Search results for "Inertial frame of reference"

showing 8 items of 48 documents

A new approach for modeling dry deposition velocity of particles

2018

Abstract The dry deposition process is recognized as an important pathway among the various removal processes of pollutants in the atmosphere. In this field, there are several models reported in the literature useful to predict the dry deposition velocity of particles of different diameters but many of them are not capable of representing dry deposition phenomena for several categories of pollutants and deposition surfaces. Moreover, their applications is valid for specific conditions and if the data in that application meet all of the assumptions required of the data used to define the model. In this paper a new dry deposition velocity model based on an electrical analogy schema is propose…

PollutionAtmospheric ScienceInertial frame of reference010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesmedia_common.quotation_subjectDry deposition velocityParticle flux010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesParticle fluxMutual influenceSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti Nucleari0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental Sciencemedia_commonPollutant2300TurbulenceParametrizationMechanicsAtmospheric dispersion modelingDry deposition velocity; Parametrization; Particle flux; Radioactive pollutants; Removal processes; 2300; Atmospheric ScienceRadioactive pollutantDeposition (aerosol physics)Environmental scienceRemoval processe
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Relativistic Positioning Systems in Flat Space-Time: The Location Problem

2013

The location problem in relativistic positioning is considered in flat space-time. When two formal solutions are possible for a user (receiver) of the system, its true location may be obtained from a standard set of emission data extended with an observational rule. The covariant expression giving the location of the user in inertial coordinates is decomposed with respect to an inertial observer.

Set (abstract data type)Inertial frame of referenceComputer scienceSpace timeCovariant transformationObserver (special relativity)TopologyGlobal position systemExpression (mathematics)
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A MODEL FOR VESTIBULAR FUNCTION IN ALTERED GRAVITATIONAL STATES

1979

ABSTRACT During evolution, the vestibular organ was made to serve mainly two purposes: 1) to guide eye movements during sharp turns, so that the point of fixation in the visual field can be kept steady, a function accomplished by the semicircular canal system and 2) to indicate the terrestrial vertical, so that upright posture and gait can be maintained even in the dark. The otolith system serves the latter purpose. Since the function of the semicircular canal system does not depend on gravity, it is not grossly disturbed by gravitational levels different from 1 g . The proper function of the otolith system depends entirely on the presence of a gravitational force vector of 9.8/m/sec2 direc…

Vestibular systemGravitationPhysicsHypergravityInertial frame of referencemedicine.anatomical_structureSemicircular canalWeightlessnessFixation (visual)medicineAnatomyMechanicsOtolith
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Nonlinear evolution of cosmological inhomogeneities

2008

The nonlinear evolution of a cosmologically significant fluid is studied up to shell crossing. The magnetic part of the Weyl tensor, the pressure and the vorticity vanish. A suitable spatial grid is chosen. The relativistic Ellis equations are particularized on the world lines defined by the nodes of the grid and, then, the resulting equations are numerically solved. The integrations are performed in suitable Lagrangian inertial coordinates, in which the differential equations become ordinary. After the integration, a method to change from Lagrangian to Eulerian coordinates is applied. This approach has been outlined with the essential aim of studying the evolution of large scale cosmologic…

Weyl tensorPhysicssymbols.namesakeNonlinear systemInertial frame of referenceClassical mechanicsDifferential equationsymbolsEulerian pathQuantum informationVorticityRelativistic quantum chemistry
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Convergence rate of a relaxed inertial proximal algorithm for convex minimization

2018

International audience; In a Hilbert space setting, the authors recently introduced a general class of relaxed inertial proximal algorithms that aim to solve monotone inclusions. In this paper, we specialize this study in the case of non-smooth convex minimization problems. We obtain convergence rates for values which have similarities with the results based on the Nesterov accelerated gradient method. The joint adjustment of inertia, relaxation and proximal terms plays a central role. In doing so, we highlight inertial proximal algorithms that converge for general monotone inclusions, and which, in the case of convex minimization, give fast convergence rates of values in the worst case.

[ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]Class (set theory)Control and OptimizationInertial frame of referenceLyapunov analysis0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyManagement Science and Operations Research01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakenonsmooth convex minimizationrelaxationweak-convergence0101 mathematics[MATH]Mathematics [math]point algorithmMathematics021103 operations researchWeak convergence[QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]Applied MathematicsHilbert space[MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]dynamicsmaximally monotone operatorsInertial proximal method010101 applied mathematicsMonotone polygonRate of convergenceConvex optimizationmaximal monotone-operatorssymbolsRelaxation (approximation)[MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]subdifferential of convex functionsAlgorithm
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Localization from inertial data and sporadic position measurements

2020

International audience; A novel estimation strategy for inertial navigation in indoor/outdoor environments is proposed with a specific attention to the sporadic nature of the non-periodic measurements. After introducing the inertial navigation model, we introduce an observer providing an asymptotic estimate of the plant state. We use a hybrid dynamical systems representation for our results, in order to provide an effective, and elegant theoretical framework. The estimation error dynamics with the proposed observer shows a peculiar cascaded interconnection of three subsystems (allowing for intuitive gain tuning), with perturbations occurring either on the jump or on the flow dynamics (depen…

[INFO.INFO-SY] Computer Science [cs]/Systems and Control [cs.SY]0209 industrial biotechnologyInertial frame of referenceDynamical systems theoryObserver (quantum physics)Computer science020208 electrical & electronic engineeringsampled data observer02 engineering and technologyhybrid systems020901 industrial engineering & automationExponential stabilityControl and Systems EngineeringControl theoryPosition (vector)sporadic measurementsHybrid systemLocalization[INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[INFO.INFO-SY]Computer Science [cs]/Systems and Control [cs.SY]Representation (mathematics)[INFO.INFO-AU] Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control EngineeringInertial navigation system
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Comparative Analyses between the Zero-Inertia and Fully Dynamic Models of the Shallow Water Equations for Unsteady Overland Flow Propagation

2018

The shallow water equations are a mathematical tool widely applied for the simulation of flow routing in rivers and floodplains, as well as for flood inundation mapping. The interest of many researchers has been focused on the study of simplified forms of the original set of equations. One of the most commonly applied simplifications consists of neglecting the inertial terms. The effects of such a choice on the outputs of the simulations of flooding events are controversial and are an important topic of debate. In the present paper, two numerical models recently proposed for the solution of the complete and zero-inertia forms of the shallow water equations, are applied to several unsteady f…

lcsh:Hydraulic engineeringInertial frame of referencemedia_common.quotation_subject0208 environmental biotechnologyGeography Planning and Development02 engineering and technologyAquatic ScienceInertiaBiochemistryoverland flow routingSettore ICAR/01 - IdraulicaPhysics::Fluid Dynamicslcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposeslcsh:TC1-978Geotechnical engineeringmodels comparisonShallow water equationsinertial termsshallow water equations models comparison fully dynamic model zero-inertia model inertial terms overland flow routingWater Science and Technologymedia_commonlcsh:TD201-500shallow water equationszero-inertia modelMathematical modelcivil_engineeringZero (complex analysis)Mechanicsfully dynamic model020801 environmental engineeringFlooding (computer networking)shallow water equations; models comparison; fully dynamic model; zero-inertia model; inertial terms; overland flow routingGeographyDynamic modelsSurface runoffGeologyFlow routingWater
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Validity of an inertial system for measuring velocity, force, and power during hamstring exercises performed on a flywheel resistance training device

2020

Background Inertial hamstring exercises promote functional changes leading to lower rates of hamstring injuries. However, variable training measurement systems have not been specifically validated for hamstring exercises. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the validity of the Inertial Measurement System (IMS) to measure the velocity, force, and power during the performance of different hamstring exercises on a flywheel resistance training device. Methods Fifteen males (average age: 22.4 ± 2.5 years; body mass: 77.3 ± 9.8 kg; height: 179.5 ± 7.4 cm; weekly physical activity: 434.0 ± 169.2 min; years of strength training: 4.3 ± 2.2 years) performed the bilateral stiff-leg deadlift (SD…

medicine.medical_specialtyInertial frame of referenceAnatomy and PhysiologyStrength trainingExercise testinglcsh:MedicineConcentricGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyFlywheel03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationConsistency (statistics)Inertial measurement systemmedicineEccentric030212 general & internal medicineMathematicsInertial trainingGeneral Neurosciencelcsh:R030229 sport sciencesGeneral MedicineKinesiologyPower (physics)OrthopedicsPublic HealthGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesHamstringPeerJ
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