Search results for "Insectes"
showing 10 items of 21 documents
Electrostatic Tuning of the Ligand Binding Mechanism by Glu27 in Nitrophorin 7
2018
AbstractNitrophorins (NP) 1–7 are NO-carrying heme proteins found in the saliva of the blood-sucking insect Rhodnius prolixus. The isoform NP7 displays peculiar properties, such as an abnormally high isoelectric point, the ability to bind negatively charged membranes, and a strong pH sensitivity of NO affinity. A unique trait of NP7 is the presence of Glu in position 27, which is occupied by Val in other NPs. Glu27 appears to be important for tuning the heme properties, but its influence on the pH-dependent NO release mechanism, which is assisted by a conformational change in the AB loop, remains unexplored. Here, in order to gain insight into the functional role of Glu27, we examine the ef…
First finding of Ityogonimus lorum and I. ocreatus co-infection in the Iberian mole, Talpa occidentalis.
2018
Abstract The Ityogonimus lorum-I. ocreatus co-infection is reported for the first time in the Iberian mole Talpa occidentalis in Asturias (NW Spain). Both Ityogonimus species are stenoxenous helminths of insectivores of the genus Talpa and they have often been found parasitizing the Iberian mole and also the European mole T. europaea, but a mixed infection had not been previously reported. The present study also highlights the main differential morphometric characteristics between I. lorum and I. ocreatus such as the body length, the ventral sucker diameter, the ratio between suckers and the distance between suckers.
Approche fonctionnelle de la diversité des communautés d’insectes pollinisateurs en milieu agricole
2013
Rapport de stage de Master 1 EcolDur; Les pratiques agriculturales intensives ont conduit à un fort déclin des insectes pollinisateurs en Europe par l’utilisation abusive de pesticides, la fragmentation et la destruction des habitats naturels. Parallèlement, l’effondrement de la diversité des adventices (mauvaises herbes des cultures) observé, se traduit pour les pollinisateurs par une forte diminution de la diversité des ressources florales comme le pollen et le nectar. Le but de cette étude est d’étudier les relations existant entre la diversité fonctionnelle des pollinisateurs et celle des communautés végétales pollinisées en milieu agricole. Cette approche fonctionnelle peut permettre d…
Chemosensory Receptors in the Larval Maxilla of Papilio hospiton
2022
Among the butterflies of the genus Papilio (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), Papilio hospiton (Géné) has a geographical distribution limited to the Mediterranean islands of Sardinia (Italy) and Corsica (France). This is mainly due to the host range that includes only a few plant species of Apiaceae and Rutaceae growing on these islands. In a previous electrophysiological investigation conducted on the maxillary gustatory system of larvae of P. hospiton and its closely phylogenetically related species Papilio machaon, a significantly higher spike activity was shown for the gustatory neurons of lateral and medial styloconic sensilla in P. hospiton when bitter compounds were tested. This effect was…
Diversity and distribution of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of the Tormes river basin (western Spain)
2022
To enhance the partial knowledge on blackfly (Diptera: Simuliidae) fauna in Spain it is crucial to collect all the available data on this group to better understand their ecology and distribution over the years. This study presents data from samples collected along the Tormes river basin (western Spain) during the years 1988, 1989 and 1996 and then stored at the University of Salamanca. As a result of a research stay, a total of 19 species belonging to 3 genera (Prosimulium, Metacnephia and Simulium) and 5 Simulium subgenera (Boophthora, Eusimulium, Nevermannia, Simulium and Wilhelmia) were identified after examining 64% of the stored material, representing 35% of the species known from Sp…
Dinosaur bonebed amber from an original swamp forest soil
2021
AbstractDinosaur bonebeds with amber content, yet scarce, offer a superior wealth and quality of data on ancient terrestrial ecosystems. However, the preserved palaeodiversity and/or taphonomic characteristics of these exceptional localities had hitherto limited their palaeobiological potential. Here we describe the amber from the Lower Cretaceous dinosaur bonebed of Ariño (Teruel, Spain) using a multidisciplinary approach. Amber is found in both a root layer with amber strictly in situ and a litter layer namely composed of aerial pieces unusually rich in bioinclusions, encompassing 11 insect orders, arachnids, and a few plant and vertebrate remains, including a feather. Additional palaeont…
Pesticides ou phytosanitaires ? Allons au-delà des mots
2020
National audience
Effect of host plant quality on male sexual performances and consequences on female reproductive output in a phytophagous moth
2016
The abundance of phytophagous insects is determined by numerous interacting biotic and abiotic factors. In capital-breeding phytophagous insects, larval host plant quality is a key determinant of the adult phenotype and the performance of both males and females. Curiously, if the effect of host plant quality on female reproductive success is well-established, little effort has been conducted to determine this effect on male reproductive success. Moreover, in Lepidoptera, males transfer to females a spermatophore containing sperm and accessory gland products rich in nutrients that could be reinvested into female reproduction. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate how male larval nutrition o…
Contrôle des ravageurs de cultures par les ennemis naturels : la plante hôte facteur régulateur du système immunitaire des chenilles de vers de la gr…
2013
10 pages; National audience; En raison des nombreux dégâts occasionnés par les vers de la grappe dans les vignobles, trouver un moyen de lutte efficace est devenu un réel challenge. A l’heure actuelle, la lutte biologique apparaît comme une alternative possible à la lutte chimique. Cependant, les résultats obtenus suite aux lâchers de parasitoïdes sont extrêmement variables dans leur efficacité. Des études approfondies de la biologie des vers de la grappe et de leurs parasitoïdes sont donc nécessaires afin d’affiner les méthodes de lutte biologique. Le système immunitaire des insectes représente la dernière ligne de défense des phytophages contre les parasitoïdes. Dans cette étude nous mett…
First report of Antigastra catalaunalis on sesame in Greece.
2017
Τον Αύγουστο του 2016, καταγράφηκαν σοβαρές προσβολές σε καλλιέργειες σουσαμιού από το έντομο Antigastra catalaunalis (Duponchel) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) σε αγροτικές περιοχές της Περιφερειακής Ενότητας Δράμας. Το A. catalaunalis είναι ένας σημαντικός εχθρός της καλλιέργειας του σουσαμιού σε περιοχές όπου αυτό καλλιεργείται. Παρατηρήθηκαν συμπτώματα προσβολής από τις προνύμφες του εντόμου σε φύλλα, βλαστούς και κάψες. Οι προσβολές καταγράφηκαν σε όλους τους αγρούς με καλλιέργεια σουσαμιού που επιθεωρήθηκαν, με επίπεδα προσβολής υψηλά τα οποία προκάλεσαν οικονομική απώλεια. Στο βαθμό που γνωρίζουμε, αυτή είναι η πρώτη αναφορά σοβαρών προσβολών σουσαμιού από το Α. catalaunalis στην Ελλάδα.