Search results for "Instrumentation"

showing 10 items of 4914 documents

Measurement of Solar pp-neutrino flux with Borexino: results and implications

2015

International audience; Measurement of the Solar pp-neutrino flux completed the measurement of Solar neutrino fluxes from the pp-chain of reactions in Borexino experiment. The result is in agreement with the prediction of the Standard Solar Model and the MSW/LMA oscillation scenario. A comparison of the total neutrino flux from the Sun with Solar luminosity in photons provides a test of the stability of the Sun on the 10(5) years time scale, and sets a strong limit on the power production by the unknown energy sources in the Sun.

model: solarHistoryneutrino: solarSolar neutrinoAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaluminosity: solarSolar luminosity[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciences7. Clean energyneutrino: fluxEducationLuminosityNuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)SEARCH0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysicsddc:530[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsDETECTORBorexinoMSW effectPhysicsStandard solar modelSolar energetic particles010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyphotonAstronomySolar neutrino problemstabilityoscillationComputer Science Applicationsp p13. Climate actionPhysics::Space PhysicsBorexinoAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsNeutrinoexperimental results
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Improved measurement of $^8$B solar neutrinos with $1.5  kt·y$ of Borexino exposure

2017

We report on an improved measurement of the $^8$B solar neutrino interaction rate with the Borexino experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. Neutrinos are detected via their elastic scattering on electrons in a large volume of liquid scintillator. The measured rate of scattered electrons above 3 MeV of energy is $0.223\substack{+0.015 \\ -0.016}\,(stat)\,\substack{+0.006 \\ -0.006}\,(syst)$ cpd/100 t, which corresponds to an observed solar neutrino flux assuming no neutrino flavor conversion of $\Phi\substack{\rm ES \\ ^8\rm B}=2.57\substack{+0.17 \\ -0.18}(stat)\substack{+0.07\\ -0.07}(syst)\times$10$^6$ cm$^{-2}\,$s$^{-1}$. This measurement exploits the active volume of the …

model: solarneutrino: solarPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsscintillation counter: liquidFOS: Physical sciencesneutrino: fluxHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)cosmic raysS067HPT[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Experiments in gravityNuclear ExperimentSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)neutrino: interactionMSW effectcosmic radiation: energy spectrumscintillation counter: targetS067SESneutrino electron: elastic scatteringGran SassoAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysicsneutrino: flavorHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentBorexino[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]cosmologyboron: semileptonic decayexperimental results
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On the Finite Element Modeling of the Lumbar Spine: A Schematic Review

2023

Finite element modelling of the lumbar spine is a challenging problem. Lower back pain is among the most common pathologies in the global populations, owing to which the patient may need to undergo surgery. The latter may differ in nature and complexity because of spinal disease and patient contraindications (i.e., aging). Today, the understanding of spinal column biomechanics may lead to better comprehension of the disease progression as well as to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Better insight into the spine’s biomechanics would certainly guarantee an evolution of current device-based treatments. In this setting, the computational approach appears to be a remarkable …

modellingFluid Flow and Transfer Processesspinal columnlumbar spineProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral EngineeringBiomechanicsGeneral Materials Sciencefinite element analysiscomputational simulationsfinite element analysis; spinal column; biomechanics; modelling; lumbar spine; computational simulationsInstrumentationComputer Science ApplicationsApplied Sciences
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Enhancing Light Emission in Interface Engineered Spin-OLEDs through Spin-Polarized Injection at High Voltages

2019

The quest for a spin-polarized organic light-emitting diode (spin-OLED) is a common goal in the emerging fields of molecular electronics and spintronics. In this device, two ferromagnetic (FM) electrodes are used to enhance the electroluminescence intensity of the OLED through a magnetic control of the spin polarization of the injected carriers. The major difficulty is that the driving voltage of an OLED device exceeds a few volts, while spin injection in organic materials is only efficient at low voltages. The fabrication of a spin-OLED that uses a conjugated polymer as bipolar spin collector layer and ferromagnetic electrodes is reported here. Through a careful engineering of the organic/…

molecular spintronicsMaterials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsspin-OLED02 engineering and technologyElectroluminescence010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesmultifunctional spintronic devicesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOLEDGeneral Materials ScienceSpin (physics)MaterialsDiodeSpintronicsSpin polarizationbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringMolecular electronics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyspin-injection0104 chemical sciencesInnovacions tecnològiquesMechanics of MaterialsOptoelectronicsLight emissionCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologybusinessAdvanced Materials
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Sensor Technology for Sports Monitoring

2023

Over the past decades, huge steps have been made in the development of sensor technology related to sports monitoring [...]

monitoringurheilueditorialmonitorointipääkirjoituksetsportsanturitElectrical and Electronic EngineeringsensorsBiochemistryInstrumentationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAnalytical ChemistrySensors
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Calculation of total muon flux observed by Muon Monitor experiment

2017

An approach to calculate the flux of cosmicgenic muons detected by Muon Monitor experiment in lab LAB2400 of the Underground Laboratory in Canfranc (LSC) is described. The measuring apparatus consists of three layers of SC16 scintillation matrix detectors. The hardware function of the detector assembly was determined using computer simulation. Obtained value of the total muon ux turned out to be equal to (4.35 ± 0.2) × 10−3 m −2 s −1. peerReviewed

muon fluxPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorscosmicgenic muonsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentMuon Monitor
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Design and implementation of the AMIGA embedded system for data acquisition

2021

The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and admin-istrative staff in Malargtie. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Comision Nacional de Energla Atomica, Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientffica y Tec-nologica (ANPCyT) , Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientfficas y Tecnicas (CONICET) , Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargtie, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Leilas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access, Argentina; the Australian Research Council; Conselho…

muon: showersDetector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems architecture hardware algorithms databases)Physics::Instrumentation and Detectorsdata acquisitionAstronomycosmic radiation: electromagnetic componentengineeringprimary [cosmic radiation]Particle detectors01 natural sciencesenergy: thresholdData acquisition concepthardwareInstrumentationMathematical Physicsshowers [muon]media_commonHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)astro-ph.HEControl and monitor systems onlinePhysicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsthreshold [energy]16. Peace & justiceAugerelectromagnetic component [cosmic radiation]observatoryDetector control systems (detector andexperiment monitoring and slow-control systemslanguageupgradeAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenadatabases)atmosphere [showers]Land accessarchitectureEuropean communityairAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesalgorithmsPolitical science0103 physical sciencesmedia_common.cataloged_instanceddc:530High Energy Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]ddc:610Control and monitor systems online; Data acquisition concepts; Detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems architecture hardware algorithms databases); Particle detectorsEuropean union010306 general physicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Ciencias Exactasscintillation countershowers: atmosphere010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systemsData acquisition conceptsFísicastabilitylanguage.human_languagecosmic radiation: primarymonitoringResearch councilExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentControl and monitor systems on-linePortuguese[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]HumanitiesRAIOS CÓSMICOSastro-ph.IM
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Calibration of the underground muon detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

2021

To obtain direct measurements of the muon content of extensive air showers with energy above $10^{16.5}$ eV, the Pierre Auger Observatory is currently being equipped with an underground muon detector (UMD), consisting of 219 10 $\mathrm{m^2}$-modules, each segmented into 64 scintillators coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). Direct access to the shower muon content allows for the study of both of the composition of primary cosmic rays and of high-energy hadronic interactions in the forward direction. As the muon density can vary between tens of muons per m$^2$ close to the intersection of the shower axis with the ground to much less than one per m$^2$ when far away, the necessary bro…

muon: showersdata acquisitionPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstronomyDetector alignment and calibration methods (lasers sources particle-beams)primary [cosmic radiation]Particle detectors7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesEtc)030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0302 clinical medicinecalibration [detector]ObservatoryAPDsdetector: calibrationatmosphere [muon]InstrumentationPhoton detectors for UVshowers [muon]Mathematical PhysicsPhoton detectors for UV visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes APDsSi-PMTs G-APDs CCDs EBCCDs EMCCDs CMOS imagers etc)Particle-beams)Physicsenergy: highdetector [muon]EBCCDsPhysicselectronicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentalePhoton detectors for UV visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes APDs Si-PMTs G-APDs CCDs EBCCDs EMCCDs CMOS imagers etc)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsSourcesSi-PMTsdetector: alignmentAugermuon: atmosphereobservatorydensity [muon]G-APDshigh [energy]Particle detectorAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsatmosphere [showers]Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers sourcesparticle-beams)FOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayScintillatorParticle detectorVisible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes03 medical and health sciencesOpticsSilicon photomultipliermuon: density0103 physical sciencesCalibrationddc:530photomultiplier: silicon[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]ddc:610High Energy PhysicsCMOS imagersInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)scintillation counterParticle detectors; Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers sources particle-beams); Photon detectors for UV visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes APDs Si-PMTs G-APDs CCDs EBCCDs EMCCDs CMOS imagers etc); Performance of High Energy Physics DetectorsPierre Auger ObservatoryMuonshowers: atmosphere010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industrymuon: detectorCCDscosmic radiation: primaryDetector alignment and calibration methods (lasersEMCCDsanalog-to-digital converterAPDs; CCDs; CMOS imagers; Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers; EBCCDs; EMCCDs; Etc); G-APDs; Particle detectors; Particle-beams); Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors; Photon detectors for UV; Si-PMTs; Sources; Visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodesExperimental High Energy Physicssilicon [photomultiplier]Performance of High Energy Physics DetectorsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentphoton: detectorbusinessalignment [detector]RAIOS CÓSMICOSdetector [photon]astro-ph.IM
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Rates of Upper Facet Joint Violation in Minimally Invasive Percutaneous and Open Instrumentation: A Comparative Cohort Study of Different Insertion T…

2017

Background Minimally invasive pedicle screw placement may have a higher incidence of violation of the superior cephalad unfused facet joint. Study Aims We investigated the incidence and risk factors of upper facet joint violation in percutaneous robot-assisted instrumentation versus percutaneous fluoroscopy-guided and open transpedicular instrumentation. Methods A retrospective study including all consecutive patients who underwent lumbar instrumentation, fusion, and decompression for spondylolisthetic stenosis and degenerative disk disease was conducted between January 2012 and January 2016. All operations were performed by the same surgeon; the patients were divided into three groups acc…

musculoskeletal diseasesAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPercutaneousDecompressionIntervertebral Disc DegenerationSurgical planningNeurosurgical ProceduresZygapophyseal JointFacet joint03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineLumbarSpinal StenosisPedicle ScrewsRisk FactorsmedicineHumansInstrumentation (computer programming)AgedRetrospective Studies030222 orthopedicsLumbar Vertebraebusiness.industryRetrospective cohort studyMiddle Agedmusculoskeletal systemmedicine.diseaseSurgeryStenosismedicine.anatomical_structureSpinal FusionTreatment OutcomeSurgeryFemaleNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgeryJournal of neurological surgery. Part A, Central European neurosurgery
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The craniovertebral junction in rheumatoid arthritis: State of the art

2019

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder, characterized by polyarticular inflammation causing progressive joint damage and disability. The mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis involve activation of innate and adaptive immunity, microvascular endothelial cell activation, and inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytes and monocytes into the synovium. Spinal involvement in RA is not typical; when it occurs, the main radiological features are (1) atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS), which is the most typical form of cervical spine involvement; (2) cranial settling—also known as basilar impression, atlantoaxial impaction or superior migration of the odontoid—which is the most seve…

musculoskeletal diseasesJoint InstabilityPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyBasilar invaginationTransoral decompressionInflammation030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingPathogenesisArthritis Rheumatoid03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmune systemSynovitisCervical spinemedicineRheumatoid arthritiTransnasal decompressionAtlantoaxial instabilitySubluxationInflammationSkull Basebusiness.industrySettore MED/27 - NeurochirurgiaInstrumentation and fusion procedureCraniovertebral junctionmedicine.diseaseAcquired immune systemAtlantoaxial dislocationAtlanto-Axial JointAtlantoaxial instabilityRheumatoid arthritisCervical Vertebraemedicine.symptombusinessAtlantoaxial synoviti030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHuman
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