Search results for "Induced"
showing 10 items of 1287 documents
Mechanical ventilation in patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema: a sub-analysis of the LUNG SAFE study
2022
Supported by Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER)‑Enfermedades respiratorias, Madrid, Spain (CB17/06/00021) and Fundación para el Fomento en Asturias de la Investigación Científica aplicada y la tecnología (FICYT, AYUD2021/52014). RRG is the recipient of a grant from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (CM20/00083).
European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) immune status and disease resistance are impaired by arginine dietary supplementation
2015
Infectious diseases and fish feeds management are probably the major expenses in the aquaculture business. Hence, it is a priority to define sustainable strategies which simultaneously avoid therapeutic procedures and reinforce fish immunity. Currently, one preferred approach is the use of immunostimulants which can be supplemented to the fish diets. Arginine is a versatile amino acid with important mechanisms closely related to the immune response. Aiming at finding out how arginine affects the innate immune status or improve disease resistance of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) against vibriosis, fish were fed two arginine-supplemented diets (1% and 2% arginine supplementation). A…
Visual acuity with computer simulated and lens-induced astigmatism
2014
[EN] The relationship between spherical and astigmatic refractive errors and their associated visual acuity is investigated in this work by means of two different approaches. In the first one, different refractive errors were induced in normal subjects by trial lenses. In the second one, defocused images were simulated numerically by the optical transfer function of a model eye and then judged by the same subjects. The amount of defocus (measured in terms of the modulus of the dioptric power vector) necessary to reduce the visual acuity to 0.1 logMAR and to 0.4 logMAR was computed with each method and then compared. We found that the visual system is clearly more tolerant to lens-induced de…
Vitamin A deficiency increases noise susceptibility in guinea pigs.
1990
The effect of vitamin A deficiency in guinea pigs on noise-induced temporary threshold shift (TTS) was evaluated after short (15 min) acoustic overstimulation with a moderate (90 dB) broad-band white noise. Some guinea pigs were fed ad libitum a purified diet deficient in vitamin A (VAD group) until biochemical signs of deficiency occurred. A second, control group (VA group) received the same diet as well as 100 IU vitamin A daily by pharyngeal tube. Cochlear potentials were recorded by special computerized equipment using implanted electrodes. Before acoustic stimulation, a baseline value was determined with a test stimulus [90 dBA (A-filter according to usual DIN instructions)] correspond…
Long-Term Administration of High Dose Vitamin A to Rats Does Not Cause Fetal Malformations: Macroscopic, Skeletal and Physicochemical Finds
1996
A rat model was used to investigate whether high oral doses of vitamin A lead to fetal malformations and to what extent retinyl esters (RES) are transferred from the mother to the fetuses. Retinol and RES concentrations in plasma behave similarly in rats and humans. When high concentrations of vitamin A are administered, plasma retinol concentrations remain relatively constant, whereas plasma RES increased in parallel with the dose. To achieve an elevation from approximately 150 to > 1525 nmol x L(-1) in the experimental group before mating, female Ibm: RORO (spf) rats were fed a maintenance diet enriched with 15.2 x 10(3) retinol equivalents (RE) x kg(-1) at the start and increased stepwis…
Practical Volcano-Independent Recognition of Seismic Events: VULCAN.ears Project
2021
Recognizing the mechanisms underlying seismic activity and tracking temporal and spatial patterns of earthquakes represent primary inputs to monitor active volcanoes and forecast eruptions. To quantify this seismicity, catalogs are established to summarize the history of the observed types and number of volcano-seismic events. In volcano observatories the detection and posterior classification or labeling of the events is manually performed by technicians, often suffering a lack of unified criteria and eventually resulting in poorly reliable labeled databases. State-of-the-art automatic Volcano-Seismic Recognition (VSR) systems allow real-time monitoring and consistent catalogs. VSR systems…
Electromechanical coupling in anodic niobium oxide: Electric field-induced strain, internal stress, and dielectric response
2012
Seemingly, contradictory results have been reported so far for electrostriction in anodic oxides. Furthermore, no definitive agreement could be obtained with theory. In this paper, in situ techniques are combined to elucidate electrostriction in anodic niobium oxide. The dependence of strain, internal stress, and dielectric constant on the electric field is measured by, respectively, spectroscopic ellipsometry, curvature, and impedance measurements. The through-thickness strain is tensile and proportional to the square of the electric field. The in-plane internal stress is compressive and proportional to the square of the electric field at low field values. The internal stress is predicted …
Natural and artificial radioactivity levels in Livingston Island (Antarctic regions).
1994
Radioactive contamination of the sea and land is due, on the one hand, to fallout from atmospheric atomic explosions since 1945, and, on the other, to emissions produced by nuclear and radioactive facilities. Given its geographic position far distant from the aforementioned main sources of radioactive contamination, Antarctica should have the lowest levels that can be measured on the Earth of artificial radionuclides in the various receptor media which are characteristic of the trophic chain. In the case of Antarctica, these are melt-water, sea-water, mosses, algae, and lichens. With the aim of contributing basic information on the radiation levels present in the Antarctic ecosystem, we hav…
Controlling ground-state rotational dynamics of molecules by shaped femtosecond laser pulses
2004
We report controlled excitation of ground-state rotational wave packet by pulse-shaping technique. The experiment is conducted in nitrogen $({\mathrm{N}}_{2})$ at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. A femtosecond laser pulse produces rotational coherences in the vibronic ground state of ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ through an impulsive Raman process. The laser pulse is tailored using a spatial light modulator producing spectral phase modulation. Periodic phase steps are applied in order to control the excitation of specific rotational Raman transitions. The outcome is the modification of the relative excitation between odd and even rotational states which allows the control of the symmetry and…
Seasonal and Inter-annual Variation of Evapotranspiration in Amazonia Based on Precipitation, River Discharge and Gravity Anomaly Data
2019
We analyzed seasonal and spatial variations of evapotranspiration (ET) for five Amazon sub-basins and their response to the 2015/16 El Nino episode using a recently developed water-budget approach. ET varied typically between similar to 7 and 10 cm/month with exception of the Xingu basin for which it varied between 10 and 15 cm/month. Outstanding features of ET seasonality are (i) generally weak seasonality, (ii) two ET peaks for the two very wet catchments Solimoes and Negro, with one occurring during the wet season and one during the drier season, and (iii) a steady increase of ET during the second half of the dry season for the three drier catchments (Madeira, Tapajos, Xingu). Peak ET oc…