Search results for "Indicator"

The long history of rich fens supports persistence of plant and snail habitat specialists

2021

Increasing evidence for the effects of Holocene history on modern biotic communities suggests that current explanations of community patterns and conservation strategies require revisiting. Here we focused on Central European rich fens that are at high risk among mire habitats because of their relatively low environmental stability, and hence sensitivity to successional shifts. At each of 57 study sites, inventory of specialist species of bryophytes, vascular plants and land snails, measurements of local environmental conditions, area, and radiocarbon dating were conducted. We used Moran’s I spatial autocorrelation, multiple linear regression models, MDS, db-RDA, and null models to identify…

Utilization of microbial abundance and diversity as indicators of the origin of soil aggregates produced by earthworms

2013

This study aimed at testing the capability of microbial community structure and abundance to be used as bioindicators of the origin of earthworm cast aggregates. Compact surface casts produced by Amynthas khami and surrounding aggregates lacking visible signs of biological activity (control) were left to disaggregate by natural rainfall and separated into four size classes (5-2, 2-0.5, 0.5-0.25 and <0.25 mm). The genetic structure and the abundance of the bacterial and fungal communities were characterized using B- and F-ARISA fingerprinting approach and quantitative PCR directly from DNA extracted from soil. Bacteria and to a lesser extent fungi were more abundant in casts than in control …

2020

The composition of phytoplankton community is the basis for environmental monitoring and assessment of the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems. Community composition studies of phytoplankton have been based on time-consuming and expertise-demanding light microscopy analyses. Molecular methods have the potential to replace microscopy, but the high copy number variation of ribosomal genes and the lack of universal primers for simultaneous amplification of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes complicate data interpretation. In this study, we used our previously developed directional primer-independent high-throughput sequencing (HTS) approach to analyze 16S and 18S rRNA community structures. C…

Monitoring Human Viral Pathogens Reveals Potential Hazard for Treated Wastewater Discharge or Reuse

2022

Wastewater discharge to the environment or its reuse after sanitization poses a concern for public health given the risk of transmission of human viral diseases. However, estimating the viral infectivity along the wastewater cycle presents technical challenges and still remains underexplored. Recently, human-associated crAssphage has been investigated to serve as viral pathogen indicator to monitor fecal impacted water bodies, even though its assessment as biomarker for infectious enteric viruses has not been explored yet. To this end, the occurrence of potentially infectious norovirus genogroup I (GI), norovirus GII, hepatitis A virus (HAV), rotavirus A (RV), and human astrovirus (HAstV) a…

Eterogeneità delle preferenze e rilevanza degli indicatori psicometrici nelle decisioni di scelta modale: le prospettive per il trasporto delle merci…

2011

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Magnetic Properties, and Theoretical Studies of [{Cu(mepirizole)Br}2(μ-OH)(μ-pz)] (Mepirizole = 4-Methoxy-2-(5-methoxy-…

2003

A novel mu-pyrazolato-mu-hydroxo-dibridged copper(II) complex has been synthesized and structurally characterized: [(Cu(mepirizole)Br)2(mu-OH)(mu-pz)] (mepirizole=4-methoxy-2-(5-methoxy-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine; pz=pyrazolate). The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/c, with a=15.618(2) A, b=15.369(3) A, c=16.071(3) A, and beta=112.250(1) degrees. The structure is built up of dinuclear [(Cu(mepirizole)Br)2(mu-OH)(mu-pz)] units with five-coordinated copper(II) ions (CuBrN3O chromophores) linked by mu2-OH and mu2-pyrazolato bridges that are well separated from each others. The intramolecular copper-copper distance is 3.378(3) A. Magnetic…

The synthesis, structure and properties of N-acetylated derivatives of ethyl 3-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate.

2007

Ethyl 3-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (1) was yielded through total synthesis and reacted with acetic anhydride to give the acetylated products 2-6. Compounds 1-6 were studied with HPLC, X-ray, FT-IR, (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR and MS. Acetylation was carried out in solvents of various polarity, namely; chloroform; dioxane; DMF; acetic anhydride, at room temperature and at boiling points; and in the presence and absence of DMAP. The acetylated products are mainly nitrogen atoms in the ring. The position of the ring proton in the solution was based on NOESY; multinuclear HMBC, HSQC spectra and calculations. For equivalent amounts (1-1.5 mol) of acetic anhydride at room temperature two products of…

New antitumoral acetogenin ‘Guanacone type’ derivatives: Isolation and bioactivity. Molecular dynamics simulation of diacetyl-guanacone

2007

We describe herein the isolation and semisynthesis of four acetogenin derivatives (1-4) as well as their ability to inhibit the mitochondrial respiratory chain and several tumor cell lines. In addition, four nanoseconds (ns) of MD simulation of compound 4, in a fully hydrated POPC bilayer, is reported.

Oxytocin receptors and cholesterol: interaction and regulation.

2000

Cholesterol affects the ligand binding function of the oxytocin receptor in a highly specific manner. While the structurally-related cholecystokinin receptor shows a strong correlation between the membrane fluidity and its binding function, the oxytocin receptor behaves differently. A stringent and unique requirement of the affinity state of the oxytocin receptor for structural features of the sterol molecule has been found. The molecular requirements differ both from those postulated for sterol-phospholipid interactions and from those known to be necessary for the activity of other proteins. Employing a new detergent-free subcellular fractionation protocol, a two-fold enrichment of the oxy…

Synthesis of C-17-functionalized spongiane diterpenes: diastereoselective synthesis of (-)-spongian-16-oxo-17-al, (-)-acetyldendrillol-1, and (-)-apl…

2003

The diastereoselective synthesis of spongiane diterpenes (-)-spongian-16-oxo-17-al 2, (-)-acetyldendrillol-1 15, and (-)-aplyroseol-14 16 has been completed efficiently via the common intermediate 14. Compound 14 was prepared in five synthetic steps from (+)-podocarp-8(14)-en-13-one 13, easily available from commercial (-)-abietic acid. The key steps in the syntheses were a regioselective reduction of a 1,4-dialdehyde unit, a one-pot acetalization-acetylation, and a translactonization. The synthesis of 15 and 16 has led us to a revision of the configuration at C-17 for natural (-)-acetyldendrillol-1 and a structural reassignment for aplyroseol-14. Thus, aplyroseol-14 16 presents an unpreced…