Search results for "Insect Science"
showing 10 items of 1011 documents
Diversity of ankA and msp4 genes of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Slovenia.
2015
Granulocytic anaplasmosis is a tick transmitted emerging disease in Europe and worldwide. The agent, Anaplasma phagocytophilum is transmitted by ticks of the genus Ixodes and causes infections in humans and domestic animals. The analysis of different target genes showed that in nature several genetic variants of A. phagocytophilum were present. The purpose of our study was to genetically characterize A. phagocytophilum strains from eight humans, 16 dogs, 12 wild boars, one bear and 18 tick pools from Slovenia. Therefore, the ankA and msp4 genes of A. phagocytophilum were chosen. The same genetic ankA and msp4 variant of A. phagocytophilum was detected in humans, wild boar and a part of the …
Effects of a new IGR-ovicide on a heteropteran (Oncopeltus fasciatusDallas) and lepidopteran (Manduca sextaJohansen) insect
1987
A new insect ovicide (Ov. 165049), 4-methoxy-benzoic acid propargylester, synthesized by BASF (Ludwigshafen) was tested on Oncopeltus fasciatus and Manduca sexta. In the case of O. fasciatus also the effects on last-instar larvae and adult bugs were studied. Topical application of 40 μg/larva dissolved in acetone caused a mortality exceeding 50% at day 1 after treatment. The few animals which developed into imagines did not reproduce. A treatment with 4 μg/larva had no severe impact on metamorphosis and reproduction. Adult O. fasciatus received doses of 40 μg, 20 μg and 4 μg per animal. The high dose caused mortality of 50% at day 1 as in larvae. Mating and egg deposition did not occur in s…
Prove di Lotta Contro ilPrays citri Mill. a mezzo diBacillus thuringiensis
1966
For the first time the Authors have proved in the laboratory and in the fieldB. thuringiensis against the citrus-flower moth (Prays citriMill.) successfully.
The pea aphid phylome: a complete catalogue of evolutionary histories and arthropod orthology and paralogy relationships for Acyrthosiphon pisum genes
2010
Phylogenetic analyses serve many purposes, including the establishment of orthology relationships, the prediction of protein function and the detection of important evolutionary events. Within the context of the sequencing of the genome of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, we undertook a phylogenetic analysis for every protein of this species. The resulting phylome includes the evolutionary relationships of all predicted aphid proteins and their homologues among 13 other fully-sequenced arthropods and three out-group species. Subsequent analyses have revealed multiple gene expansions that are specific to aphids and have served to transfer functional annotations to 4058 pea aphid genes tha…
Two mitochondrial haplotypes inPterochloroides persicae(Hemiptera: Aphididae: Lachninae) associated with different feeding sites
2012
Pterochloroides persicae (Cholodkovsky) is an aphid species belonging to the subfamily Lachninae that uses different members of Rosaceae (specially Prunus spp.) as hosts. Partial sequences from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) and the nuclear long-wave opsin genes were obtained for approximately 100 P. persicae aphid individuals sampled from 34 colonies collected mainly in Tunisia and other Mediterranean locations. The variability found at the mitochondrial locus revealed the presence of two maternal haplotypes in the studied area that differed in a single nucleotide. The nuclear gene analyzed, however, failed to reveal any variability in this species. The variability found at…
Large-scale migration synchrony between parasitoids and their host
2015
1. Parasitoids are a valuable group for conservation biological control. In their role as regulators of aphid pests, it is critical that their lifecycle is synchronised with their hosts in both space and time. This is because a synchronised parasitoid community is more likely to strengthen the overall conservation biological control effect, thus damping aphid numbers and preventing potential outbreaks. One component of this host–parasitoid system was examined, that of migration, and the hypothesis that peak summer parasitoid and host migrations are synchronised in time was tested. 2. Sitobion avenae Fabricius and six associated parasitoids were sampled from 1976 to 2013 using 12.2-m suction…
Ecology of the aphid pests of protected pepper crops and their parasitoids
2011
Abstract Myzus persicae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Aphis gossypii and Aulacorthum solani (Homoptera: Aphididae) are principal pests of protected pepper crops in southeastern Spain. Our goal was to determine the incidence of aphids on pepper crops and the role of vegetation surrounding greenhouses as a source of aphids and their parasitoids. The population dynamics were followed in six commercial greenhouses during 3 years. Another 82 greenhouses and their surrounding vegetation were surveyed occasionally. Myzus persicae had the highest incidence in pepper greenhouses followed by M. euphorbiae and A. solani. Parasitism of all aphid species in greenhouses was low, Aphidius matricariae and Aphid…
Description ofPauesia (Pauesia)anatolica (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) sp. nov., a parasitoid of the cedar aphidCinara cedri
2005
The first parasitoid species reared from a population of the cedar aphid,Cinara cedri Mimeur, 1935 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), from the peninsula of Anatolia in Turkey is described.Pauesia anatolica (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) is closely related to some species of thelaricis group ofPauesia from which it differs in the number of antenomers, the propodeum and features of the female genitalia. Its potential use as a natural enemy in areas where the aphid has been introduced is discussed.
Qualitative Analysis of Aphid and Primary Parasitoid Trophic Relations of Genus <I>Alloxysta</I> (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Cha…
2014
Charipinae hyperparasitoids affect effectiveness of the primary parasitoids of aphids by decreasing their abundance and modifying their behavior. As a result, increase of aphid populations can cause severe yield losses in some crops. Therefore, ecological studies on the subfamily Charipinae have a great economical and biological importance. Host specificity of these hyperparasitoids is still under debate and for many Charipinae species very little is known about their trophic relations. Here, we give a comprehensive overview of the trophic relationships between the Charipinae species of the genus Alloxysta Forster and their aphid and primary parasitoids hosts, worldwide. Within this subfami…
Change in take-off elevation angle after limb autotomy mitigates the reduction in jumping distance in rice grasshoppersOxya yezoensis
2013
Autotomy is the ability to spontaneously self-amputate a limb or other appendage, often as a reflexive action. This limb amputation typically occurs as a specialized defensive response to an attack from a predator and thereby enables the prey to escape from predation. Despite the benefits of escape, autotomized organisms lose the body part and its associated function. Here, we investigated the jumping behavior and performance of one-leg-autotomized and intact rice grasshoppers, Oxya yezoensis, to examine changes in jumping behavior after autotomy. The take-off elevation of autotomized grasshoppers was 7.8° lower than in intact grasshoppers, resulting in nearly a 45° angle of take-off, which…