Search results for "Inflammatory bowel diseases"

Azathioprine in inflammatory bowel disease: improved molecular insights and resulting clinical implications

2008

Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine represent important first-line immunosuppressive drugs in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Owing to 45 years of clinical experience with thiopurines in inflammatory bowel disease, there currently exist strong data from numerous clinical trials and meta-analyses, which clearly document the therapeutic efficacy of azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. However, the exact molecular mechanism of action of these drugs was insufficiently understood for a long time. During the last few years, important new insights into the intracellular effects of azathioprine have been gained and thiopurines have been identi…

INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AND INFGERTILITY: ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

2021

Background: inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic disorders that affect the gastrointestinal tract but which also present extraintestinal manifestations. One of the problems related to IBD is the presence of bothfemale and male infertility. Aim: determine the correlation between IBD and male and female infertility by analyzing the literature. Material and method: studies carried out in the last twenty years have been selected through the PubMed search engine. Only studies were selected that in their conclusions showed a real correlation between IBD and infertility. Results: the first cause of infetility in both sexes is related to the surgical interventions that patients have to fac…

Real-Life Use of Biosimilars in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nation-Wide Web Survey on Behalf of the SIGENP IBD Working Group

2022

Objective: The aim was to assess the awareness and real-life use of biosimilars in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) among the members of the Italian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (SIGENP). Methods: An anonymous web survey involving all SIGENP IBD units which can prescribe biosimilars was conducted between July 1st and December 1st, 2020. The questionnaire included 18 questions addressing the most relevant aspects of biosimilars in pediatric IBD, i.e., advantages, disadvantages, costs, traceability, general knowledge, and real-life use. A descriptive analysis of responses was performed. Results: Responses came from 26 pediatric IBD units in Italy, with repre…

Colonoscopic surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease: state of the art reduction of biopsies.

2011

Longstanding colitis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with an increased risk for intraepithelial neoplasia (IN). White light endoscopy (WLE) with 40–50 random biopsies has been promoted for surveillance but may miss a significant proportion of lesions. In addition, the yield of random biopsies to detect IN is low, and random biopsies are expensive, labor-intensive and distract from scrutinizing the colon. Chromoendoscopy with targeted biopsies has proven its superiority over WLE in multiple randomized trials. It has been incorporated into many national and international guidelines. Virtual chromoendoscopy techniques carry the potential to provide contrast enhancement withou…

Involvement of IL-6 in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colon Cancer

2005

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which consists of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is defined as a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinbal tract. The etiopathogenetic mechanisms underlying the development of IBD are still not completely understood, and the therapeutic strategies used thus far have been limited to mostly evidence-based principles. There is growing evidence that the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 plays a crucial part in the uncontrolled intestinal inflammatory process, which is a main characteristic of IBD. There is elevated production of IL-6 and its soluble receptor (sIL-6R) by intestinal macrophages and CD4+ T-cells. The increased formation of …

Animal Models of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

2006

Cancer in Elderly Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Study.

2016

IF 10.383; International audience; OBJECTIVES: Cancer may be a complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or its treatment. In elderly onset IBD patients the risk of malignancy is of particular concern. We studied this risk in a population-based cohort of elderly onset IBD patients.METHODS: In a French population-based cohort, we identified 844 patients aged >60 years at IBD diagnosis from 1988 to 2006, including 370 Crohn's disease (CD) and 474 ulcerative colitis (UC). We compared incidence of cancer among IBD patients with that observed in the French Network of population-based Cancer Registries (FRANCIM). Confidence interval (CI) was estimated assuming a Poisson-specific law for ra…

Anti-tumour necrosis factor-α antibodies and B cell homeostasis in human inflammatory bowel diseases

2017

Background The expression of CD70 on T cells is greatly enhanced by antigen-presenting cell (APC)-associated signals, such as tumour necrosis factor(TNF)-α, which is constitutionally high in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Experimentally, the chronic activation of CD27 as a result of the constitutive expression of CD70 leads to the demise of B cells in bone marrow (BM) and the secondary lymphoid organs. The aim of this study was to assess the number and phenotype of circulating B cell in untreated IBD patients and their counterparts treated with biological anti-TNF drugs. Methods The study involved 13 untreated IBD patients, 36 IBD patients treated with biological drugs, and…

Advanced age is an independent risk factor for severe infections and mortality in patients given anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy for inflammatory …

2011

See related article, Oostlander AE et al, on page 116 in Gastroenterology. BACKGROUND & AIMS: Few data are available on effects of biologic therapies in patients more than 65 years old with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We evaluated the risk and benefits of therapy with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors in these patients. METHODS: We collected data from patients with IBD treated with infliximab (n 2475) and adalimumab (n 604) from 2000 to 2009 at 16 tertiary centers. Ninety-five patients (3%) were more than 65 years old (52 men; 37 with ulcerative colitis and 58 with Crohn’s disease; 78 treated with infliximab and 17 with adalimumab). The control group comprised 190 patients 65 yea…

“Near-TME”: proposed standardisation of the technique for proctectomy in male patients with ulcerative colitis

2022

Abstract Background The aim of the present study was to describe in detail an approach to proctectomy in ulcerative colitis (UC), which can be standardized; near-total mesorectal excision (near-TME), to prevent injuries to autonomic pelvic nerves and subsequent sexual dysfunction. Methods We demonstrate the technique ex vivo on a cadaver from a male patient in lithotomy position and on a sagittal section of a male pelvis. We also demonstrate the technique in vivo in two male patients diagnosed with UC, with no history of sexual dysfunction or bowel neoplasia. The study was performed at the Human Embryology and Anatomy Department. University of Valencia, Spain. Results The posterolateral dis…