Search results for "Individuals"

showing 10 items of 99 documents

A relativistic iron emission line from the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary GX 3+1

2012

We present the results of a spectroscopic study of the Fe K{\alpha} emission of the persistent neutron-star atoll low-mass X-ray binary and type I X-ray burster GX 3+1 with the EPIC-PN on board XMM-Newton. The source shows a flux modulation over several years and we observed it during its fainter phase, which corresponds to an X-ray luminosity of Lx~10^37 ergs/s. When fitted with a two-component model, the X-ray spectrum shows broad residuals at \sim6-7 keV that can be ascribed to an iron K{\alpha} fluorescence line. In addition, lower energy features are observed at \sim3.3 keV, \sim3.9 keV and might originate from Ar XVIII and Ca XIX. The broad iron line feature is well fitted with a rela…

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaidentification line: profiles X-rays: individuals: GX 3+1 X-rays: binaries stars: neutron [line]X-ray binaryFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsRadiusAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsType (model theory)01 natural sciencesLuminosityNeutron starSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisicaline: identification line: profiles X-rays: individuals: GX 3+1 X-rays: binaries stars: neutronSpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencesEmission spectrumAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaLow Mass010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsLine (formation)
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A complete X-ray spectral coverage of the 2010 May-June outbursts of Circinus X-1

2012

Circinus X-1 is a neutron-star-accreting X-ray binary in a wide (P$_{\rm orb}$ = 16.6 d), eccentric orbit. After two years of relatively low X-ray luminosity, in May 2010 Circinus X-1 went into outburst, reaching 0.4 Crab flux. This outburst lasted for about two orbital cycles and was followed by another shorter and fainter outburst in June. We focus here on the broadband X-ray spectral evolution of the source as it spans about three order of magnitudes in flux. We attempt to relate luminosity, spectral shape, local absorption, and orbital phase. We use multiple Rossi-XTE/PCA (3.0--25 keV) and Swift/XRT (1.0--9.0 keV) observations and a 20 ks long Chandra/HETGS observation (1.0--9.0 keV), t…

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Spectral shape analysis010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaX-raybinaries X-rays: individuals: Circinus X-1 accretion accretion disks line: profiles [X-rays]FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsOrbital eccentricityAstrophysicsLight curve01 natural sciencesSpectral evolutionSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaAccretion disc13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsCircinusX-rays: binaries X-rays: individuals: Circinus X-1 accretion accretion disks line: profilesAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena010303 astronomy & astrophysics
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On the metal abundances inside mixed-morphology supernova remnants: the case of IC 443  and G166.0+4.3

2009

Recent developments on the study of mixed morphology supernova remnants (MMSNRs) have revealed the presence of metal rich X-ray emitting plasma inside a fraction of these remnant, a feature not properly addressed by traditional models for these objects. Radial profiles of thermodynamical and chemical parameters are needed for a fruitful comparison of data and model of MMSNRs, but these are available only in a few cases. We analyze XMM-Newton data of two MMSNRs, namely IC443 and G166.0+4.3, previously known to have solar metal abundances, and we perform spatially resolved spectral analysis of the X-ray emission. We detected enhanced abundances of Ne, Mg and Si in the hard X-ray bright peak i…

PhysicsMorphology (linguistics)extinctionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaExtinction (astronomy)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsContext (language use)X-rays: individuals: IC 443AstrophysicsPlasmaAstrophysics - Astrophysics of GalaxiesX-rays: ISMMetalSupernovaISM: dustX-rays: individuals: G166.0+4.3 ISMSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)visual_artRadiative transfervisual_art.visual_art_mediumSpectral analysisAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsISM: supernova remnant
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Timing of the 2008 outburst of SAX J1808.4–3658 with XMM-Newton: a stable orbital-period derivative over ten years

2009

We report on a timing analysis performed on a 62-ks long XMM-Newton observation of the accreting millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 during the latest X-ray outburst that started on September 21, 2008. By connecting the time of arrivals of the pulses observed during the XMM observation, we derived the best-fit orbital solution and a best-fit value of the spin period for the 2008 outburst. Comparing this new set of orbital parameters and, in particular, the value of the time of ascending-node passage with the orbital parameters derived for the previous four X-ray outbursts of SAX J1808.4-3658 observed by the PCA on board RXTE, we find an updated value of the orbital period derivative, which …

PhysicsOrbital elementsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaX-ray binaryFOS: Physical sciencesSecular evolutionAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsDerivativeOrbital periodstars: neutron stars: magnetic fields X-rays: binaries X-rays: individuals: SAX J1808.4-3658Astrophysics - Astrophysics of GalaxiesLuminosityNeutron starSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaSpace and Planetary ScienceMillisecond pulsarAstrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstronomy & Astrophysics
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GRB 070311: a direct link between the prompt emission and the afterglow

2007

We present prompt gamma-ray, early NIR/optical, late optical and X-ray observations of the peculiar GRB 070311 discovered by INTEGRAL, in order to gain clues on the mechanisms responsible for the prompt gamma-ray pulse as well as for the early and late multi-band afterglow of GRB 070311. We fitted with empirical functions the gamma-ray and optical light curves and scaled the result to the late time X-rays. The H-band light curve taken by REM shows two pulses peaking 80 and 140 s after the peak of the gamma-ray burst and possibly accompanied by a faint gamma-ray tail. Remarkably, the late optical and X-ray afterglow underwent a major rebrightening between 3x10^4 and 2x10^5 s after the burst …

Physicsgamma rays: bursts010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsX-rays: individuals: GRB 070311Light curveAstrophysics01 natural sciencesAfterglowSpace and Planetary Sciencegamma rays: bursts; X-rays: individuals: GRB 0703110103 physical sciencesGamma-ray burst010303 astronomy & astrophysicsTime profile
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The Rolf Method of Structural Integration on Fascial Tissue Stiffness, Elasticity, and Superficial Blood Perfusion in Healthy Individuals: The Prospe…

2020

Introduction: There are multiple theories surrounding the physiological impact of structural integration (SI) with little evidence or research corroborating any of these. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of 10 sessions of SI on fascial tissue (FT) superficial blood perfusion, stiffness, and elasticity in 13 healthy women.Methods: This was a prospective, interventional study. The primary outcome measures were FTs’ superficial blood perfusion, stiffness, and elasticity of bilateral selected FT points on the body. Data were collected before and after 10 sessions of SI intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test (intragroup compari…

Physiologystructural integrationBrachioradialissuperficial blood perfusionBicepslcsh:Physiology03 medical and health sciencesstiffness0302 clinical medicinefascial tissuePhysiology (medical)medicineElasticity (economics)030222 orthopedicslcsh:QP1-981business.industryStiffnessBrief Research Reportbody regionsmedicine.anatomical_structureHealthy individualsUpper limbelasticityTissue stiffnessmedicine.symptomNuclear medicinebusinessPerfusion030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFrontiers in Physiology
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Cognitive emotion regulation withstands the stress test: An fMRI study on the effect of acute stress on distraction and reappraisal

2021

Cognitive emotion regulation is a key mechanism for the maintenance of mental health, but may fail, when individuals are exposed to acute stress. To date, it is not well understood whether and to what extent acute stress effects contribute to impairments in emotion regulation capacities as the sparse existing studies have yielded heterogeneous results, indicating that stress timing might be a crucial factor.In the present study, 81 healthy participants underwent either an acute stress task (ScanSTRESS-C; n = 40) or a control condition (n = 41) while lying in the MRI scanner. In the subsequent Cognitive Emotion Regulation Task (CERT), participants were confronted with neutral or negative pic…

SALIVARY CORTISOLSEX-DIFFERENCESCognitive NeurosciencePSYCHOSOCIAL STRESSEmotionsExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyCORTISOL REACTIVITY050105 experimental psychologyACTIVATION03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineCognitionStress testDistractionStress (linguistics)Heart rateHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesBRAINAcute stressHEALTHY-INDIVIDUALSMETAANALYSISGENDER-DIFFERENCESMechanism (biology)ReappraisalEmotion regulation05 social sciencesfMRIDistractionCognitionMental healthMagnetic Resonance ImagingEmotional RegulationExercise TestPsychologyLying030217 neurology & neurosurgeryClinical psychologyRESPONSES
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Age-associated changes in circulatory fatty acids: new insights on adults and long-lived individuals

2022

Long-lived individuals (LLIs) are considered an ideal model to study healthy human aging. Blood fatty acid (FA) profile of a cohort of LLIs (90–111 years old, n = 49) from Sicily was compared to adults (18–64 years old, n = 69) and older adults (65–89 years old, n = 54) from the same area. Genetic variants in key enzymes related to FA biosynthesis and metabolism were also genotyped to investigate a potential genetic predisposition in determining the FA profile. Gas chromatography was employed to determine the FA profile, and genotyping was performed using high-resolution melt (HRM) analysis. Blood levels of total polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and total trans-FA decreased with age, while the lev…

Settore MED/04 - Patologia GeneraleAgingGenotypingLong-living individualFatty acid desaturaseLipidomicLongevityFatty acid elongaseFatty acidLong-living individualsFatty acid desaturase; Fatty acid elongase; Fatty acids; Genotyping; Lipidomics; Long-living individuals; LongevityLipidomicsOriginal ArticleGeriatrics and GerontologyFatty acids
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Tears evoke the intention to offer social support: A systematic investigation of the interpersonal effects of emotional crying across 41 countries

2021

Tearful crying is a ubiquitous and likely uniquely human phenomenon. Scholars have argued that emotional tears serve an attachment function: Tears are thought to act as a social glue by evoking social support intentions. Initial experimental studies supported this proposition across several methodologies, but these were conducted almost exclusively on participants from North America and Europe, resulting in limited generalizability. This project examined the tears-social support intentions effect and possible mediating and moderating variables in a fully pre-registered study across 7007 participants (24,886 ratings) and 41 countries spanning all populated continents. Participants were prese…

Sociology and Political ScienceEmotionsPersonal distressAttachment050109 social psychology:Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica]Relaciones interpersonalesEmotional tearsSocial support0302 clinical medicineEmotional crying ; Emotional tears ; Attachment ; Cross-cultural ; Social supportPsychologyFaces10. No inequalitymedia_commonInclusionEmociones y sentimientosCrying05 social sciencesImpactFeelingmedicine.symptomPsychologySocial psychologySocial Psychologymedia_common.quotation_subjectEmpathyCryingInterpersonal relationsEquivalence050105 experimental psychologyExposureSocial supportInterpersonal relationship03 medical and health sciencesmedicine0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesValence (psychology)Empathic concernDistressIndividualsAttachment; Cross-cultural; Emotional crying; Emotional tears; Social supportCross-culturalPsicologíaEmotional cryingPsychologieLlantoEmpathyEmpatía030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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La Valle dei Templi in epoca medioevale. Caratterizzazione antropologica e paleopatologica delle sepolture antistanti in Tempio della Concordia

2021

Riassunto ― Il lavoro presenta i risultati delle analisi bio-archeologiche effettuate su resti scheletrici umani rinvenuti in quattordici sepolture di epoca medioevale rinvenute nel Parco Archeologico della Valle dei Templi di Agrigento (Sicilia). L’obiettivo è stato l’acquisizione delle informazioni necessarie per la ricostruzione del profilo biologico di ciascun individuo, al fine di determinarne il sesso, la stima dell’età biologica alla morte, la stima della statura e la valutazione delle patologie e degli indicatori di stress occupazionale mediante le correnti metodologie e tecniche diagnostiche di tipo antropologico. Sebbene il cattivo stato di conservazione di alcuni individui non ne…

Summary ― The work presents the results of the bio-archaeological analyzes carried out on human skeletal remains found in fourteen burials of Medieval chronology at the Archaeological Park of Valle dei Templi in Agrigentum (Sicily). The aim of the work was the acquisition of the information necessary for the reconstruction of the biological profile of each individual throught the determination of sex the estimate of the biological age at death the estimate of height and the evaluation of pathologies and markers of occupational stress through current anthropological diagnostic methodologies and techniques. Althought the poor state of conservation of some individuals has not allowed their whole anthropological characterization the investigations have highlighted the heterogeneity relating to the age groups and have allowed us to ascertain the presence of pathological alterations in subjects of mature age sometimes of unknown etiology such as DISH (Diffuse Idiopathic Hyperostosis). The sample size is not representative of the entire population but subsequent insights will provide a better understanding of the population dynamics of Medieval Agrigentum.Settore BIO/08 - Antropologia
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