Search results for "Insect Science"

Effects of the introduction of a biocontrol strain of Trichoderma atroviride on non target soil micro-organisms

2009

International audience; The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of the application of an antagonistic strain of Trichoderma atroviride on the native microbial soil communities. The structures of the fungal and bacterial communities were assessed by T-RFLP (terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism) method, based on T-RFLP analysis of 18S and 16S rRNA genes, respectively. Results showed that the introduction of the strain I-1237 into two soils slightly modified the microbial diversity, only for a short period of time. Nine months post-inoculation resilience took place, resulting in similar structures of the fungal and bacterial communities in the inoculated and cont…

The Tegument Protein pp65 of Human Cytomegalovirus Acts as an Optional Scaffold Protein That Optimizes Protein Uploading into Viral Particles

2014

ABSTRACT The mechanisms that lead to the tegumentation of herpesviral particles are only poorly defined. The phosphoprotein 65 (pp65) is the most abundant constituent of the virion tegument of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). It is, however, nonessential for virion formation. This seeming discrepancy has not met with a satisfactory explanation regarding the role of pp65 in HCMV particle morphogenesis. Here, we addressed the question of how the overall tegument composition of the HCMV virion depended on pp65 and how the lack of pp65 influenced the packaging of particular tegument proteins. To investigate this, we analyzed the proteomes of pp65-positive (pp65pos) and pp65-negative (pp65neg) viri…

Abstracts of papers presented at the 7th International Symposium of Scale Insect Studies (ISSIS-VII)

1994

Biology and behavior of Metaphycus angustifrons Compere (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a newly discovered parasitoid of soft scale insects (Hemiptera: Co…

2011

Abstract Metaphycus angustifrons Compere has recently been found to be the most abundant parasitoid of brown soft scale, Coccus hesperidum L., in southern California. In laboratory experiments we examined several biological parameters of this species. M. angustifrons both oviposits and host feeds in brown soft scale and is a facultatively gregarious endoparasitoid of this soft scale insect. In contrast with other Metaphycus spp., M. angustifrons is a koinobiont parasitoid, allowing its host to grow up to 40% beyond its size at parasitism. Despite its high abundance on brown soft scale in the field, in the laboratory, high rates of parasitoid egg encapsulation are observed; about half of par…

Intestinal helminths of a landlocked ringed seal (Phoca hispida saimensis) population in eastern Finland.

2003

A small, landlocked, endangered ringed seal (Phoca hispida saimensis) population lives as a postglacial relict in Lake Saimaa in eastern Finland. In this study, the intestinal metazoans were examined from a total of 61 Saimaa seals found dead from 1981 to 2001. The helminth fauna was very depauperate. Only one acanthocephalan species, Corynosoma magdaleni, has been able to survive during isolation in the freshwater environment. In addition, only two cestode species were found: Diphyllobothrium ditretum and Schistocephalus sp. However, neither of these larvae developed in the ringed seals. As the newborn pups of Saimaa seals are nursed for about 2 months only one of them was infected by C. m…

Corynosoma acanthocephalans in their paratenic fish hosts in the northern Baltic Sea

2003

En 1996-1997, nous avons etudie les stages cystacanthes de trois especes de Corynosoma (Acanthocephala), C. strumosum et C. semerme, ainsi qu'une nouvelle espece C. magdaleni parasite du chabot a quatre cornes (Myoxocephalus quadricornis) dans le golfe de Bothnie. Les longueurs du tronc et du proboscis permettent de differencier les trois especes de parasites. La stabilite temporelle de l'infection par Corynosoma est etudiee en comparant nos resultats a ceux obtenus dans la meme zone geographique centrale et cotiere) en 1977-1982 (Valtonen, 1983a). Comme C. magdaleni et C. strumosum n'etaient pas differenciees a cette epoque, elles ont ete groupees sous l'appellation "C. strumosum" pour les…

The impact of wood-derived biochar on the survival of Trichoderma spp. and growth of Secale cereale L. in sandy soil

2018

The interrelations between biochar (BC) and soil microbiota remain unclear. Addressing this will be important for understanding how BC affects soil properties and plant growth. Here, we tested the ...

Effect of thermal treatments on vitality and physical characteristics of bean, chickpea and lentil

2012

Thermal disinfestation treatments are relatively easy to apply, leave no chemical residues and may have some fungicidal activity. However, temperature and time combinations required to kill insect pests may meet or exceed those that reduce the viability of seeds, nutrients content, shelf life or technological characteristics. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of thermal treatments (different temperature and time combinations) on physical and biological characteristics of bean, chickpea and lentil. Seed samples of common bean, chickpea and lentil were treated at low (12, 24 or 48 h at −18 °C) or high (30, 60 or 90 min at 60 °C) temperature. Seed germination, mean germinatio…

Transmission of PPV-M to Prunus persica by Brachycaudus schwartzi and Phorodon Humuli (Hem. Aphididae)

2004

Aphids are reported to be vectors of the most serious viral pathogen of the drupaceous species plum pox virus (PPV), but there is little direct experimental evidence of this. PPV (serotype M) is widespread in peach orchards even where there are severe control measures. Laboratory bioassays were conducted to study, under controlled conditions, the ability of Brachycaudus schwartzi (Borner) and Phorodon humuli (Schrank) to transmit PPV (serotype M). The results have shown that all the peach trees tested had evident symptoms of sharka and were positive to the RT-PCR analysis, confirming the ability of these two aphid species to transmit the virus.

A Bacillus thuringiensis strain producing epizootics on Plodia interpunctella: A case study

2012

Abstract After several disease outbreaks in laboratory cultures of pyralid moths in Tabriz University, Iran, during 2004 and 2005, a new Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai strain EF495116 (BTA) was isolated from a dead Plodia interpunctella larva. A complete characterization of the strain was performed, including serological identification, protein and plasmid pattern determination, a PCR-based identification of virulence-related genes, nucleotide sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA and gyrB genes (in order to find out relationships between the species with other virulent Bacillus pathogens), and biological activity assays. These studies revealed that BTA produced a major parasporal protein band …