Search results for "Instrumentation"

showing 10 items of 4914 documents

Pulsating in Unison at Optical and X-Ray Energies: Simultaneous High Time Resolution Observations of the Transitional Millisecond Pulsar PSR J1023+00…

2019

PSR J1023+0038 is the first millisecond pulsar discovered to pulsate in the visible band; such a detection took place when the pulsar was surrounded by an accretion disk and also showed X-ray pulsations. We report on the first high time resolution observational campaign of this transitional pulsar in the disk state, using simultaneous observations in the optical (TNG, NOT, TJO), X-ray (XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, NICER), infrared (GTC) and UV (Swift) bands. Optical and X-ray pulsations were detected simultaneously in the X-ray high intensity mode in which the source spends $\sim$ 70% of the time, and both disappeared in the low mode, indicating a common underlying physical mechanism. In addition, o…

AccretionAccretion disks-pulsars: Individual (psr j1023+0038)-stars: Neutron-X-rays: Binaries010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaPulsarAccretion discMillisecond pulsar0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsX-rayAstronomy and AstrophysicsTime resolutionAccretion (astrophysics)Space and Planetary ScienceVisible bandAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaThe Astrophysical Journal
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Producing SI-traceable reference values for Cd, Cr and Pb amount contents in polyethylene samples from the Polymer Elemental Reference Material (PERM…

2000

The present paper describes the certification of the amount content of Cd, Cr and Pb in two different polyethylene materials within the third phase of the Polyethylene Elemental Reference Material (PERM) project. The analytical procedure to establish the reference values for Cd, Cr and Pb amount contents in these materials is based on isotope dilution mass spectrometry used as a primary method of measurement. Cd and Pb were measured with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and Cr with positive thermal ionization-mass spectrometry. The decomposition of the polymer matrix was carried out using a high pressure asher. Reference values for amount content, traceable to the SI-system, hav…

Accuracy and precisionGeneral Chemical EngineeringAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryIsotope dilutionPolyethyleneMass spectrometryMatrix (chemical analysis)Chromiumchemistry.chemical_compoundThird phasechemistrySafety Risk Reliability and QualityInstrumentationInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometryAccreditation and Quality Assurance
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Steam sterilization processes affect the stability of clinical thermometers: Thermistor and prototypal FBG probe comparison

2020

Abstract Temperature is one of the most frequently measured physical quantities in clinical environment and a good biomarker of illness. The need for reusable probes, which have to be sterilized to prevent infections, requires the metrological qualification of thermometer probes in response to ageing effects induced by several sterilization processes. In this study, we investigated the effect of repeated sterilizations on both a commonly-used autoclavable thermistor probe and a prototypal Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) probe for temperature measurements. Findings highlighted a greater reliability of the proposed FBG probe than the commercial thermistor. Specifically, the FBG probe was able to w…

Accuracy and precisionMaterials science02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesTemperature measurement010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsFiber Bragg gratingThermistor0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringBiomedical sensorsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationbusiness.industryThermistorSterilizationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSteam sterilizationElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsFiber Bragg Grating (FBG)Control and Systems EngineeringThermometerBiomedical sensorOptoelectronicsClinical thermometerbusinessOptical Fiber Technology
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Measurement of acoustic attenuation in South Pole ice

2010

Using the South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS) and a retrievable transmitter deployed in holes drilled for the IceCube experiment, we have measured the attenuation of acoustic signals by South Pole ice at depths between 190 m and 500 m. Three data sets, using different acoustic sources, have been analyzed and give consistent results. The method with the smallest systematic uncertainties yields an amplitude attenuation coefficient alpha = 3.20 \pm 0.57 km^(-1) between 10 and 30 kHz, considerably larger than previous theoretical estimates. Expressed as an attenuation length, the analyses give a consistent result for lambda = 1/alpha of ~1/300 m with 20% uncertainty. No significant depth or …

Acoustic attenuation; Acoustics; Ice; Neutrino astronomy; South Pole[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]iceFOS: Physical sciencesAetiology screening and detection [ONCOL 5]Lambda01 natural sciencesneutrino astronomy[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]OpticsSpectrum0103 physical sciencesacousticsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPhysicsSouth Pole010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryAttenuation[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]TransmitterAttenuation lengthAstronomy and AstrophysicsGeodesy004AmplitudeAttenuation coefficientddc:540NeutrinoAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsbusinessAcoustic attenuationinfo:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004acoustic attenuation
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Wooden panel paintings investigation: An air-coupled ultrasonic imaging approach

2007

In this paper, a method for the study of wooden panel paintings using air-coupled acoustical imaging is presented. In order to evaluate the advantages of the technique, several samples were made to mimic panel paintings along with their typical defects. These specimens were tested by means of both single-sided and through-transmission techniques using planar transducers. Image data were processed by means of a two-dimensional (2-D)-fast Fourier transform-based algorithm to increase the S/N ratio and 2-D representations (C-scans) were generated. The simulated defects were imaged using both configurations. Investigations were undertaken on four antique paintings from a private collection. The…

Acoustical imagingEngineeringAcoustics and Ultrasonicsbusiness.industryAirFast Fourier transformImage processingStructural engineeringWoodUltrasonic imagingsymbols.namesakeFourier transformNondestructive testingImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedMaterials TestingsymbolsPaintingsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAir coupledbusinessInstrumentationAlgorithmsUltrasonographyIEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control
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Archetypal analysis: an alternative to clustering for unsupervised texture segmentation

2019

Texture segmentation is one of the main tasks in image applications, specifically in remote sensing, where the objective is to segment high-resolution images of natural landscapes into different cover types. Often the focus is on the selection of discriminant textural features, and although these are really fundamental, there is another part of the process that is also influential, partitioning different homogeneous textures into groups. A methodology based on archetype analysis (AA) of the local textural measurements is proposed. AA seeks the purest textures in the image and it can find the borders between pure textures, as those regions composed of mixtures of several archetypes. The prop…

Acoustics and UltrasonicsComputer scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)General MathematicsComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION02 engineering and technologylocal granulometriesMathematical morphology01 natural sciencesTexture (geology)archetypeImage (mathematics)010104 statistics & probability0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSegmentationmathematical morphology0101 mathematicsCluster analysisInstrumentationimage segmentationtexture analysislcsh:R5-920business.industrylcsh:MathematicsPattern recognitionImage segmentationlcsh:QA1-939DiscriminantSignal Processing020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligenceFocus (optics)businesslcsh:Medicine (General)Biotechnology
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Automatic detection and classification of retinal vascular landmarks

2014

The main contribution of this paper is introducing a method to distinguish between different landmarks of the retina: bifurcations and crossings. The methodology may help in differentiating between arteries and veins and is useful in identifying diseases and other special pathologies, too. The method does not need any special skills, thus it can be assimilated to an automatic way for pinpointing landmarks; moreover it gives good responses for very small vessels. A skeletonized representation, taken out from the segmented binary image (obtained through a preprocessing step), is used to identify pixels with three or more neighbors. Then, the junction points are classified into bifurcations or…

Acoustics and UltrasonicsComputer scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)General MathematicsPreprocessorRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionretinal vessel landmark points retinal vessel structure classificationRepresentation (mathematics)Instrumentationlcsh:R5-920PixelSettore INF/01 - Informaticabusiness.industryBinary imagelcsh:Mathematicslcsh:QA1-939retinal vessel structure classificationSignal ProcessingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessPrecision and recallretinal vessel landmark pointslcsh:Medicine (General)Biotechnology
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Mini-COVIDNet: Efficient Lightweight Deep Neural Network for Ultrasound Based Point-of-Care Detection of COVID-19

2021

Lung ultrasound (US) imaging has the potential to be an effective point-of-care test for detection of COVID-19, due to its ease of operation with minimal personal protection equipment along with easy disinfection. The current state-of-the-art deep learning models for detection of COVID-19 are heavy models that may not be easy to deploy in commonly utilized mobile platforms in point-of-care testing. In this work, we develop a lightweight mobile friendly efficient deep learning model for detection of COVID-19 using lung US images. Three different classes including COVID-19, pneumonia, and healthy were included in this task. The developed network, named as Mini-COVIDNet, was bench-marked with …

Acoustics and UltrasonicsCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Computer sciencePoint-of-Care SystemsLatency (audio)detectionlung ultrasound (US) imaging01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedComputer-Assisted/methodsHumansElectrical and Electronic Engineering010301 acousticsInstrumentationImage InterpretationPoint of careUltrasonographyArtificial neural networkbusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2Deep learningImage Interpretation Computer-Assisted/methodsVDP::Technology: 500COVID-19deep learningUltrasonography/methodsLung ultrasoundCoronavirusTask (computing)point-of-care testingSoftware deploymentEmbedded systemCOVID-19/diagnostic imagingArtificial intelligencebusiness
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Estimation of fibre orientation from digital images

2001

In this paper, estimation of fibre orientation is studied for fibre systems observable as a blurred greyscale image. The estimation method is based on scaled variograms observed along a set of sampling lines in different directions. The parameters of the orientation distribution are obtained numerically. Simulated data are used to study the statistical properties of the method.

Acoustics and UltrasonicsMaterials Science (miscellaneous)General MathematicsGrayscaleSet (abstract data type)Digital imageimage analysisRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionInstrumentationMathematicslcsh:R5-920Boolean modelbusiness.industryOrientation (computer vision)lcsh:MathematicsSampling (statistics)Boolean modelObservablesimulationlcsh:QA1-939Distribution (mathematics)fibre orientationdigitizationComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSignal ProcessingstereologyComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinesslcsh:Medicine (General)Biotechnology
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Opportunities and limitations of in-gas-cell laser spectroscopy of the heaviest elements with RADRIS

2022

International audience; The radiation detection resonance ionization spectroscopy (RADRIS) technique enables laser spectroscopic investigations of the heaviest elements which are produced in atom-at-a-time quantities from fusion-evaporation reactions. To achieve a high efficiency, laser spectroscopy is performed in a buffer-gas environment used to thermalize and stop the high-energy evaporation residues behind the velocity filter SHIP. The required cyclic measurement procedure in combination with the applied filament collection for neutralization as well as confinement of the stopped ions and subsequent pulse-heat desorption constrains the applicability of the technique. Here, some of these…

Actinidesactinideslaser spectroscopygas celltutkimusmenetelmätSuper heavy elements[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Laser spectroscopy[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]laserspektroskopiasuper heavy elementsGas cell
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