Search results for "Incentive"
showing 10 items of 297 documents
Are you a Good Employee or Simply a Good Guy? Infl?uence Costs and Contract Design.
2012
We develop a principal-agent model with a moral hazard problem in which the principal has access to a hard signal (the level of output) and a soft signal (the supervision signal) about the agent?s level of effort. We show that the agent?'s ability to manipulate the soft signal increases the cost of implementing the effcient equilibrium, leading to wage compression when the infl?uence cost is privately incurred by the agent. When manipulation activities negatively affect the agent?s productivity through the level of output, the design of infl?uence-free contracts that deter manipulation may lead to high-powered incentives. This result implies that high-productivity workers face incentive sch…
El control en las empresas de trabajo asociado. Revisión crítica, desde una perspectiva de agencia, de los principales mecanismos de control, y análi…
2002
This paper analyses the repercussions of the institutional aspects of co-operatives in the decision making process, in arranging the incentive system for members, and discretionary behaviour among management. From a comparative analysis of capitalistic companies, the paper studies the nature of the hierarchical relationships present in co-operatives and reviews the control mechanisms available to them, with special emphasis on the board of directors. At the same time, lines of action are proposed that favour efficient control and reconcile the requirements of co-operative enterprises with their attributes as institutions.
The quest for promoting integrated care in the Nordic countries – recent reform initiatives, outcomes and obstacles
2013
Coordination between primary and secondary health care has been the core of Nordic health policy during the last decade [1]. In 2012, Norway introduced a cooperation reform aiming for strengthening integration between primary and secondary health care [2]. Previously, Denmark introduced in 2007 “The Local Government Reform” to improve integration in the health care sector. During the last decades, Sweden has restructured for a more community oriented health care system [4]. The objective of the paper are to compare integrated health policy measures and reforms and their outcomes in Denmark, Sweden and Norway, with regard to success and obstacles for improving “seamless” health care. Current…
ICO Crowdfunding: Incentives, Pricing Strategy, Token Strategy and Crowd Involvement
2020
AbstractBlockchain technologies provide means to develop services that are secure, transparent and efficient by nature. Unsurprisingly, the emerging business opportunities has gained a lot of interest that is realized in form of successful Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) that are able to raise billions of USD through crowdfunding campaign. In this exploratory research we study 91 ICOs through content analysis in order to investigate the special characteristics of ICO crowdfunding as business models towards the possible investors. We found that ICOs can be described through (1) the model for providing incentives for investment, (2) the pricing strategy, (3) the token strategy and (4) the activ…
Outlying location of logistics activities : the example of the Burgundy in France
2015
International audience; This paper contributes to the understanding of spatial location of logistics activities in an outlying region. A quantitative analysis in Burgundy (French region) underlines the important polarization of warehousing developed in a limited area during 1980–1990s intensified during 2000s. The companies that locate their warehouses in Burgundy have different strategies that could explain this outlying location. For example, the low cost of land, favorable terms of tax system and the presence of a labour pool with an important unemployed rate incentive could incentive some companies to locate their warehouses in an outlying region like the Burgundy.
Yearly quotas and country-reserved shares in Italian immigration policy
2008
Regular immigration to Italy is based on a quota system setting annual ceilings to legal entries. Reserved shares are granted to single countries or categories of countries. Reserved shares have been increased; they are used as an incentive to obtain the cooperation of countries of origin in stemming irregular migration flows. The total quota of regular immigration has gradually increased too. Still, it does not fully respond to the growing demand of foreign workers on the labour market, and quotas seem to be used as crypto-regularisations rather than as an instrument for regulating legal entries.
How Supportive Are Romanian Consumers of the Circular Economy Concept: A Survey
2016
The aim of this paper is to investigate consumer behavior regarding the environment and the adoption of new patterns of behavior and responsible consumption in the promotion of a Circular Economy (CE) in Romania. With this goal in mind, a questionnaire survey was performed on-line on a nationwide scale to explore consumers’ behaviors and attitudes, which was distributed in all four of Romania’s macro-regions and interviewing 642 respondents. The results indicate that the consumers have a positive attitude towards the importance of the environmental protection, in general and it also measures the frequency of adopting eco-friendly behaviors by the consumers, showing that the consumption beha…
Expectation Damages and Bilateral Cooperative Investments
2012
We examine the efficiency of the standard breach remedy expectation damages in a setting where the buyer invests cooperatively and the seller invests both cooperatively and selfishly. Contracts may specify a required quality level and an upper bound to the seller's coordination costs. We find that it is optimal to write an augmented Cadillac contract in which quality is stipulated such that it cannot be met with positive probability together with a very low price. Thus, the seller becomes a residual claimant and the coordination-cost threshold can be used to balance the incentives of the buyer.
Surgical research and clinical routine in the new century.
2002
The German Research Foundation (DFG) has recentlydenounced the poor state of clinical research in Germany[2]. It is therefore worthwhile to contemplate the currentstate of surgical research with special focus on the futurepossibilities to combine research and clinical routine inuniversity hospitals.Current StateReading the daily newspaper one may get the impres-sion that German universities and clinical research in par-ticular are in a deep crisis, and that German professors areto be blamed for it. In medicine, additional insufficienciesof the system are obvious, with corruption cases broughtup against clinicians and conflicts of interest due to thefact that clinical professors in addition …
Exploring why global health needs are unmet by research efforts: the potential influences of geography, industry and publication incentives
2020
[Background]: It has been well established that research is not addressing health needs in a balanced way — much more research is conducted on diseases with more burden in high-income countries than on those with more burden in lower-income countries. In this study, we explore whether these imbalances persist and inquire about the possible influence of three factors, namely geography, industry and publication incentives.