Search results for "Increased risk"

Patient Baseline Characteristics Predict An Increased Risk Of Future Asthma Exacerbations

2010

Osteoarthritis and mortality: a prospective cohort study and systematic review with meta-analysis

2016

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability, but the relationship with premature mortality remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the relationship between OA and mortality from any cause and from cardiovascular disease (CVD).\ud \ud Methods: Electronic literature databases searches were conducted to identify prospective studies comparing mortality in a sample of people with and without OA. Risk of all-cause and CVD mortality were summarized using adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for joint specific (hand, hip, and knee) and joint non-specific OA. New data from the Progetto Veneto Anziani (PRO.V.A.) study were also included. Results: From the PRO.V.A. study (N 1⁄4 2927), …

Longterm Survival After Liver Transplantation for Autoimmune Hepatitis : Results From the European Liver Transplant Registry

2020

The aim of this study was to analyze longterm patient and graft survival after liver transplantation for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH-LT) from the prospective multicenter European Liver Transplant Registry. Patient and liver graft survival between 1998 and 2017 were analyzed. Patients after AIH-LT (n = 2515) were compared with patients receiving LT for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC-LT; n = 3733), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC-LT; n = 5155), and alcohol-related cirrhosis (AC-LT; n = 19,567). After AIH-LT, patient survival was 79.4%, 70.8%, and 60.3% and graft survival was 73.2%, 63.4%, and 50.9% after 5, 10, and 15 years of follow-up. Overall patient survival was similar to patients af…

Virtual chromoendoscopy with iSCAN as an alternative method to dye-spray chromoendoscopy for dysplasia detection in long-standing colonic inflammator…

2021

Patients with long-standing colonic inflammatory bowel disease (cIBD) are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Dye-spray chromoendoscopy (DCE) with targeted biopsies is the preferred technique for surveillance of dysplasia. Virtual chromoendoscopy (VCE) are arising to improve detection rates and adherence to surveillance guidelines, although its role is not yet well defined. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of VCE with iSCAN as an alternative method for dysplasia detection in cIBD.Retrospective case-control study with 191 patients included, 98 in the DCE (Indigo carmine) group and 93 in the VCE (iSCAN, twin-mode 1-3) group. The dysplasia detection…

Akutschmerztherapie in Pädiatrie und Geriatrie – Akutschmerztherapie im Alter –ein ganzheitlicher Ansatz

2011

Post-operative pain management of elderly patients requires special attention. In addition to the organic functional impairments, age-related changes in psychological and social factors play an important role. Also life experiences, painful medical history and a range of different complaints of old age influence the expectations to the treatment of pain. Several factors have to be considered, so 1) age-appropriate preoperative assessment of organic, psychological and social factors, 2) a selection of regularly administered non-opioid, or combination of two different effective non-opioids, notably on the contra-indications and dose limits, 3) if necessary careful titration of the strong opio…

Why Does COVID-19 Case Fatality Rate Vary Among Countries?

2020

SummaryBackgroundWhile the epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 is spreading worldwide, there is much concern over the mortality rate that the infection induces. Available data suggest that COVID-19 case fatality rate varies temporally (as the epidemic progresses) and spatially (among countries). Here, we attempted to identify key factors possibly explaining the variability in case fatality rate across countries.MethodsWe used data on the temporal trajectory of case fatality rate provided by the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control, and country-specific data on different metrics describing the incidence of known comorbidity factors associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 mortality at …

Chronic Pain and COVID-19: pathophysiological, clinical and organizational issues

2020

During the lockdown phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, a call not to neglect the continuum of care of patients who present with chronic diseases, including pain, was made. In the field of pain, COVID-19 had an impact both from a clinical (i.e., the influence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pain) and organizational (i.e., how patients with chronic pain should be managed in the post-COVID-19 era) perspective. Furthermore, patients with chronic pain are also frequently frail subjects, affected from multiple comorbidities and hence are at increased risk of infection. On these bases, how the necessity to continue pain therapy will be pursued in the post-COVID-19 era? In this paper, we comment on the abo…

A review of psychosocial factors and stroke: A new public health problem

2019

Abstract The role of psychosocial factors (PSF) in increased risk of stroke is a novel public health challenge, but unclear definitions for PSF and the multiple stroke subtypes have led to inconsistent reports. A review of this issue is therefore warranted. Methods Several databases were used for this narrative systematic review (Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library). Two independent reviewers evaluated articles from between 2001 and 2018 on the themes of PSF and stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA). PSF criteria were job strain, psychological interpersonal and behavioral stress, and social deprivation. Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and TIA subtypes were also identified. Results Forty-f…

Diabetes Mellitus and Ramadan: Physiopathological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects

2017

Fasting from dawn to sunset during Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam. A significant number of diabetic patients insist on fasting during Ramadan against the recommendations of their physicians. Fasting in diabetic subjects may be associated with increased risk of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis, dehydration and thrombosis. Patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus are predisposed to major metabolic risks. Another problem is the reluctance of diabetic patients in taking their medications during the fast; therefore the timing and the dosage of anti-diabetic drugs must be adapted for each patient. It is important for diabetic patients who wish to fast during …

Role of the dental surgeon in the early detection of adults with underlying HIV infection / AIDS

2011

A review is made of the late diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a subject of growing interest in public health. It has been estimated that in Europe 30% of all HIV-infected people are unaware of their seropositive condition, and this in turn is associated with a poorer long-term disease prognosis and an increased risk of transmission to other individuals. The role of the dental surgeon in this context could be of great importance, since there are many oral lesions that can suggest the existence of underlying infection. The study also addresses the controversial subject of rapid HIV testing, and whether these tests should be performed on a routine basis in the dental …