Search results for "Infrared"

showing 10 items of 2110 documents

The mechanically activated combustion reaction in the Fe–Si system: in situ time-resolved synchrotron investigations

2002

Mechanical high-energy ball milling of Fe+2Si elemental powder mixtures was used to activate self sustaining combustion reaction in the case of iron disilicide synthesis. The reaction path as well as the influence of the microstructural parameters on phase transformation have been investigated in detail. Time-resolved X-ray diffraction (TRXRD) using the fast recording kinetics offered by the synchrotron radiation was coupled to an infrared camera in order to study the internal structure of the combustion wave. The crystallite size and the amount of mechanically induced phases play an important role during the combustion; the reaction path and the end product composition mainly depend on the…

DiffractionMaterials scienceInfraredMechanical EngineeringMetals and AlloysSynchrotron radiationGeneral ChemistryCombustionSynchrotronlaw.inventionCrystallographyChemical engineeringMechanics of MaterialslawPhase (matter)Materials ChemistryCrystalliteBall millIntermetallics
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Thermal evolution and structural study of 2:1 mullite from monophasic gels

2006

Abstract Single phase mullite gels with composition 2Al 2 O 3 ·SiO 2 (2:1) were prepared by the slow hydrolysis method using aluminium nitrate nonahydrate and tetraethylorthosilicate as reagents. The evolution to mullite from gels was studied by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Gels thermally treated under fast schedules showed mullite formation below 900 °C. Compositional and microstructural changes in 2:1 mullites through the range of temperature from 900 to 1600 °C were determined by the measurement of lattice parameters and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The alumina-rich mullites formed at low temperatures become almost the nominal 2:1 at 1600 °C. Th…

DiffractionMaterials scienceInfraredMulliteAluminium nitrateGrain sizeCrystallographyHydrolysischemistry.chemical_compoundChemical engineeringchemistryReagentMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesSpectroscopyJournal of the European Ceramic Society
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Theoretical study of an absorbing sample in infrared near-field spectromicroscopy

2004

Abstract This paper is devoted to study the near-field spectrometry in the infrared spectral range. To understand the behavior of the infrared light diffracted by an object, numerical calculations have been carried out with Fourier Modale (FM) method within R-matrix algorithm. We consider the case of three-dimensional system including a translational symmetry in one direction, where is included an homogenous layer in which is buried an absorbing object. Using an optical near-field analysis and by calculating the electric field intensity distribution, both of the thickness effect and the lateral size of the absorbing sample are investigated. It is found that the distribution of the intensity…

DiffractionMaterials scienceInfraredbusiness.industryNear-field opticsNear and far fieldAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsDistortionElectric fieldNear-field scanning optical microscopeElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Optics Communications
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Liquid crystal spatial light modulator with very large phase modulation operating in high harmonic orders.

2013

Unusually large phase modulation in a commercial liquid crystal spatial light modulator (LCSLM) is reported. Such a situation is obtained by illuminating with visible light a device designed to operate in the infrared range. The phase modulation range reaches 6π radians in the red region of the visible spectrum and 10π radians in the blue region. Excellent diffraction efficiency in high harmonic orders is demonstrated despite a concomitant and non-negligible Fabry–Perot interference effect. This type of SLM opens the possibility to implement diffractive elements with reduced chromatic dispersion or chromatic control.

DiffractionMaterials scienceLightInfraredbusiness.industryColorEquipment DesignDiffraction efficiencyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLiquid CrystalsEquipment Failure AnalysisRefractometryOpticsOptical modulatorInterferometryDispersion (optics)Materials TestingOptoelectronicsComputer-Aided DesignScattering RadiationChromatic scalebusinessPhase modulationLightingVisible spectrumOptics letters
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Extractive-Pyrolytic Method for Au/MeO<sub>x</sub> Nanocomposites Production

2014

Au/MeOx(MeOx- SiO2, Al2O3and TiO2) nanocomposites have been produced by the extractive-pyrolytic method. An organic extract – a solution of n-trioctylammonium tetrachlorolaurate ([Oct3NH]AuCl4) in toluene – was used as a gold-containing precursor. The produced samples were analyzed by IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The performed studies have shown that the mean size of the metal crystallites vary within wide limits: on Al2O3from 60 nm to 35 nm; on SiO2from 33 nm to 23 nm; on TiO2from 50 nm to 13 nm.

DiffractionMaterials scienceNanocompositeScanning electron microscopeMechanical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopyTolueneMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMechanics of Materialsvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials ScienceCrystallitePyrolytic carbonKey Engineering Materials
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Pressure-Driven Symmetry-Preserving Phase Transitions in Co(IO3)2

2021

[EN] High-pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies of cobalt iodate, Co(IO3)(2), reveal a counterintuitive pressure-induced expansion along certain crystallographic directions. High-pressure Raman and infrared spectroscopy, combined with density-functional theory calculations, reveal that with increasing pressure, it becomes energetically favorable for certain I-O bonds to increase in length over the full range of pressure studied up to 28 GPa. This phenomenon is driven by the high-pressure behavior of iodate ion lone electron pairs. Two pressure-induced isosymmetric monoclinic-monoclinic phase transitions are observed at around 3.0 and 9.0 GPa, which are characterized by increasing o…

DiffractionPhase transitionElectron pairMaterials sciencechemistry.chemical_elementInfrared spectroscopySynchrotronSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundGeneral EnergychemistrylawChemical physicsFISICA APLICADAsymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRaman spectroscopyCobaltIodateThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Phase transitions in i-butylammonium halogenoantimonate(III) and bismuthate(III) crystals

1997

Abstract Differential scanning calorimetry, dielectric, thermal expansion, infrared and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies on i-butylammonium halogenoantimonate(III) and bismuthate(III) crystals are reported. All crystals: (i-C4H9NH3)2BiCl5, (i-C4H9NH3)2SbBr5, (i-C4H9NH3)3BiCl6, (i-C4H9NH3)3Bi2Br9, (i-C4H9NH3)3Sb2Br9, show one or more structural phase transitions of first order type. The values of the transition entropies suggest that the most of the phase transitions are of the order-disorder type. The infrared studies confirmed the contribution of the i-butylammonium cations in the phase transition mechanism.

DiffractionPhase transitionInfraredChemistryOrganic ChemistryBismuthateDielectricThermal expansionAnalytical ChemistryInorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential scanning calorimetryFourier transform infrared spectroscopySpectroscopyJournal of Molecular Structure
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Structural characterization, thermal, dielectric and spectroscopic properties of di(n-pentylammonium) pentabromoantimonate(III): [n-C5H11NH3]2[SbBr5]

2008

Abstract The di( n -pentylammonium) pentabromoantimonate(III) compound has been synthesized and studied by means of a single-crystal X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal expansion, dielectric and IR techniques. Two solid–solid phase transitions of first order: at 416/388 K and 225/224 K (heating/cooling) have been revealed. The crystal structure of [ n -C 5 H 11 NH 3 ] 2 [SbBr 5 ] has been solved at 298 K, Pna 2 1 (phase II) and at 86 K P 2 1 2 1 2 1 (phase III). The crystal structure is composed of the SbBr 5 2 - anions which form an infinite chain and four independent n -pentylammonium cations. The dielectric studies have been made in the frequency range 500 Hz–1 …

DiffractionPhase transitionInfraredChemistryOrganic ChemistryCrystal structureDielectricThermal expansionAnalytical ChemistryInorganic ChemistryCrystallographyDifferential scanning calorimetryPhase (matter)SpectroscopyJournal of Molecular Structure
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First-Order Isostructural Phase Transition Induced by High Pressure in Fe(IO3)3

2020

The high-pressure (HP) behavior of Fe(IO3)3 was studied up to 35 GPa using powder X-ray diffraction, infrared micro-spectroscopy, and ab initio density-functional theory calculations. Fe(IO3)3 show...

DiffractionPhase transitionMaterials scienceInfraredAb initio02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFirst order01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyGeneral EnergyHigh pressurePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIsostructural0210 nano-technologyThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Experimental and theoretical study to explain the morphology of CaMoO4 crystals

2018

Abstract CaMoO 4 crystals were prepared by a controlled co-precipitation method and processed in a domestic microwave-assisted hydrothermal system with two different surfactants (ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate and 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride). The corresponding structures were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement techniques, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy, and photoluminescence measurements. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the morphology of the as-synthesized aggregates. The structure, the surface stability of the (001), (112), (100), (110), (101), and (111) surfaces…

DiffractionPhotoluminescenceWulff constructionAbsorption spectroscopyRietveld refinementmicrowave-assisted hydrothermal methodAnalytical chemistryCaMoO402 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesSurface energy0104 chemical sciencesmorphologyGeneral Materials ScienceDensity functional theoryFourier transform infrared spectroscopyWulff construction0210 nano-technology
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