Search results for "Indicator"
showing 10 items of 997 documents
THE FRENCH NATIONAL SOIL QUALITY MONITORING NETWORK (RMQS) AS A SUPPORT FOR MONITORING SOIL BIODIVERSITY: past, present and future programs
2021
Soil biodiversity would represent about 25% of the species on Earth. It is threatened, and although it is essential for human activities, it remains largely unknown. The French National Soil Quality Monitoring Network (RMQS) has a significant impact in removing the grey areas through its programs on soil microorganisms, soil meso and macrofauna, meadow flora, truffles and more recently enzymatic activities. The first distribution maps of bacterial phyla on a national scale and of soil fauna on a regional scale (in Brittany) have been developed. For the white truffle, three new areas of presence have been identified in France. The habitats of the bacteria were also described for the first ti…
Proposing a set of simulation-based indicators to assess harmfulness and biodiversity resulting from weeds in agroecosystems
2013
International audience; Weeds are both a harmful pest and an important trophic resource for many biotic components. Moreover, herbicide use must be reduced to limit its impact on environment and human health. Consequently, new cropping systems are needed that both maximise weed-related biodiversity and minimise weed harmfulness. Weed dynamics models are increasingly used to design innovative cropping systems but they only consider weed densities and/or crop yield loss. Thus, the objective of the present study was to develop a set of indicators to assess weed-related harmfulness and biodiversity and to connect them to the FLORSYS model. The FLORSYS model is to date the only multispecific wee…
Lichen used to assess nickel atmospheric dispersion, an example of New Caledonia Asbestos and best practices View project Atmospheric signature in ma…
2015
International audience; Fifteen epiphytic lichens, collected near an active nickel mine and along an East-West transect across New Caledonia island (South-West Pacific), were analyzed for their metal contents. The purpose is to evaluate atmospheric metal contamination and the impact of mining exploitation on the surroundings. The structure of the compositional dataset was explored using a covariance biplot. The score of the first principal component was used as a generic indicator to locally evaluate the degree of contamination. This study demonstrates that Ni, Co and Cr are highly concentrated in lichens near mining exploitation.
Innovative tools to diagnose the impact of land use practices on soil microbial communities
2018
International audience; Preservation and sustainable use of soil biological communities represent major challenges in the current agroecological context. Indeed, most of soil ecosystem services results from biological functions particularly driven by taxonomic and functional assemblages of microbiological communities (i.e. nutrient cycling, soil aggregation, depollution, etc.). Consequently, soil microbial communities are logical candidates as effective indicators of soil quality and sustainability. But, good biological indicators must be associated with references that encompass an operating range of measured values that allow performing the desired diagnosis. Even if numerous studies have…
Impact des pratiques agricoles sur l’état biologique des sols: Quelles recommandations et pistes de R&D en matière de pilotage biologique des sols
2018
National audience
L’usage des trachytes de la chaîne des Puys depuis deux millénaires
2021
The very recent work carried out within the framework of a Collective Research Project (PCR-Trachytes) supported by the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Regional Directorate of Cultural Affairs has completely renewed our knowledge of the use of trachytic lavas from the chaîne des Puys over the last two millennia. A complete petrographic identity sheet has been established for each of these trachytes. This database showed that each trachytic volcano was made up of a different lava from those of its neighbours, except for Cliersou and Aumône which have the same lava. Moreover, for the Puy de Dôme and the Cratère Kilian, it was shown that they were each made up of two different lavas. Thus, the fine chara…
Origin and diversity of testate amoebae shell composition: Example of Bullinularia indica living in Sphagnum capillifolium
2017
Testate amoebae are free-living shelled protists that build a wide range of shells with various sizes, shapes, and compositions. Recent studies showed that xenosomic testate amoebae shells could be indicators of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) deposition. However, no study has yet been conducted to assess the intra-specific mineral, organic, and biologic grain diversity of a single xenosomic species in a natural undisturbed environment. This study aims at providing new information about grain selection to develop the potential use of xenosomic testate amoebae shells as bioindicators of the multiple-origin mineral/organic diversity of their proximal environment. To fulfil these objective…
Indicators of agricultural intensity and intensification: a review of the literature
2015
Since the 1960s, research has dealt with agricultural intensification (AI) as a solution to ensure global food security. Recently, sustainable intensification (SI) has increasingly been used to describe those agricultural and farming systems that ensure adequate ecosystem service provision. Studies differ in terms of the application scales and methodologies, thus we aim to summarize the main findings from the literature on how AI and SI are assessed, from the farm to global levels. Our literature review is based on 7865 papers selected from the Web of Science database and analysed using CorText software. A further selection of 105 relevant papers was used for an in-depth full-text analysis …
State of plant diversity in permanent grassland under label of origin Epoisses cheese (Burgundy, France)
2013
(EA) équipe AgroSupEcolDur; International audience
Archéophytes et néophytes.Pour une nouvelle détermination des marqueurs polliniques de l'anthropisation. Le cas des milieux cultivés et rudéraux de F…
2007
297p. de synthèse, annexes p.299-414, 15 articles en soumission Diplôme : Dr. d'Universite