modify the nonstationary structure of Fershtman and Seidmann (1993)'s bargaining by allowing one player to possess imperfect commitments where the degree of commitment is chosen prior to the negotiation stage. We show that a player optimally chooses an intermediate degree of irrevocability provided the costs of increasing the degree of commitment are small enough. In this case, not only an immediate agreement is reached but also the commitment is effective.

MicroeconomicsEconomics and EconometricsNegotiationLabour economicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectFreedom of choiceEconomicsImperfectOutcome (game theory)Degree (music)media_commonPublic financeEconomic Theory
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Welfare, Home Market Effects, and Horizontal Foreign Direct Investment

2005

We investigate the spatial distribution and organization of an imperfectly competitive industry when firms may choose to operate more than a single production unit. Focusing on a short-run setting with a fixed mass of firms, we fully characterize the spatial equilibria analytically. Comparing the equilibrium and the first-best, we show that both organizational and spatial inefficiencies may arise. In particular, when fixed costs are low enough the market outcome may well lead to overinvestment and, therefore, to too many multinationals operating from a social point of view. Furthermore, once multinationals are taken into account, the market outcome may well lead too little agglomeration.

MicroeconomicsLead (geology)Economies of agglomerationmedia_common.quotation_subjectEconomicsForeign direct investmentDiscount pointsFixed costImperfect competitionWelfareOutcome (game theory)media_commonSSRN Electronic Journal
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Optimal Imperfect Commitments in a Negotiation with a Deadline

2001

One major finding of the bargaining literature is that the more irrevocable a commitment is, the better for the committed player. One notable exception is Fershtman and Seidmann (1993) bilateral negotiation where the commitment not only does not improve the committed player's payoff but also it results in inefficient delays. In this paper we relax two assumptions of the bargaining literature related to the uncertainty and irrevocability of commitments. We allow players not only to possess imperfect commitments but also to choose the degree of imperfection of their commitment. When these assumptions are incorporated in Fershtman and Seidmann (1993)'s model, we obtain that, on the one hand, t…

MicroeconomicsNegotiationCommercemedia_common.quotation_subjectStochastic gameEconomicsImperfectDegree (music)media_commonSSRN Electronic Journal
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Osteogenesis imperfecta type III : oral, craniofacial characteristics and atypical radiographic findings oral

2021

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a disease characterized by decreased bone mineral density, causing susceptibility to bone fractures by mild trauma and bone deformities. The aim of this study was to describe an osteogenesis imperfecta type III clinical case, its craniofacial and oral changes as well as its atypical radiographic findings. An eighteen-year-old, male patient diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta type III was referred for dental evaluation; the clinical examination showed the craniofacial and oral changes of the disease such as triangular face, class III malocclusion, anterior open bite and posterior crossbite, dentinogenesis imperfecta presenting amber discoloration. The radio…

Molarmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryDentinogenesis imperfectaRadiographyTriangular faceDentistryPhysical examinationCase Reportmedicine.diseaseOsteogenesis Imperfecta Type IIIstomatognathic diseasesstomatognathic systemOsteogenesis imperfectaMedicineOdontostomatology for the Disabled or Special PatientsCraniofacialbusinessGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS
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The Relationship of Amelogenesis Imperfecta and Nephrocalcinosis Syndrome

2008

Aim: To analyze the prevalence and associated oral findings of nephrocalcinosis in a group of patients affected with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). The relationship between types of AI and nephrocalcinosis were also evaluated. Design: This study examines patients who were referred to Pediatric Dentistry Department of SDU between the years of 2002-2007 and who, upon clinical and radiological examination, were diagnosed with AI and treated. Patients were offered information about the possibility of nephrocalcinosis syndrome. Patients who agreed to have tests carried out on their renal system were advised to visit the department of nephrology at the clinic. Results: Suspicious radiopacity was o…

Nephrologymedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsAdolescentAmelogenesis ImperfectaCalcinosisInternal medicinePrevalenceHumansMedicineAmelogenesis imperfectaChildGeneral Dentistrybusiness.industrySyndromeHyperplasiaPulp stonemedicine.diseaseDelayed eruption:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]SurgeryNephrocalcinosisRenal FindingsOtorhinolaryngologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgeryNephrocalcinosisbusiness
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Pain Phenotypes in Rare Musculoskeletal and Neuromuscular Diseases

2020

For patients diagnosed with a rare musculoskeletal or neuromuscular disease, pain may transition from acute to chronic; the latter yielding additional challenges for both patients and care providers. We assessed the present understanding of pain across a set of ten rare, noninfectious, noncancerous disorders; Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Achondroplasia, Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva, Fibrous Dysplasia/McCune-Albright Syndrome, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Infantile- and Late-Onset Pompe disease, Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Through the integration of natural history, cross-sectional, retrospective…

Neuromuscular diseaseCognitive NeuroscienceDuchenne muscular dystrophyPainDiseaseBioinformaticsArticle03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050102 behavioral science & comparative psychologyAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryFibrous dysplasia05 social sciencesNeuromuscular Diseasesmedicine.diseaseCross-Sectional StudiesPhenotypeNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyComplex regional pain syndromeOsteogenesis imperfectaFibrodysplasia ossificans progressivabusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
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The Hu-Washizu variational principle for the identification of imperfections in beams

2008

This paper presents a procedure for the identification of imperfections of structural parameters based on displacement measurements by static tests. The proposed procedure is based on the well-known Hu–Washizu variational principle, suitably modified to account for the response measurements, which is able to provide closed-form solutions to some inverse problems for the identification of structural parameter imperfections in beams. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Numerical AnalysisMathematical optimizationEstimation theoryApplied MathematicsGeneral EngineeringSystem identificationInverse problemDisplacement (vector)static testsconcentrated damageIdentification (information)Exact solutions in general relativityVariational principleApplied mathematicsimperfectionsCalculus of variationsSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniHu-Washizu variational principlestructural parameter identificationMathematicsInternational Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering
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Digestion of DNA regions to discriminate ochratoxigenic and non-ochratoxigenic strains in the Aspergillus niger aggregate

2005

Abstract Aspergillus strains belonging to the Aspergillus niger aggregate, either isolated from Italian grapes or received from public collections, were analysed in order to discriminate between the ochratoxin A (OTA) producing and the non-producing strains by means of the analysis of Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS), Intergenic Spacers (IGS) and of a β-tubulin gene portion. A. niger and Aspergillus awamori were identified observing the macro- and microscopic features of the colonies and the strains ochratoxigenicity was evaluated through Thin Layer Chromatography and/or High Performance Liquid Chromatography. PCR amplification of ITS, IGS and β-tubulin gene portion produced 600, 440 and …

Ochratoxin AFood ContaminationMicrobiologyMicrobiologychemistry.chemical_compoundIntergenic regionTubulinVitisDNA FungalOchratoxinChromatography High Pressure LiquidAspergillus awamoriAspergillusIntergenic spacerbiologyAspergillus nigerGene AmplificationSettore AGR/12 - Patologia VegetaleOchratoxin AGeneral MedicineFungi imperfectiAmpliconbiology.organism_classificationOchratoxinsMolecular WeightInternal transcribed spacerchemistryAspergillus awamoriFood Microbiologyβ-tubulinDNA IntergenicAspergillus nigerChromatography Thin LayerFood ScienceInternational Journal of Food Microbiology
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