Search results for "Instrumentation"

showing 10 items of 4914 documents

The focal plane assembly for the Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit instrument

2016

This paper summarizes a preliminary design concept for the focal plane assembly of the X-ray Integral Field Unit on the Athena spacecraft, an imaging microcalorimeter that will enable high spectral resolution imaging and point-source spectroscopy. The instrument's sensor array will be a ~ 3840-pixel transition edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeter array, with a frequency domain multiplexed SQUID readout system allowing this large-format sensor array to be operated within the thermal constraints of the instrument's cryogenic system. A second TES detector will be operated in close proximity to the sensor array to detect cosmic rays and secondary particles passing through the sensor array for off…

CryostatPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAperture01 natural sciencesfrequency division multiplexingfocal plane assemblySettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaOpticsSensor array0103 physical sciencesElectronicSQUID amplifierAthenaOptical and Magnetic MaterialsElectrical and Electronic Engineeringta216010306 general physicsta113010302 applied physicsPhysicsX-IFUta114ta213business.industryStray lightApplied Mathematicstransition edge sensorDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsX-ray microcalorimeterComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionCondensed Matter PhysicsCardinal pointElectromagnetic shieldingcryogenic anti-coincidence detectorX-ray microcalorimeter transition edge sensor cryogenic anti-coincidence detector SQUID amplifier frequency division multiplexing Athena X-IFU focal plane assemblyTransition edge sensorbusinessAthena; cryogenic anti-coincidence detector; focal plane assembly; frequency division multiplexing; SQUID amplifier; transition edge sensor; X-IFU; X-ray microcalorimeter; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSPIE Proceedings
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Ab initio modeling of radiation damage in MgF2 crystals

2014

Abstract MgF2 with a rutile structure is important radiation-resistant material with numerous applications due to its transparency from vacuum ultraviolet to infrared range of photon energies. We present and discuss the results of calculations for basic radiation defects in this crystal. The study is based on the large scale ab initio DFT calculations using hybrid B3PW exchange–correlation functional and atomic basis set. We analyzed the electronic structure, atomic displacements, charge density distribution as well as defect formation energies using large supercells. We compared properties of close and well separated F−H (Frenkel) defect pairs as well as individual defects. We simulated al…

CrystalCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotonInfraredChemistryAb initioRadiation damageCharge densityElectronic structureAtomic physicsInstrumentationBasis setNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Tracks induced in TeO2 by heavy ions at low velocities

2000

On the basis of its thermal properties, TeO2 crystal was selected as an insulator with low threshold electronic stopping power for track formation Set. The crystals were irradiated by S, Zn, Mo, Kr, Te and Pb ions and the optical absorption and track formation were studied. Comparison is made with the published results on LiNbO3 ,Y 3Fe5O12 and SiO2 quartz. Good quantitative agreement is found with the predictions of the thermal spike model of Szenes with respect to Set and the variation of the track size with the electronic stopping power Se. It is shown that TeO2 has a high eAciency g at low ion velocities, which is a characteristic feature of the damage cross-section velocity eAect. ” 200…

CrystalNuclear and High Energy PhysicsChemistryThermalTrack formationInsulator (electricity)IrradiationAtomic physicsInstrumentationQuartzIonNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Photostimulated emission of KBr—In previously exposed to UV- or X-radiation

1995

Abstract We have performed a photostimulated luminescence (PSL) study of a KBr—In crystal previously irradiated in the exciton fundamental absorption band. It is shown that the PSL arises from three types of close defect pair. It is also shown that one of these three kinds of defect pairs is {F, In2+}, whereas the electron centre of the two other pairs has a more complex nature.

CrystalNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCrystallographyAbsorption bandPhotostimulated luminescenceChemistryExcitonAnalytical chemistryIrradiationElectronRadiationPSLInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Kinetics of correlated annealing of radiation defects in alkali halide crystals

1992

Abstract Kinetics of the correlated annealing of pairs of neutral (F-H) Frenkel defects in the KBr crystal is treated theoretically, taking into account defect diffusion, and annihilation at short distances stimulated by an elastic interaction. It is shown that an elastic interaction affects the annealing kinetics and the survival probability of close geminate detects considerably. The widespread description of the correlated annealing in terms of a first-order reaction fails for close defects yielding effective energies which in fact differ essentially from an activation energy of diffusion. Ea, even if it is corrected by an interaction energy. The effect of the initial distribution of def…

CrystalNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCrystallographyAnnihilationAnnealing (metallurgy)ChemistryKineticsHalideActivation energyInteraction energyAlkali metalInstrumentationMolecular physicsNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Hardening and formation of dislocation structures in LiF crystals irradiated with MeV–GeV ions

2002

Abstract Material modifications of LiF crystals irradiated with Au, Pb and Bi ions of MeV to GeV energy are studied by means of microindentation measurements and dislocation etching. Above a critical irradiation fluence of 10 9 ions/cm 2 , the microhardness can improve by a factor of 2 in the bulk and by more than 3 on the surface. Radiation-induced hardening follows the evolution of the energy loss along the ion path. Annealing experiments indicate that complex defect aggregates created in the tracks play a major role for the hardness change. Evidence for severe structural modifications is found when etching indentation impressions in highly irradiated crystals leading to similar pattern a…

CrystalNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCrystallographyMaterials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Ion trackHardening (metallurgy)IrradiationDislocationInstrumentationIndentation hardnessMolecular physicsAmorphous solidNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Momentum dependence of the decay η→π+π−π0

1998

Abstract The π 0 momentum dependence of the decay η → π + π − π 0 has been measured with the Crystal Barrel detector. The analysis is based on 3230 events. The results of this independent measurement are compared to new chiral perturbation theory calculations and previous measurements.

CrystalNuclear physicsMomentumPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsChiral perturbation theoryPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsDetectorBarrel (horology)Dalitz plotPhysics Letters B
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Ab initiocalculations of BaTiO3(111) surfaces

2013

The article presents the results of calculations of polar (111) surface relaxations and energetics using the ab initio code CRYSTAL and a hybrid description of exchange and correlation. Using a hybrid B3LYP approach, the surface relaxation has been calculated for the two possible Ti and BaO3 BaTiO3 (111) surface terminations. For both Ti- and BaO3-terminated BaTiO3 (111) surfaces, the upper layer atoms relax inward. The second layer atoms, with the sole exception of Ti-terminated BaTiO3 (111) surface Ba atom, relax outward. The calculated surface relaxation energy for Ti-terminated BaTiO3 (111) surface is more than two times larger than the surface relaxation energy for BaO3-terminated BaTi…

CrystalSurface (mathematics)ChemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsAtomAb initioRelaxation (physics)General Materials ScienceSurface phononAtomic physicsInstrumentationSurface energyPhase Transitions
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3D cryo-electron microscopy, molecular modelling and structural fitting with recombinant expressed virus like particles as part of drug design

2007

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007

CrystallographyMaterials scienceCryo-electron microscopylawRecombinant DNAInstrumentationViruslaw.inventionMicroscopy and Microanalysis
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Quaternary structure and molecular model of a 4x6mer arthropod hemocyanin in oxygenated and deoxygenated states by 3D cryo-electron microscopy

2007

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007

CrystallographyMolecular modelbiologyChemistryCryo-electron microscopymedicine.medical_treatmentBiophysicsmedicineProtein quaternary structureHemocyaninArthropodbiology.organism_classificationInstrumentationMicroscopy and Microanalysis
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