Search results for "Injuries"
showing 10 items of 638 documents
Fate of autologous dermal stem cells transplanted into the spinal cord after traumatic injury (TSCI)
2003
Rat dermis is a source of cells capable of growing in vitro and, in appropriate conditions, forming floating spheres constituted by nestin-positive cells. We have clonally grown these spheres up to the 15th generation. These spheres can be dissociated into cells that differentiate in vitro under appropriate conditions, these cells are labeled by antibodies to immature neuron markers such as nestin and beta-tubulin III and, later, to mature neuron markers such as microtubule-associated protein 2 and neurofilaments. However, most cells are positive to the astroglial marker glia fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). When sphere-derived cells are transplanted into the spinal cord after traumatic in…
Trends of maxillofacial trauma: An update from the prospective register of a multicenter study in emergency services of Chile
2019
Background Determine the behavior of the maxillofacial trauma of adults treated in 3 tertiary care centers in the central zone of Chile. Material and Methods Descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study, based on the prospective records of maxillofacial trauma cases attended between May 2016 and April 2017 by dental and maxillofacial clinical teams of Adult Emergency Units of hospitals Dr. Sótero del Río (metropolitan region), Carlos Van Buren and Dr. Gustavo Fricke (region V). Age, sex, date of occurrence, type of trauma according to ICD-10, etiology, legal medical prognosis and associated injuries were recorded, stratifying by sex and age. Chi square and unpaired Wilcoxon tests were us…
Altered hip control during a standing knee-lift test is associated with increased risk of knee injuries
2020
Few prospective studies have investigated hip and pelvic control as a risk factor for lower extremity (LE) injuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether deficits in hip and lumbopelvic control during standing knee lift test are associated with increased risk of acute knee and LE injuries in youth team sports. At baseline, 258 basketball and floorball players (aged 12‒21 y.) participated in a standing knee lift test using 3‐dimensional motion analysis. Two trials per leg were recorded from each participant. Peak sagittal plane pelvic tilt and frontal plane pelvic drop/hike were measured. Both continuous and categorical variables were analysed. New non‐contact LE injuries, an…
An investigation of plasma interleukin-6 in sport-related concussion
2020
Background Increasing evidence suggests inflammation is an important component of concussion pathophysiology. However, its etiology, restitution, and potential clinical repercussions remain unknown. The purpose of the current study was to compare the blood concentrations of interleukin (IL) -6, a prominent inflammatory cytokine, between healthy athletes and athletes with a sport-related concussion (SRC), while addressing the potential confounds of sex, recent physical activity, and the interacting effect of concussion history. Method A prospective, observational cohort study was conducted on athletes at a single academic institute participating across 13 interuniversity sports. Follow-up of…
Estimating global injuries morbidity and mortality
2020
Background. While there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries, modern research methods must account for the wide spectrum of disability that can occur in an injury, and must provide estimates with sufficient demographic, geographical and temporal detail to be useful for policy makers. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study used methods to provide highly detailed estimates of global injury burden that meet these criteria. Methods. In this study, we report and discuss the methods used in GBD 2017 for injury morbidity and mortality burden estimation. In summary, these methods included estimating cause-specific mortality for every cause of injury, and then est…
Neuroprotection of lipoic acid treatment promotes angiogenesis and reduces the glial scar formation after brain injury
2012
After trauma brain injury, a large number of cells die, releasing neurotoxic chemicals into the extracellular medium, decreasing cellular glutathione levels and increasing reactive oxygen species that affect cell survival and provoke an enlargement of the initial lesion. Alpha-lipoic acid is a potent antioxidant commonly used as a treatment of many degenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis or diabetic neuropathy. Herein, the antioxidant effects of lipoic acid treatment after brain cryo-injury in rat have been studied, as well as cell survival, proliferation in the injured area, gliogenesis and angiogenesis. Thus, it is shown that newborn cells, mostly corresponded with blood vessels …
Beneficial effect of dipyridyl, a liposoluble iron chelator against focal cerebral ischemia: In vivo and in vitro evidence of protection of cerebral …
2007
Whereas iron chelators were shown to induce neuroprotection against brain injury, the effect of iron chelators on ischemia-induced damage of cerebral endothelium is largely unknown. Our objective was to explore the endothelioprotective effect of the lipophilic iron chelator dipyridyl (DP) (i) in vitro on the death of cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) subjected to intracellular iron loading and (ii) in vivo on the ischemia-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. When given shortly after iron exposure or brain ischemia, DP prevented the death of CECs and diminished BBB disruption, respectively, whereas a delayed administration of DP was associated with a lower CECs protection. Interesti…
Proneurotrophin Binding to P75 Neurotrophin Receptor (P75ntr) Is Essential for Brain Lesion Formation and Functional Impairment after Experimental Tr…
2015
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates an excessive mediator release of e.g. neurotrophins, which promote neuronal survival, differentiation, and modulate synaptic plasticity. Paradoxically, mature forms of neurotrophins promote neuronal survival, whereas unprocessed forms of neurotrophins induce cell death through p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) signaling. p75NTR is widely expressed during synaptogenesis and is subsequently downregulated in adulthood. Repair mechanisms after acute cerebral insults can reactivate its expression. Therefore, the influence of p75NTR on secondary brain damage was addressed. mRNA levels of p75NTR and its ligands were quantified in brain tissue up to 7 days af…
Inhibition of Proteasomal Glucocorticoid Receptor Degradation Restores Dexamethasone-Mediated Stabilization of the Blood–Brain Barrier After Traumati…
2013
To establish the molecular background for glucocorticoid insensitivity, that is, failure to reduce edema formation and to protect blood-brain barrier integrity after acute traumatic brain injury.Controlled animal study.University research laboratory.Male C57Bl/6N mice.Mechanical brain lesion by controlled cortical impact.Our study demonstrates that 1) proteasomal glucocorticoid receptor degradation is established in brain endothelial cells after traumatic brain injury as a form of posttranslational glucocorticoid receptor modification; 2) inhibition of the proteasomal degradation pathway with bortezomib (0.2 mg/kg) in combination with the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (10 mg/kg) by subcutane…
Assessment of the structural validity of three foot and ankle specific patient-reported outcome measures
2020
Background: The structural validity of the Lower extremity functional scale (LEFS), the Visual analogue scale foot and ankle (VAS-FA), and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) has not been compared earlier in patients after foot and ankle surgery. Methods: Altogether 165 previously operated patients completed the foot and ankle specific instruments, the 15D health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument, and general health (VAS). Results: The LEFS, the VAS-FA and the WOMAC had slight differences in their measurement properties. The VAS-FA had the best targeting and coverage. All three foot and ankle measures accounted for mobility and usual activitie…