Search results for "Infectious"

Microbial contamination of anesthetic syringes in relation to different handling habits.

2015

This single-center study prospectively assessed the microbial contamination of anesthetic syringes handled perioperatively under different conditions. We documented high rates of bacterial contamination, with strong but statistically nonsignificant differences between handling groups. Our results identify skin contact as the main source of contamination, and thus we emphasize the impact of proper hand hygiene.

SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in medical employees in a large urologic department: Spread, containment and outcome.

2021

Background The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic presents an unprecedented challenge to health care systems worldwide. Data on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a hospital is rare and outbreaks among health care professionals are complex to control. Material and Methods Over the course of 6 consecutive weeks we recorded data on an exponential outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 within our department. We reconstructed the assumed route of the spread of infection, and the employees’ acute and late symptoms. Increasing preventive measures (mandatory face masks, intense training in hygiene, physical distancing whenever possible, and termination of visits from outside the hospital) were implemented. Results Within 6 weeks, 13 em…

Onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy

2019

Diagnosis and treatment of human sparganosis

2019

Is the El Niño-Southern Oscillation likely to increase the risk of Fasciola transmission?

2007

(2007). Is the El Nino–Southern Oscillation likely to increase the risk of Fasciola transmission? Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology: Vol. 101, No. 6, pp. 555-557.

Helicobacter pyloriand Non-malignant Diseases

2008

In 2007 Helicobacter pylori research continued to deal with some controversies raised in the last decade. The main problems remain unsolved: peptic ulcer disease negative for H. pylori, synergism of H. pylori infection and aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or cyclooxygenase 2 specific inhibitors, the role of H. pylori eradication in uninvestigated and nonulcer dyspepsia, and the possible protective effect of H. pylori infection against gastroesophageal reflux disease and its complications such as Barrett's esophagus and adenocarcinoma. The incidence and prevalence of peptic ulcer disease as well as ulcer-related mortality are continuing to decline all over the world. Th…

Factors influencing vaccine uptake in Germany.

2001

While vaccines have virtually eliminated many infectious diseases in Germany, vaccination coverage in children, adolescents and adults is still unsatisfying. This situation is mainly due to inadequate remuneration of vaccination services, structural deficits in the health care system and a lack of motivation. Political support and leadership would most likely be able to change this situation.

Resistance-associated substitutions in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection

2020

Data on the prevalence of resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) and their implications for treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are sparse in European patients with HCV genotype 4. This study investigated RASs before and after DAA failure in different genotype 4 subtypes and evaluated retreatment efficacies. Samples of 195 genotype 4-infected patients were collected in the European Resistance Database and investigated for NS3, NS5A and NS5B RASs. Retreatment efficacies in DAA failure patients were analysed retrospectively. After NS5A inhibitor (NS5Ai) failure, subtype 4r was frequent (30%) compared to DAA-naive patients (5%) and the number of NS5A RASs was significantly highe…

Sequential evolution of genotype GII.4 norovirus variants causing gastroenteritis outbreaks from 2001 to 2006 in Eastern Spain.

2008

Noroviruses are the most common cause of outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis worldwide. Norovirus outbreaks were surveyed in Catalonia and the region of Valencia (Eastern Spain) between January 2001 and December 2006 as part of the European Union funded network "Food-borne viruses in Europe". During this time the etiology and epidemiological features of 194 outbreaks of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis were investigated and norovirus was identified as causing 169 (87.1%) of them. Molecular epidemiology of viral strains was studied by RT-PCR and sequencing part of the RNA polymerase gene in ORF1 from 153 outbreak strains. The most commonly identified norovirus genotype was GII.4 (71.9% of …

Direct-acting antiviral-based therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus in HIV-infected patients

2015

The aim of this review was to detail the current therapies and treatments for chronic hepatitis C virus in coinfected patients, focusing on HCV antiviral agents currently used in practice today or scheduled to enter the open market soon. Several direct-acting antiviral (DAA) combinations show high sustained virologic response (SVR) rates in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients, which are often close to those observed in HCV-monoinfected patients. Most recommendations regarding treatment stem from trials with coinfected patients. However, data are lacking for some aspects of HCV-treatment in coinfection, so extrapolations must be made from data obtained predominately from monoinfected patients. HIV/H…