Search results for "Integument"
showing 10 items of 754 documents
Influence of sample preparation on analytical results: drug analysis [GC/MS] on hair snippets versus hair powder using various extraction methods
1997
The comparison of aqueous extraction methods and hair extraction by organic solvents performed on hair powder as well as on hair snippets of the same sample revealed different qualities of the procedures. Qualitative and quantitative results by the same derivatization step and GC/MS detection demonstrated, that the risk of missing a drug substance is higher using hair snippets than after drug extraction on pulverised hair. Drug recovery for opiates, cocaine and benzoylecgonine from hair was found to be best in aqueous solvents or in methanol extracts. The results are discussed under the aspects of solid-phase extraction, the hair sample representing an inhomogenous material. The localisatio…
On cosmetically treated hair — aspects and pitfalls of interpretation
1997
Popular hair cosmetic treatments like bleaching or permanent waving were found to affect the stability of incorporated drugs and to cause alterations of the fibers at an ultrastructural level. This may result in a partial or complete loss of drug substances, depending on the particular drug molecule and on its concentration prior to the cosmetic treatment. Moreover, from literature, there is some evidence that drug molecules are not only incorporated into the growing fiber by passive diffusion from blood into the matrix cells and melanocytes, but that the substances enter the hair also via perspiration such as sweat and sebum. Since permed and bleached hair shows an enhanced sorption capaci…
Stability of opiates in hair fibers after exposure to cosmetic treatment.
1996
Abstract The stability of opiates in clipped natural human hair was investigated. Hair fibers were incubated with defined solutions of morphine, codeine and dihydrocodeine (pH 7.4) until saturated. Original opiate-positive hair samples collected from drug addicts also were examined. Commercially available bleaching as well as perming formulas (Poly Blonde Ultra®, Poly Lock®; Henkel, Dusseldorf, Germany) were applied in vitro to the hair strands of both groups under investigation. After these treatments, the drug concentration had decreased for both bleaching and permanent waving. In the spiked hair, only 2–18% of the starting solution could be found after bleaching. About 20–30% of the drug…
Experimental Investigations on Hair Fibers as Diffusion Bridges and Opiates as Solutes in Solution
1996
Diffusion experiments were performed using clipped hair fibers as diffusion bridges and aqueous solutions of morphine, codeine and dihydrocodeine. Natural as well as predamaged hair fibers were investigated. The test series were conducted at ambient temperature and at high humidity. After 312 or 372 hours the middle segments of the strands were clipped, washed and analyzed by GC/MS. Only when virgin hair samples were used the solutes passed along the fiber at full length resulting in a positive immunological finding at the end of the diffusion bridge. Most of the washing fluids were positive for opiates. All centerpieces had a high opiate content. The opiate concentration in damaged hair wa…
Ultrastructure, development, and moulting of the aesthetascs of Neomysis integer and Idotea baltica (Crustacea, Malacostraca)
1983
The development of the aesthetascs of Neomysis integer (Malacostraca, Mysidacea) and Idotea baltica (Malacostraca, Isopoda) were investigated by electron microscope methods. Basically the aesthetascs of both species develop according to the same pattern. The newly formed sensillar shafts lie invaginated within the epidermal tissue. They are formed by numerous enveloping cells, which are arranged telescopically one by one. Each enveloping cell secretes a definite portion of the new shaft cuticle. The innermost enveloping cell extends furthest distally and deposits the cuticle of the future shaft tip. The outer enveloping cells produce the cuticle of the more proximal shaft portions. Whereas …
Prognostic impact of phosphorylated HER-2 in HER-2+ primary breast cancer.
2011
Abstract Purpose. Tyrosine 1248 is one of the autophosphorylation sites of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2. We determined the prognostic value of the expression level of tyrosine 1248–phosphorylated HER-2 (pHER-2) in patients with HER-2+ primary breast cancer using a reverse-phase protein array. Patients and Methods. The optimal cutoff value of pHER-2 for segregating disease-free survival (DFS) was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Five-year DFS for pHER-2 expression level was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method using both derivation (n = 162) and validation (n = 227) cohorts. Results. Of the 162 patients in the derivation cohort, 26 had…
Effects of p63 expression on survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma
2007
BACKGROUND: P63 is the protein codified by p63 gene, a p53 gene homolog, known for its pivotal role in cell cycle regulation, and involved in the tumor differentiation. Aims of the present study were to assess the frequency and pattern of p63 protein expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in relation to the main tumour characteristics and to verify whether p63 can be considered a marker of prognosis in patients with OSCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a retrospective study, a cohort of 64 OSCC patients was investigated for p63 protein expression and its cellular localization by immunohistochemistry (monoclonal mouse anti-human p63 protein-clone 4A4). After grouping by p63 expression, …
Neoadjuvant oxaliplatin (OXA), raltitrexed (TOM), 5-fluorouracil (FU) and folinic acid (FA) + radiotherapy followed by optimal surgery in locally adv…
2004
9624 Background: Preoperative chemoradiation in LARC may produce downstaging and downsizing of the tumor, increases the change of better local control and, in selected cases, sphincter sparing proc...
Exposure to UV radiation and risk of Hodgkin lymphoma: A pooled analysis
2013
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure has been inversely associated with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) risk, but only inconsistently, only in a few studies, and without attention to HL heterogeneity. We conducted a pooled analysis of HL risk focusing on type and timing of UVR exposure and on disease subtypes by age, histology, and tumor-cell Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status. Four case-control studies contributed 1320HLcasesand 6381 controls. We estimated lifetime, adulthood, and childhood UVR exposure and history of sunburn and sunlamp use. We used 2-stage estimation with mixed-effects models and weighted pooled effect estimates by inverse marginal variances. We observed statistically significant inv…
Quality of Life in Patients With Severe Skin Reactions in Course of First-Generation Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors Monoclonal Antibodie…
2021
Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with wild type expression of RAS and RAF genes can be treated with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies, such as cetuximab, in combination with chemotherapy. Skin toxicity represents the most serious and frequent side effect in these patients. Skin manifestations occur in approximately 80% of patients. In this study, we investigated the consequences on body image and quality of life (QoL) of patients with severe skin toxicity. Methods: One hundred patients were enrolled with mCRC. All patients signed informed consent and completed questionnaires to assess QoL and body discomfort. Toxicity was assessed on Common Te…