Search results for "Instrumentation"
showing 10 items of 4914 documents
Single-channel and two-channel methods for land surface temperature retrieval from DAIS data and its application to the Barrax site
2004
In this paper, a methodology using a single-channel and a two-channel method is presented to estimate the land surface temperature from the DAIS (Digital Airborne Imaging Spectrometer) thermal channels 74 (8.747 µm), 75 (9.648 µm), 76 (10.482 µm), 77 (11.266 µm), 78 (11.997 µm) and 79 (12.668 µm). The land surface temperature retrieved with both methods has been validated over the Barrax site (Albacete, Spain) in the framework of the DAISEX (Digital Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Experiment) field campaigns. Prior to the validation an analysis of the DAIS data quality has been performed in order to check the agreement between in situ data and the values extracted from the DAIS images supplie…
Assessing the performance of thermal inertia and Hydrus models to estimate surface soil water content
2017
The knowledge of soil water content (SWC) dynamics in the upper soil layer is important for several hydrological processes. Due to the difficulty of assessing the spatial and temporal SWC dynamics in the field, some model-based approaches have been proposed during the last decade. The main objective of this work was to assess the performance of two approaches to estimate SWC in the upper soil layer under field conditions: the physically-based thermal inertia and the Hydrus model. Their validity was firstly assessed under controlled laboratory conditions. Thermal inertia was firstly validated in laboratory conditions using the transient line heat source (TLHS) method. Then, it was applied in…
Beta-decay of light nuclei close to the proton drip-line: 40Ti and 35Ca
1998
The s-decay of40Ti and35Ca have been studied at the LISE3 spectrometer at GANIL. The decay schemes were deduced from the observed s-delayed proton and γ emission of40Ti and35Ca into the ground and first excited states of39Ca and34Ar, respectively. The Gamow-Teller strength functionB(GT) of the40Ti s-decay extracted from the s-decay branching ratios and the precisely measured40Ti half-life, provides for the first time an experimental calibration of the neutrino detection efficiency for the ICARUS solar neutrino detector.
A gated material as immunosensor for in-tissue detection of IDH1-R132H mutation in gliomas
2021
[EN] A nanodevice consisted on nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) supports functionalized with specific and selective antibody-based gatekeepers for the detection of IDH1-R132H mutant enzyme is here reported. Molecular profile and tissue mutations of the tumours (such as IDH1/IDH2 mutations in gliomas) are a great source of information that already make a difference in terms of prognosis and prediction of response to combined therapy. However, standardized methodologies to determine this mutation are time-consuming and cannot provide information before or during surgical intervention, which significantly limits their utility in terms of intraoperative decisionmaking. To solve this limitation, …
Development of a Textile Nanocomposite as Naked Eye Indicator of the Exposition to Strong Acids
2017
[EN] Chemical burns, mainly produced by acids, are a topic of concern. A new sensing material for the detection of strong acids able to be incorporated into textiles has been developed. The material is prepared by the covalent attachment of 2,2 ',4,4 ',4 ''-pentamethoxy triphenyl methanol to a mesoporous material which further is included in a nitro resin to obtain a colourless composite. The response of this composite to diverse acid solutions was tested showing the appearance of an intense purple colour (with a colour difference higher than 160) that can be monitored by the naked eye or could be easily digitised to feed an instrumental sensor. Reversibility and resistance to washing cycle…
Quantitative colorimetric-imaging analysis of nickel in iron meteorites.
2011
A quantitative analytical imaging approach for determining the nickel content of metallic meteorites is proposed. The approach uses a digital image of a series of standard solutions of the nickel-dimethylglyoxime coloured chelate and a meteorite sample solution subjected to the same treatment as the nickel standards for quantitation. The image is processed with suitable software to assign a colour-dependent numerical value (analytical signal) to each standard. Such a value is directly proportional to the analyte concentration, which facilitates construction of a calibration graph where the value for the unknown sample can be interpolated to calculate the nickel content of the meteorite. The…
Isomer effects in fragmentation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
2015
We have observed significant differences in the fragmentation patterns of isomeric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) cations following collisions with helium atoms at center-of-mass energies around 100 eV. This is in contrast to the situation at other collision energies or in photo-absorption experiments where isomeric effects are very weak and where the lowest-energy dissociation channels (H- and C2H2-loss) domihate in statistical fragmentation processes. In the 100 eV range, non-statistical fragmentation also competes and is uniquely linked to losses of single carbon atoms (CHx-losses). We find that such CHx-losses are correlated with the ionic ground state energy within a given group…
Flying laser spot thermography for the inspection of aerospace grade Fibre Metal Laminates
2017
This work analyses a Non Destructive Testing approach for the detection of interlayer disbonds in aerospace grade Fibre Metal Laminates (FMLs). The NDT setup consists of a continuous laser, focused and moved over the material surface, while an IR thermal camera acquires its thermal footprint. A numerical model of the NDT setup is presented, where the material thermal response is analysed to evaluate the features of the defects signatures. In particular, the response from various types of FMLs is evaluated.
Exploring the atomic structure of 1.8 nm monolayer-protected gold clusters with aberration-corrected STEM
2017
Abstract Monolayer-protected (MP) Au clusters present attractive quantum systems with a range of potential applications e.g. in catalysis. Knowledge of the atomic structure is needed to obtain a full understanding of their intriguing physical and chemical properties. Here we employed aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (ac-STEM), combined with multislice simulations, to make a round-robin investigation of the atomic structure of chemically synthesised clusters with nominal composition Au 144 (SCH 2 CH 2 Ph) 60 provided by two different research groups. The MP Au clusters were “weighed” by the atom counting method, based on their integrated intensities in the high …
Advanced Spectroscopic Detectors for Identification and Quantification
2013
The coupling of vibration spectroscopic detectors to liquid chromatography (LC) is an interesting analytical tool that allows combining high resolution from LC with molecular specific information accessible by infrared (IR) and Raman spectrometry. This chapter describes the basics of IR and Raman spectroscopy with a special emphasis on the advantages and pitfalls of these detection techniques in LC. Two fundamentally different coupling approaches, namely, off-line hyphenation involving the physical elimination of the mobile phase and on-line hyphenation through the use of flow cells, are discussed in detail, describing the most important interfaces and diverse practical applications. Strate…