Search results for "InVEST"
showing 10 items of 2596 documents
Residential Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution during Pregnancy and Anthropometric Measures at Birth in a Multicenter Cohort in Spain
2011
Background: A growing body of research suggests that prenatal exposure to air pollution may be harmful to fetal development. We assessed the association between exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and anthropometric measures at birth in four areas within the Spanish Children’s Health and Environment (INMA) mother and child cohort study. Methods: Exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and benzene was estimated for the residence of each woman (n = 2,337) for each trimester and for the entire pregnancy. Outcomes included birth weight, length, and head circumference. The association between residential outdoor air pollution exposure and birth outcomes was assessed with linear regress…
Low physical activity and its association with diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors: a nationwide, population-based study
2016
Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM; ISCIII Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion); Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo; Spanish Diabetes Society (SED)
Cancer prevention with aspirin in hereditary colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome), 10-year follow-up and registry-based 20-year data in the CAPP2 study…
2020
BACKGROUND: Lynch syndrome is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer and with a broader spectrum of cancers, especially endometrial cancer. In 2011, our group reported long-term cancer outcomes (mean follow-up 55·7 months [SD 31·4]) for participants with Lynch syndrome enrolled into a randomised trial of daily aspirin versus placebo. This report completes the planned 10-year follow-up to allow a longer-term assessment of the effect of taking regular aspirin in this high-risk population.METHODS: In the double-blind, randomised CAPP2 trial, 861 patients from 43 international centres worldwide (707 [82%] from Europe, 112 [13%] from Australasia, 38 [4%] from Africa, and four [&l…
Rainfall and water yield in Macizo del Caroig, Eastern Iberian Peninsula. Event runoff at plot scale during a rare flash flood at the Barranco de Ben…
2021
[EN] Floods are a consequence of extreme rainfall events. Although surface runoff generation is the origin of discharge, flood research usually focuses on lowlands where the impact is higher. Runoff and sediment delivery at slope and pedon scale receiving much less attention in the effort to understand flood behaviour in time and space. This is especially relevant in areas where, due to climatic and hydrogeological conditions, streams are ephemeral, so-called dry rivers (¿wadis¿, "ramblas" or ¿barrancos¿) that are widespread throughout the Mediterranean. This paper researches the relationship between water delivery at pedon and slope scale with dry river floods in Macizo del Caroig, Eastern…
Structural properties of the range-II- and range-III order in amorphous-SiO2 probed by electron paramagnetic resonance and Raman spectroscopy
2010
In the present work we report an experimental investigation by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy on the hyperfine structure of the E. point defect, probing the local arrangement of the network (range-II order), and by Raman spectroscopy on the D 1 and D 2 lines, probing mean features of the network (range-III order). Our studies, performed on a-SiO 2 samples thermally treated at 1000 °C in air for different time durations, show that changes of the hyperfine structure and of the D 1 and D 2 lines occur in a correlated way. These results give strong evidence that the range-II and range-III order properties are intimately related to each other and that these properties are determine…
ESTIMATION OF PRIVATE AND SOCIAL RATES OF RETURN TO INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION IN LATVIA
2013
The main aim of the paper is to evaluate the rates of return to investments in education at individual and society level as well. The task of the paper is to provide detailed analysis and estimation of the variables which impact the private and social rates of return. It is based on Professor Angel de la Fuente methodology complemented by Mincer earnings function and non-parametric DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method to estimate world technological frontier and the technological gap. For this purpose the authors build the matrix with respective years of schooling depending from level of schooling and birth of year taking into account the differences in schooling system since 1940ties. Th…
The Effect of Public Infrastructure on the Private Productive Sector of Spanish Regions
2002
In this paper we analyze the effect of infrastructure on the cost and productivity performance of the private productive sector of Spanish regions over the period 1980–1993. We use a dual approach based on cost functions that allows us to recover the usual parameters estimated with production functions. In addition, we obtain rates of return and cost elasticities of production factors at the regional level. Our framework explicitly considers that some factors are quasi-fixed and their volume can differ from their optimal endowment levels. Our results indicate that the public sector has contributed significantly to enhance productivity and reduce costs in the private sector of almost every S…
Cost-effectiveness of prison system development - comparison of the European countries
2020
The possibility to achieve successful resocialization of former prisoners back into society is an ongoing public debate, making it challenging for policymakers to implement prisoner rehabilitation programs capable of maintaining the public safety while allocating public funds in the most efficient way. The main aim of this study is to examine what is necessary for an investment in prison system development to be justified. The hypothesis of this study suggests that such investment can be cost-effective by reducing crime and recidivism rates in the long term by ensuring proper rehabilitation of prisoners. Accordingly, this research compares various European countries regarding their imprison…
Environmental sustainability in hotels: a matter of category?
2012
As in other economic activities, companies in the hospitality industry have proposed several practices and implemented technology solutions to pursue environmental sustainability of their activities and minimise their impact on climate change. Some applications of information and communication technologies (ICT) may contribute to the reduction of the demand of supplies, water and energy by hotels. In the present paper, we aim at exploring the influence of the hotel category on the implementation of environmental-friendly technologies in hotels. Considering a sample of Spanish hotels in the most important cities, we evaluate the relationship between the level of implementation of certain tec…
RePEc o cómo proveer servicios de valor añadido a una comunidad de investigadores
2013
Se describe RePEc (Research Papers in Economics), uno de los repositorios temáticos más antiguos y con más contenido de los existentes. Se presta especial atención a los servicios de valor añadido que ofrece y que convierten a RePEc en una iniciativa única, con una gran aceptación dentro de su disciplina. Finalmente se hace una breve referencia al modelo de negocios que se utiliza y que se basa en el trabajo voluntario de miles de personas de todo el mundo.