Search results for "Imperfect"
showing 10 items of 158 documents
R&D, Competition and Growth with Human Capital Accumulation Revisited
2012
In this paper, we have presented a generalization of Bucci's (2003) model in which have disentangled the monopolistic mark-up in the intermediate goods sector, the intermediate goods share in the final output and the returns to specialization in order to have a better measurement of competition. Indeed, unlike Bucci (2003), in our model, the measure of competition is completely independent of the intermediate goods share in the final output and the returns to specialization. Our main finding is that, unlike Bucci (2003), we show that the competition does not play any role in growth. This result is explained by the complementarity of innovation and human capital assumed in the research produ…
Methomyl analogues with increased biological activity towards F7T maize mitochondria
1987
Abstract Methomyl analogues were synthesized by substituting alkyl moieties (C 2 -C 21 ) in the place of the carbamic methyl. They were assayed on mitochondria isolated from male sterile (F 7 T) and male fertile (F 7 N) maize. They had no action on F 7 N mitochondria. The heptadecyl (C 17 ) and heneicosanyl (C 21 ) derivatives had no conspicuous effect on F 7 T mitochondria. By contrast, the ethyl, propyl, butyl, nonyl, tridecyl (C 13 ) and pentadecyl (C 15 ) derivatives had the same type of activity as Methomyl on F 7 T mitochondria, namely stimulation of NADH oxidation and inhibition of malate oxidation. Moreover, the concentration at which they were maximally effective decreased from 10 …
Classifying Economics for the Common Good: Connecting Sustainable Development Goals to JEL Codes
2020
How does economics research help in solving societal challenges? This brief note sheds additional light on this question by providing ways to connect Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations. These simple linkages illustrate that the themes of SDGs have corresponding JEL classification codes. As the mappings presented here are necessarily imperfect and incomplete, there is plenty of room for improvements. In an ideal world, there would be a JEL classification system for SDGs, a separate JEL code for each of the 17 SDGs.
Hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta with multiple impacted teeth - report of two cases
2010
Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI) represents a group of developmental conditions, genomic in origin, which affect the structure and clinical appearance of enamel of all or nearly all the teeth in a more or less equal manner. It is usually inherited either as an X-linked, autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive trait. The enamel may be hypoplastic, hypomineralised or both and affected teeth may be discolored, sensitive or prone to disintegration. Diagnosis is based on the family history, pedigree plotting and meticulous clinical observation. The treatment of patients with AI should start with early diagnosis and intervention to prevent latter restorative problems. Herein, we present two case re…
Strategic interactions on differentiated markets and public policies
2017
In economy, the competition analysis among firms have a significance importance because of the complexity of some elements. This thesis examines the strategic interactions on differentiated markets in general equilibrium while proposing the public policies to reduce the distortions due to the imperfect behaviors. This thesis takes into account the differentiation of products in order to obtain the new conclusions and/or to extend those existing. We thus pursues two objectives. Fisrt, the construction of a model of imperfect competition on differentiated markets in a general equilibrium framework. Second, the evaluation of the consequences of the model in terms of economic policies. At begin…
Profiles and seasonal distribution of airborne fungi in indoor and outdoor environments at a French hospital
2009
International audience; A one-year prospective survey of fungal air contamination was conducted in outdoor air and inside two haematological units of a French hospital. Air was sampled with a portable Air System Impactor. During this period of survey, the mean viable fungal load was 122.1 cfu/m(3) in outdoor air samples, and 4.1 and 3.9 cfu/m(3) in samples from adult and pediatric haematology units, respectively. In outdoor samples, Cladosporium was the dominant genus (55%) while in the clinical units, Penicillium sp. (23 to 25%), Aspergillus sp. (15 to 23%) and Bjerkandera adusta (11 to 13%) were the most frequently recovered airborne fungi. The outdoor fungal load was far higher in autumn…
Preparation of fungal conidia impacts their susceptibility to inactivation by ethanol vapours.
2009
Abstract A common protocol employed for the preparation of conidia employs flooding a fungal colony grown on semi-solid media under optimum conditions with an aqueous solution. In contrast, conidia produced in a natural environment are usually not hydrated when disseminated in air and can be produced under water stress. In order to simulate the latter conditions, cultures were grown at different water activities and conidia were dry-harvested on the lid by turning the dishes upside-down then gently tapping the bottom of the box. This study aimed at assessing the effect of the preparation of fungal conidia on their inactivation by ethanol vapours. Firstly ethanol vapours (either 0.30 or 0.45…
Spatial fragmentation of, and US support for, the main multilateral institutions of the western order
2017
The growth of China-led minilateral initiatives mostly of a regional character has challenged the main multilateral institutions of the Western order and, ultimately, US authority. Faced with a progressive delegitimation of the institutional architecture that it promoted after World War II, the US, under the Obama administration, has acted to defend the existing main multilateral institutions of the order (UN, IMF, WB and WTO), attributing them with a strategic role. More than being radical, though, the reforms enacted have been incremental and pragmatic, but always imperfect. More importantly, they have not altered US influence, which is exercised mostly through informal means. This, howev…
Comparative analysis of PR gene expression in tomato inoculated with virulent Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and the biocontrol strain F. oxys…
2008
Non-pathogenic strains of Fusarium oxysporum have the capacity to protect plants against wilt induced by pathogenic strains of F. oxysporum. Among the mechanisms involved in this protection, induced systemic resistance has been demonstrated by using a split-root method. The aim of this study was to follow the accumulation kinetics of transcripts encoding 5 PR proteins in roots and leaves of tomato inoculated with a pathogenic or a protective strain in comparison to non-inoculated control. Moreover quantification of transcripts was assessed by real-time RT-PCR in cell cultures inoculated with the pathogenic or the protective strain. Results showed a lower expression of PR encoding genes in t…
A method for taxonomic determination ofCandida albicans with DNA probes
1993
Determination of Candida species represents an important problem derived from the clinical implications of the species belonging to this genus. DNA probes have already been used for the epidemiology of Candida albicans, as well as for taxonomic analysis of Candida and other genera, although these probes are based on non-species-specific DNA sequences. In this work we carried out a 48-h assay, allowing the identification of C. albicans from clinical isolates, using DNA probes based on C. albicans LEU2 and URA3 genes. Another probe related to C. albicans SEC18 gene was shown not to be C. albicans specific.