Search results for "Ingénieur"

showing 10 items of 48 documents

Impact behaviour of flax/epoxy composite plates

2015

This paper presents an experimental investigation of the impact behaviour of flax/epoxy composite plates submitted to low-velocity transverse impact. Low energy drop-weight impact tests have been performed on two types of quasi-isotropic flax/epoxy composites, rectangularly shaped with edges lengths of 142 mm × 94 mm and 2.85 mm thick. Residual properties have been assessed by compression after impact tests. A detailed description of damage development, especially the increase of the rear face crack with respect to the impact energy is given by the microscopic observation. The influence of impact damage on the residual strength is described. A loss of 15%–30% in compression resistance was n…

Materials scienceComposite numberDamage toleranceAerospace EngineeringOcean EngineeringBendingDamage mechanicsDamage mechanicsStructural compositesMécanique: Mécanique des matériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Composite materialSafety Risk Reliability and QualityImpact behaviourCivil and Structural EngineeringMécanique [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Mechanical EngineeringEpoxyCompression (physics)Flax fibreResidual strengthTransverse planeMechanics of Materialsvisual_artAutomotive Engineeringvisual_art.visual_art_mediumDamage toleranceInternational Journal of Impact Engineering
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A comparative study of fatigue behaviour of flax/epoxy and glass/epoxy composites

2012

Experimental investigations on flax and glass fabrics reinforced epoxy specimens, i.e. FFRE and GFRE, submitted to fatigue tests are presented in this paper. Samples having [0/90]3S and [±45]3S stacking sequences, with similar fibre volume fractions have been tested under tension–tension fatigue loading. The specific stress-number of cycles to failure (S–N) curves, show that for the [0/90]3S specimens, FFRE have lower fatigue endurance than GFRE, but the [±45]3S FFRE specimens offer better specific fatigue endurance than similar GFRE, in the studied life range (<2 × 10^6). Overall, the three-stage stiffness degradation is observed in all cases except for [0/90]3S FFRE specimens, which prese…

Materials scienceMatériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]A. Polymer–matrix composites (PMCs)[ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsGlass epoxy[ SPI.MECA.STRU ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph]02 engineering and technology[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials0203 mechanical engineeringFLAX FIBERS[SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph]B. FatigueComposite materialMécanique: Mécanique des matériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Mécanique: Mécanique des structures [Sciences de l'ingénieur]B. Mechanical propertiesGeneral EngineeringA. Glass fibresEpoxy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyStiffening020303 mechanical engineering & transportsStiffness degradationCreep[SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph]visual_art[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry[ SPI.MECA.MEMA ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph]Fatigue loadingCeramics and Compositesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumFlax fibres0210 nano-technologyCREEP
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Influence of the microstructure and laser shock processing (LSP) on the corrosion behaviour of the AA2050-T8 aluminium alloy

2011

International audience; The corrosion behaviour of AA2050-T8 was studied after polishing and after laser shock processing (LSP) treatment using the electrochemical microcell technique and the SVET. After polishing, pitting at constituent particles and intergranular corrosion were observed. By contrast, no intergranular corrosion developed after LSP. Microcell measurements revealed that LSP increases the pitting potential. SVET measurements revealed that local anodic currents are systematically lower on LSP-treated surfaces than on polished ones. The current density on the LSP-treated surface remains constant around 50 μA cm−2 up to 123 min after immersion, while on the polished surface it r…

Materials scienceMatériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Aluminium alloyGeneral Chemical EngineeringPolishing02 engineering and technologyCorrosion[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials0203 mechanical engineeringIntergranular corrosionPolarizationPitting corrosionAluminium alloyGeneral Materials SciencePitting corrosionPolarization (electrochemistry)MetallurgyAluminium alloy - Polarization - Intergranular corrosion - Pitting corrosion - Effects of strainGeneral ChemistryIntergranular corrosion021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMicrostructureEffects of strain020303 mechanical engineering & transportsvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_medium0210 nano-technologyCurrent density
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Cooperativity Scaling and Free Volume in Plasticized Polylactide

2019

The authors would like to thank the region Haute Normandie for their financial support and the acquisition of the Broadband Dielectric Spectrometer. R.G. acknowledges U.S. National Science Foundation (Grant no. DMR-1725188) for the acquisition of PAL spectrometer. The experimental evidence of the increase of activation energy associated with the super Arrhenius behavior governing amorphous polylactide by free volume variations has been obtained through a combination of calorimetric, dielectric, and positron annihilation lifetime measurements. The amount of free volume in polylactide was controlled by the amount of acetyltributylcitrate plasticizer in the composition. Plasticization is shown…

Materials scienceMatériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Polymers and Plasticsgenetic structuresThermodynamicsCooperativity02 engineering and technologyActivation energyDielectric010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsInorganic ChemistryFragilityBiopolymersmiscible polymer blendsMaterials ChemistryActivation energycharacteristic length[PHYS]Physics [physics]Drop (liquid)Organic polymersOrganic Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesAmorphous solidfragilty[CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/PolymersVolume (thermodynamics)positron-annihilationtemperature-dependence[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]0210 nano-technologyGlass transitionPlastics[PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft]dynamic heterogeneity
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Local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study of the influence of ageing in air and laser shock processing on the micro-electrochemical behaviou…

2011

International audience; In the present paper, the micro-electrochemical behaviour of AA2050-T8 in 0.1 M NaCl was first studied after polishing by means of local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy/electron dispersive spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDS). The influence of ageing in air and LSP was then investigated. Ageing in air for three months led to an increase in the charge transfer resistance. This was clearly observed in sites surrounding constituent particles where the charge transfer resistance was in the order of 1 MΩ cm2 (instead of 10-3 MΩ cm2 after polishing). Increased passivity around particles was confirmed from FE-SEM/EDS analysis. On …

Materials scienceMatériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Scanning electron microscope020209 energyGeneral Chemical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryOxidePolishing02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMicrostructureDielectric spectroscopy[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsStress (mechanics)chemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryvisual_art0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrochemistryAluminium alloyvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAluminium alloy - Capillary techniques - Corrosion - EIS - Microstructure0210 nano-technologySpectroscopy
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Generation and characterization of T40/A5754 interfaces with lasers

2014

Laser-induced reactive wetting and brazing of T40 titanium with A5754 aluminum alloy with 1.5 mm thickness was carried out in lap-joint configuration, with or without the use of Al5Si filler wire. A 2.4 mm diameter laser spot was positioned on the aluminum side to provoke spreading and wetting of the lower titanium sheet, with relatively low scanning speeds (0.1 to 0.6 m/min). Process conditions did not play a very significant role on mechanical strengths, which were shown to reach 250-300 N/mm on a large range of laser power and scanning speeds. In all cases considered, the fracture during tensile testing occurred next to the TiAl3 interface, but in the aluminum fusion zone. In a second st…

Materials scienceMatériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur][ SPI.MECA ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]Alloy[ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materialschemistry.chemical_elementLaserengineering.materialIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.invention[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsShock waveslawAluminiumBrazing[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringLaser power scalingDissimilar joiningComposite materialOptique / photonique [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Tensile testingTitaniumBond strengthMécanique [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Génie des procédés [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Metals and Alloys[ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering[SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]LaserComputer Science ApplicationschemistryModeling and SimulationaluminumCeramics and Compositesengineering[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicWetting[ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicTitanium
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Real time polarization imaging of weld pool surface

2015

The search for an efficient on-line monitoring system focused on the real-time analysis of arc welding quality is an active area of research. The topography and the superficial temperature field of the weld pool can provide important information which can be used to regulate the welding parameters for depositing consistent welds. One difficulty relies on accessing this information despite the bright dazzling welding arc. In the present work, Stokes polarimetry and associated shape-from-polarization methods are applied for the analysis of the weld pool through its 810 nm-wavelength infrared emissions. The obtained information can provide a better understanding of the process, such as the usa…

Materials scienceMatériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur][SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicAcousticsPolarimetryReal time imaging02 engineering and technologyWelding01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsOpticsThree dimensional sensinglaw0103 physical sciencesweld poolTraitement des images [Informatique]business.industryPolarization imagingPolarimetric imagingMonitoring system021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)Stokes polarimetryWeld pool[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicArc welding[ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic0210 nano-technologybusinessreal time imagingshape from polarizationthermal field
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Effect of relative humidity on carvacrol release and permeation properties of chitosan based films and coating

2014

International audience; The influence of water vapour conditions on mass transport and barrier properties of chitosan based films and coatings were studied in relation to surface and structural properties. Water contact angles, material swelling, polymer degradation temperature, barrier properties (PO2, PCO2, WVP) and aroma diffusion coefficients were determined. The solvent nature and the presence of carvacrol influenced the surface and structural properties and then the barrier performance of activated chitosan films. Increasing RH from 0% to 100% led to a significant increase in material swelling. The plasticization effect of water was more pronounced at high humid environment, while at …

Matériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Materials scienceBiopolymer[ SPI.MECA ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph][ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials02 engineering and technologyPermeabilityAnalytical Chemistry[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsDiffusionChitosanContact anglechemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyPolymer degradationmedicineOrganic chemistryRelative humidityCarvacrolContact angleSwellingChitosanActive compound releaseMécanique [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Food PackagingWaterHumidityRelative humidity04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicinePermeationPolyethylene[SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology040401 food sciencechemistryChemical engineering13. Climate actionMonoterpenesCymenesSwellingmedicine.symptom0210 nano-technologybiopolymer; relative humidity permeability; contact angle; active compound release; swellingFood Science
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La mobilité géographique des ingénieurs dans les premières années de vie professionnelle

2012

En ligne sur : http://www.cereq.fr/index.php/content/download/4871/44628/file/Relief37.pdf; National audience; Cette communication s'interroge sur les conséquences de la création des pôles de compétitivité sur la mobilité et l'insertion des diplômés des écoles d'ingénieurs. Elle utilise les données de l'enquête Génération 2004 du Céreq pour montrer que la création des pôles de compétitivité a sensiblement réduit la mobilité des jeunes ingénieurs issus des territoires correspondant à ces pôles en début de vie active. Cela s'explique en partie par une augmentation de la rémunération des jeunes ingénieurs au sein des pôles.

Mobilité géographiqueIngénieur[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationInsertion professionnelle[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationDébutantVie professionnelle
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L'emploi des ingénieurs agronomes et des travaux agricoles

1986

L'auteur présente tout d'abord de façon détaillée l'enseignement supérieur des Sciences de l'Agronomie. Après un bref historique, il rappelle les projets de réforme concernant les ENSA et les ENITA (rapports J. Mothes), puis examine les filières et les conditions d'accès aux Écoles d'Ingénieurs, ainsi que leurs effectifs, en situant ce type de formation dans le système des Grandes Écoles. L'auteur opère ensuite une synthèse des résultats obtenus à partir d'une enquête élaborée à l'initiative de la Direction Générale de l'Enseignement et de la Recherche (DGER) du Ministère de l'Agriculture et qui tente d'appréhender le devenir professionnel des ingénieurs qui sont issus des ENSA et des ENITA…

Mobilité professionnelleIngénieurEnseignemenr supérieurInsertion professionnelle[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationAgricultureFormation professionnelleFrance[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceEmploiMarché du travailIngénieur agronome
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