Search results for "Instrumentation"

showing 10 items of 4914 documents

The THESEUS space mission concept: science case, design and expected performances

2018

THESEUS is a space mission concept aimed at exploiting Gamma-Ray Bursts for investigating the early Universe and at providing a substantial advancement of multi-messenger and time-domain astrophysics. These goals will be achieved through a unique combination of instruments allowing GRB and X-ray transient detection over a broad field of view (more than 1sr) with 0.5¿1 arcmin localization, an energy band extending from several MeV down to 0.3¿keV and high sensitivity to transient sources in the soft X-ray domain, as well as on-board prompt (few minutes) follow-up with a 0.7¿m class IR telescope with both imaging and spectroscopic capabilities. THESEUS will be perfectly suited for addressing …

IonizationAtmospheric Sciencecosmological modelCherenkov Telescope Array[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]AstronomyDark ageMASSIVE SINGLE STARSStar formation rates Gamma ray01 natural sciencesCosmology: observationlocalizationlaw.inventionAstrophysicEinstein Telescopeobservational cosmologylawObservational cosmologyRe-ionizationCosmology: observations; Dark ages; First stars; Gamma-ray: bursts; Re-ionizationLIGOobservations [Cosmology]Telescope010303 astronomy & astrophysicsHigh sensitivityHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsMulti-wavelengthenergy: highsezelegamma-ray burstsCosmology: observationsCosmology: observations; Dark ages; First stars; Gamma-ray: bursts; Re-ionization; Aerospace Engineering; Space and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsimagingstar: formationburst [Gamma-ray]observatoryGeophysicsDark agesX rays Cosmology: observationAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenasignatureStarTIDAL DISRUPTIONGamma-ray: burstAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaSIMILAR-TO 6Socio-culturaleFOS: Physical sciencesAerospace EngineeringGamma-ray: burstsobservation [Cosmology]galaxy: luminosityX-ray astronomy: instrumentation7 CANDIDATE GALAXIESAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicsgamma ray: burst114 Physical sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica della MateriaTelescopeX-raybursts [Gamma-ray]FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICASettore FIS/05 - Astronomia e AstrofisicaFirst star0103 physical sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]KAGRAInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsFirst starsLIGHT CURVESEinstein Telescope010308 nuclear & particles physicsGravitational wavegravitational radiationAstronomyAstronomy and Astrophysics115 Astronomy Space scienceCherenkov Telescope ArrayredshiftsensitivityRedshiftNEUTRON-STAR MERGERmessengerVIRGOelectromagneticLUMINOSITY FUNCTIONSpace and Planetary ScienceBLACK-HOLEGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesGamma-ray burst[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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Optimization of a hot-cavity type resonant ionization laser ion source

2015

TuePS05; International audience; Resonant Ionization Laser Ion Source (RILIS) is nowadays an important technique in many RadioactiveIon Beam (RIB) facilities for its reliability and ability to ionize efficiently and element selectively.Grand Accélérateur National d’Ions Lourds (GANIL) Ion Source using Electron Laser Excitation(GISELE) is an off-line test bench for RILIS developed to study a fully operational resonant laserion source at GANIL facility. The ion source body has been designed as a modular system toinvestigate different experimental approaches by varying the design parameters, to develop the futureon-line laser ion source. The aim of this project is to determine the best technic…

IonizationMaterials scienceIon beamAtomic Ionization[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph]CyclotronElectron01 natural sciences7. Clean energylaw.inventionIon BeamsPhysics::Plasma PhysicslawIonization0103 physical sciencesIon sourcesThermal emittance010306 general physicsLaser system designInstrumentation010302 applied physicsLaserIon sourcePhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsExcitation
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Radiation effects on optical frequency domain reflectometry fiber-based sensor

2015

International audience; We investigate the radiation effects on germanosilicate optical fiber acting as the sensing element of optical frequency domain reflectometry devices. Thanks to a new setup permitting to control temperature during irradiation, we evaluate the changes induced by 10 keV x rays on their Rayleigh response up to 1 MGy in a temperature range from −40°C up to 75°C. Irradiation at fixed temperature points out that its measure is reliable during both irradiation and the recovery process. Mixed temperature and radiation measurements show that changing irradiation temperature leads to an error in distributed measurements that depends on the calibration procedure. These results …

Ionizing radiationMaterials scienceOptical fiberPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors02 engineering and technologyRayleigh scatteringRadiation01 natural scienceslaw.inventionScattering010309 opticssymbols.namesakeOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesRayleighIrradiationElectroniqueRayleigh scatteringReflectometryRadiationbusiness.industryFiber optics sensorsdistributed fiber optics sensorAtmospheric temperature rangeDistributed acoustic sensing021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsFiber optic sensoroptical frequency domain reflectometrysymbols0210 nano-technologybusinesstemperature sensingOptics Letters
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The Determination of the Reaction Rate for the First Step in a Consecutive Reaction A → B → C by Absorbance Measurements Using the Wavelength of the …

1977

Kinetic experiments are often followed by spectroscopic measurements in the visible or near ultraviolet region. The advantage is not only that the results can be recorded continuously, which makes very fast reactions accessible, but also that very low concentrations of substrates can be used. This means that only very small amounts are required and, more important perhaps, that reagents can be used in excess. Thus pseudomonomolecular conditions and first-order kinetics often can be achieved easily.

Isosbestic pointReaction rateAbsorbanceWavelengthChemistryReagentKineticsAnalytical chemistryNear ultravioletKinetic energyInstrumentationSpectroscopyApplied Spectroscopy
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Isotope shifts and hyperfine structure in the transitions of stable calcium isotopes and calcium-41

1998

Isotope shifts and hyperfine structure in the 4s2 1S0 → 4s4p 1P1 and 4s2 1S0 → 4s4d 1D2 transitions of calcium have been measured with high-precision laser spectroscopy. Calcium atoms in an atomic beam were excited with single-frequency cw dye and titanium sapphire lasers and then photoionized with the 363.8 nm or 514.5 nm line of an argon ion laser. The resulting ions were analyzed and detected with a quadrupole mass spectrometer. Isotope shifts for all stable calcium isotopes and the radionuclide 41Ca have been measured in both transitions. The corresponding field shift and specific mass shift coefficients as well as hyperfine structure constants for the isotopes 41, 43Ca have been derive…

IsotopeChemistryAnalytical chemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMolecular electronic transitionAnalytical ChemistryIsotopes of calciumExcited statePhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsAtomic vapor laser isotope separationSpectroscopyInstrumentationHyperfine structureQuadrupole mass analyzerSpectroscopySpectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
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Laser spectroscopy of radioactive Ti, Zr and Hf isotopes and isomers at the JYFL laser-IGISOL facility

2003

Abstract The recent progress at the laser-ion guide isotope separator on-line facility, JYFL, is presented. At the facility new techniques for studying short-lived radioisotopes by laser spectroscopy have been developed and applied to the study of isotopes in refractory metal elements. In particular, recent results on the spectroscopy of cooled ion beams of radioactive Ti, Zr and Hf isotopes are discussed.

IsotopeChemistryRadiochemistryAnalytical chemistryRefractory metalsLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFluorescence spectroscopyAnalytical ChemistryIonlaw.inventionlawPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsNuclear ExperimentSpectroscopyInstrumentationSpectroscopySeparator (electricity)Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
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High-resolution triple-resonance autoionization of uranium isotopes

2005

Abstract The near-threshold autoionization (AI) spectrum of uranium has been investigated by triple-resonance excitation with single-mode continuous lasers. Spectra were recorded over the first ∼30 cm − 1 above the first ionization limit at a resolution of 3 × 10 − 4 cm − 1 using intermediate states with different J values (6, 7, 8) to assign AI level total angular momentum J AI  = 5 to 9. Resonances with widths ranging from 8 MHz to 30 GHz were observed; the strongest ones have J AI  = 9 and widths of ∼60 MHz. Hyperfine structures for 235 U and isotope shifts for 234, 235 U have been measured in the two intermediate levels and in the final AI level for the most favorable excitation path. T…

IsotopeIsotopes of uraniumChemistryAnalytical chemistryResonancechemistry.chemical_elementUraniumAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineAnalytical ChemistryAutoionizationIonizationAtomic physicsInstrumentationHyperfine structureSpectroscopySpectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
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Searches for small-scale anisotropies from neutrino point sources with three years of IceCube data

2015

Recently, IceCube found evidence for a diffuse signal of astrophysical neutrinos in an energy range of $60\,\mathrm{TeV}$ to the $\mathrm{PeV}$-scale. The origin of those events, being a key to understanding the origin of cosmic rays, is still an unsolved question. So far, analyses have not succeeded to resolve the diffuse signal into point-like sources. Searches including a maximum-likelihood-ratio test, based on the reconstructed directions and energies of the detected down- and up-going neutrino candidates, were also performed on IceCube data leading to the exclusion of bright point sources. In this paper, we present two methods to search for faint neutrino point sources in three years o…

J.2Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayScale (descriptive set theory)AstrophysicsIceCubelaw.inventionTelescopelawPoint (geometry)Anisotropyastro-ph.HE2pt-correlationHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenology2pt-correlation; Astrophysical neutrinos; Extraterrestrial neutrinos; IceCube; Multipole analysis; Point sourcesAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsPoint sourcesAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsMultipole analysis3. Good health85-05Astrophysical neutrinosddc:540Extraterrestrial neutrinosHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaMultipole expansionGamma-ray burstAstroparticle Physics
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Feasibility and physics potential of detecting 8B solar neutrinos at JUNO

2021

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) features a 20 kt multi-purpose underground liquid scintillator sphere as its main detector. Some of JUNO's features make it an excellent location for B-8 solar neutrino measurements, such as its low-energy threshold, high energy resolution compared with water Cherenkov detectors, and much larger target mass compared with previous liquid scintillator detectors. In this paper, we present a comprehensive assessment of JUNO's potential for detecting B solar neutrinos via the neutrino-electron elastic scattering process. A reduced 2 MeV threshold for the recoil electron energy is found to be achievable, assuming that the intrinsic radioactive …

JUNOneutriino-oskillaatiosolar neutrinoPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsilmaisimettutkimuslaitteetneutriinotHigh Energy Physics::Experimenthiukkasfysiikkaydinfysiikka
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Inducing Strong Non-Linearities in a Phonon Trapping Quartz Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator Coupled to a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device

2018

International audience; A quartz Bulk Acoustic Wave resonator is designed to coherently trap phonons in such a way that they are well confined and immune to suspension losses so they exhibit extremely high acoustic Q-factors at low temperature, with Q × f products of order 10¹⁸ Hz. In this work we couple such a resonator to a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) amplifier and investigate effects in the strong signal regime. Both parallel and series connection topologies of the system are investigated. The study reveals significant non-Duffing response that is associated with the nonlinear characteristics of Josephson junctions. The nonlinearity provides quasi-periodic structu…

Josephson effect[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/OtherPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhononphonon trappingFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologySQUID01 natural sciencesSignallcsh:Technologylaw.inventionlcsh:ChemistryResonatorlaw0103 physical sciencesnon-linear couplingMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)low noise oscillatorGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsInstrumentationlcsh:QH301-705.5Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesPhysicsCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicslcsh:TProcess Chemistry and TechnologyAmplifierGeneral EngineeringInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QC1-999Computer Science ApplicationsSQUIDNonlinear systemlcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999lcsh:TA1-2040BAW Resonator; SQUID; phonon trapping; low noise oscillator; non-linear couplingBAW Resonator0210 nano-technologylcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Crystal oscillatorlcsh:Physics
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