Search results for "Insulin"
showing 10 items of 1360 documents
Pharmacotherapy for gestational diabetes mellitus: still insulin, or what about sulfonylureas?
2018
Randomized trials have not focused on neonatal complications of glyburide for women with gestational diabetes.To compare oral glyburide vs subcutaneous insulin in prevention of perinatal complications in newborns of women with gestational diabetes.The Insulin Daonil trial (INDAO), a multicenter noninferiority randomized trial conducted between May 2012 and November 2016 (end of participant follow-up) in 13 tertiary care university hospitals in France including 914 women with singleton pregnancies and gestational diabetes diagnosed between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation.Women who required pharmacologic treatment after 10 days of dietary intervention were randomly assigned to receive glyburide …
Endothelial dysfunction in PCOS. role of obesity and adipose hormones
2006
PURPOSE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an extremely prevalent disorder in which elevated blood markers of cardiovascular risk and altered endothelial function have been found. This study was designed to determine if abnormal carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in young women with PCOS may be explained by insulin resistance and elevated adipocytokines. METHODS: A prospective study in 50 young women with PCOS (age: 25.2 +/- 1 years; body mass index [BMI]: 28.7 +/- 0.8) and 50 matched ovulatory controls (age: 25.1 +/- 0.7 years; BMI: 28.5 +/- 0.5) was performed. Carotid IMT, brachial FMD, and blood for fasting glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponect…
Prolonged breast-feeding protects mothers from later-life obesity and related cardio-metabolic disorders
2011
AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the long-term effects of duration of postpartum lactation on maternal body composition and risk for cardio-metabolic disorders in later life.DesignRetrospective study. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and serum glucose, insulin and lipids were analysed using enzymatic photometric methods 16–20 years after the last pregnancy. Medical history and lifestyle factors were collected via a self-administered questionnaire. Detailed information regarding weight change patterns during each pregnancy was obtained from personal maternity tracking records.SettingCity of Jyväskylä and surroundings in Central Finland.SubjectsTwo hundred a…
Hormone therapy is associated with better body composition and adipokine/glucose profiles
2012
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of preventing the metabolic health consequences of postmenopausal hypogonadism with the use of long-term hormone therapy (HT). Methods: We used a monozygotic co-twin control design including 10 twin pairs (aged 56-62 y) discordant for HT (duration of HT, 2-10 y). In addition, 14 premenopausal women (aged 29-35 y) who did not use HT were studied to evaluate the differences in metabolic health between the premenopausal and postmenopausal states. Body composition was determined, and waist-to-hip ratio was used as an estimate for fat distribution. Serum sex steroids, sex hormone-binding globulin, and serum lipid and glucose profil…
Growth factor levels in platelet-rich plasma and correlations with donor age, sex, and platelet count.
2002
Abstract Introduction: Platelet-rich plasma contains autologous thrombocyte growth factors and might be promising for acceleration of dentoalveolar bone regeneration. In this study, it was analysed for platelet counts and growth factor concentrations. Material and method: Platelet-rich plasma was isolated by discontinuous cell separation from 158 healthy men and 55 women aged 17–62 years. One hundred and fifteen specimens (stratified for age and gender of the donor) were analysed for growth factor concentrations and platelet count. Results: The platelet count in platelet-rich plasma (1,407,640±320,100/μl) was 5 times higher than in donor blood (266,040±60,530/μl). Platelet-derived growth fa…
Quantification of thrombocyte growth factors in platelet concentrates produced by discontinuous cell separation.
2002
Platelet concentrates (PC) are increasingly used to increase bone regeneration in pre-prosthetic surgery. Although it is generally appreciated that certain growth factors (PDGF, TGF, EGF, and ECGF) are present in thrombocyte preparations, relatively little is known about these components in quantitative terms. The study reported here analysed the amounts of growth factors in PC produced under standard conditions from healthy volunteers. All the blood samples (237 in total) were analysed using Quantikine ELISA kits (R and D). The mean +/- SD platelet count in whole blood from these donors was 262,000+/-58,000/microl, while in PC produced by discontinuous cell separation it was 1.419,000+/-33…
High sCD36 plasma level is associated with steatosis and its severity in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C
2013
SUMMARY. Soluble CD36 (sCD36) plasma levels, a known marker of cardiometabolic disorders, are associated with surrogate markers of steatosis, while experimental and human studies show a link between CD36 expression in the liver and steatosis. In a cohort of patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C (G1 CHC), we tested the association of sCD36 plasma levels with host and viral factors and sustained virological response (SVR). One hundred and seventy-five consecutive biopsy-proven patients were studied. sCD36 plasma levels were assessed by an in-house ELISA. All biopsies were scored by one pathologist for staging and grading (Scheuer) and graded for steatosis, which was considered moderate…
Combination of the mTOR inhibitor ridaforolimus and the anti-IGF1R monoclonal antibody dalotuzumab: preclinical characterization and phase I clinical…
2014
Abstract Purpose: Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition activates compensatory insulin–like growth factor receptor (IGFR) signaling. We evaluated the ridaforolimus (mTOR inhibitor) and dalotuzumab (anti-IGF1R antibody) combination. Experimental Design: In vitro and in vivo models, and a phase I study in which patients with advanced cancer received ridaforolimus (10–40 mg/day every day × 5/week) and dalotuzumab (10 mg/kg/week or 7.5 mg/kg/every other week) were explored. Results: Preclinical studies demonstrated enhanced pathway inhibition with ridaforolimus and dalotuzumab. With 87 patients treated in the phase I study, main dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) of the combination were p…
PAI-1 Levels are Related to Insulin Resistance and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Subjects with Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia
2017
Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) is a primary atherogenic dyslipidemia with insulin resistance and increased cardiovascular risk. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity are associated with proinflammatory and atherothrombotic risk. Our aim was to study the role played by PAI-1 and MPO activity in the carotid atherosclerosis prevalence in FCH subjects. 36 FCH unrelated subjects (17 women) were matched by age and body weight with 36 healthy normolipidemic subjects (19 female). Blood lipids, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)), MPO, and PAI-1 were determined in both groups. Carotid intima media thickness (…
Association of dietary patterns with insulin resistance and clinically silent carotid atherosclerosis in apparently healthy people
2013
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Dietary habits are important determinants of individual cardiovascular and metabolic risk. This study investigated the association between dietary patterns and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis, defined as the presence of plaques and/or increased intima-media thickness, and metabolic biomarkers of insulin resistance, including the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the trygliceride/high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (Tg/HDL) ratio in a cohort of adults without known diabetes or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.SUBJECTS/METHODS:Nine hundred and twenty-nine randomly selected participants were cross-sectionally investigated. …