Search results for "Interaction"

showing 10 items of 5710 documents

Analytic energy gradients in closed-shell coupled-cluster theory with spin-orbit coupling

2008

Gradients in closed-shell coupled-cluster (CC) theory with spin-orbit coupling included in the post Hartree-Fock treatment have been implemented at the CC singles and doubles (CCSD) level and at the CCSD level augmented by a perturbative treatment of triple excitations [CCSD(T)]. The additional computational effort required in analytic energy-gradient calculations is roughly the same as that for ground-state energy calculations in the case of CCSD, and it is about twice in the case of CCSD(T) calculations. The structures, harmonic frequencies, and dipole moments of some heavy-element compounds have been calculated using the present analytic energy-gradient techniques including spin-orbit co…

PhysicsCouplingStructure (category theory)General Physics and AstronomySpin–orbit interactionDipoleCoupled clusterQuantum electrodynamicsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersHarmonicPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsOpen shellHyperfine structureThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Dynamics of a two-state system through a real level crossing

2015

The dynamics of a two-state system whose energies undergo a real crossing at some instant of time is studied. At this instant, both the coupling and the detuning vanish simultaneously, which leads to an exact degeneracy of the eigenenergies of the system. It is found that the dynamics of the system is primarily determined by the manner in which the degeneracy occurs. This interesting behavior is reminiscent of a symmetry breaking process, since the totally symmetric situation occurring at the crossing is significantly altered by infinitesimal quantities, which remove the degeneracy, with very important dynamical implications from there on. A very simple analytical formula is derived, which …

PhysicsCouplingeducation.field_of_studyQuantum PhysicsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)InfinitesimalDynamics (mechanics)PopulationFOS: Physical sciencesLevel crossingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaPhysics - Atomic PhysicsClassical mechanicsSimple (abstract algebra)Degeneracy (biology)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)educationInteraction of Light and Matter Level crossing Two-state systemsInstant
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Glass physics: still not transparent

1999

Glass is a commonplace word. One immediately thinks of windows or bottles and of properties like brittleness or transparency. However, for a glass blower another feature is more important: glass does not melt abruptly, as a crystal does, but gradually over a range of temperatures. This means that he or she can alter the temperature at which glass solidifies or becomes a liquid by changing the rate at which it is cooled or heated. This is in stark contrast to the behaviour observed when the crystalline form of a material is heated: it will always melt at the same temperature.

PhysicsCrystalGlass blowerRange (particle radiation)BrittlenessGeneral Physics and AstronomyToughened glassTransparency (human–computer interaction)Composite materialPhysics World
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Mechanically Based Nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli Beam Model

2014

AbstractThis paper presents a nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beam model. It is assumed that the equilibrium of a beam segment is attained because of the classical local stress resultants, along with long-range volume forces and moments exchanged by the beam segment with all the nonadjacent beam segments. Elastic long-range volume forces/moments are considered, built as linearly depending on the product of the volumes of the interacting beam segments and on generalized measures of their relative motion, based on the pure deformation modes of the beam. Attenuation functions governing the space decay of the nonlocal effects are introduced. The motion equations are derived in an integro-differential …

PhysicsDeformation (mechanics)Mechanical EngineeringAttenuationEquations of motionSpace (mathematics)VibrationLong-range interactionClassical mechanicsNonlocal elasticityEuler-Bernoulli beamStress resultantsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsFree vibrationsSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniStaticsStaticBeam (structure)
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Exchange Interactions I: Mechanisms

1996

A most important phenomenon in molecular magnetism is the exchange interaction between magnetic centers. Its relevance as well as the terms and concepts required to its rationalization were stated long ago by physicists working in the quantum-mechanical theory of magnetism (Heisenberg, Dirac, van Vleck, Anderson, Zener, and many others). Depending on the extent of delocalization of the magnetic moments and on the metallic/non-metallic properties of the solid four kinds of exchange coupling were usually distinguished in the physical literature namely direct exchange, superexchange, indirect exchange and itinerant exchange [1]. The relations of these types of couplings are depicted in Figure …

PhysicsDelocalized electronMagnetic momentSpin polarizationCondensed matter physicsSuperexchangeMagnetismDirac (software)Exchange interactionDiamagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons
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PNO-CI and CEPA studies of electron correlation effects

1974

Ab initio calculations of the potential curves of low laying electronic states of OH are performed on the basis of a variational configuration interaction wavefunction (PNO-CI) and the coupled electron pair approximation (CEPA). The latter approach yields a ground state potential curve which deviates from the RKR curve by less than 200 cm−1 in the region from 0.7 to 1.6 A. Calculated ground state constants are as follows (experimental values in parentheses): r e = 0.972 (0.971) A, B e = 18.85 (18.87) cm−1, α e = 0.727 (0.714) cm−1, ω e = 3742 (3739) cm−1, ω e χ e = 85.3 (86.4) cm−1, μ0 = 1.686 (1.66) D, D e = 4.35 (4.63) eV,IP = 12.78 (13.36?) eV, El.Aff. = 1.51 (1.83) eV, v 00(2Π↔2Σ+) = 32…

PhysicsDipoleElectron pairElectronic correlationAb initio quantum chemistry methodsIonizationElectron affinityChiropracticsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryConfiguration interactionAtomic physicsGround stateTheoretica Chimica Acta
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Unmixing of binary alloys by a vacancy mechanism of diffusion: a computer simulation

1991

The initial stages of phase separation are studied for a model binary alloy (AB) with pairwise interactions e AA , e AB , e BB between nearest neighbors, assuming that there is no direct interchange of neighboring atoms possible, but only an indirect one mediated by vacancies (V) occurring in the system at a concentrationc v and which are strictly conserved, as are the concentrationsc A andc B of the two species.A-atoms may jump to vacant sites with jump rateГ A , B-atoms with jump rateГ B (in the absence of interactions). Particular attention is paid to the question to what extent nonuniform distribution of vacancies affects the unmixing kinetics. Our study focuses on the special caseГ A =…

PhysicsDistribution functionSpinodal decompositionVacancy defectExchange interactionThermodynamicsGeneral Materials ScienceBinary systemCondensed Matter PhysicsStructure factorSquare latticeJump processElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsZeitschrift f�r Physik B Condensed Matter
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Calculation of atomic spectra and transition amplitudes for superheavy element Db (Z=105)

2018

Atomic spectra and other properties of superheavy element dubnium (Db, $Z=105$) are calculated using recently developed method combining configuration interaction with perturbation theory [the CIPT method, V. A. Dzuba, J. C. Berengut, C. Harabati, and V. V. Flambaum, Phys. Rev. A 95, 012503 (2017)]. These include energy levels for low-lying states of Db and Db II, electric dipole transition amplitudes between the ground state and low-lying states of opposite parity, isotope shift for these transitions, and the ionization potential of Db. Similar calculations for Ta, which is a lighter analog of Db, are performed to control the accuracy of the calculations.

PhysicsDubniumAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementConfiguration interaction7. Clean energy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics - Atomic PhysicsAmplitudechemistry0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic PhysicsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Atomic physicsElectric dipole transitionIonization energyPerturbation theory010306 general physicsGround stateSpectroscopyNuclear Experiment
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A precise measurement of the real part of the elastic scattering amplitude at the Sp̄pS

1993

Abstract A precise measurement of pp elastic scattering in the Coulomb-strong interaction interference region was performed at the CERN SppS Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of 541 GeV. The ratio of the real to the imaginary part of the forward elastic scattering amplitude was found to be ρ = 0.135 ± 0.015. The slope of the exponential fall off of the strong interaction part was also measured to be b = 15.5 ± 0.1 GeV −2 .

PhysicsElastic scatteringNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderStrong interactionElementary particlelcsh:QC1-999law.inventionScattering amplitudeNuclear physicsAmplitudelawAntiprotonHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentColliderNuclear Experimentlcsh:PhysicsPhysics Letters B
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The coherent weak charge of matter

2017

We study the long-range force arising between two aggregates of ordinary matter due to a neutrino-pair exchange, in the limit of zero neutrino mass. Even if matter is neutral of electric charge, it is charged for this weak force. The interaction is described in terms of a coherent charge, which we call the weak flavor charge of aggregated matter. For each one of the interacting aggregates, this charge depends on the neutrino flavor as $Q_W^{\nu_e} = 2Z-N$, $Q_W^{\nu_\mu} = Q_W^{\nu_\tau} = -N$, where $Z$ is the number of protons and $N$ the number of neutrons. $Q_W^{\nu_e}$ depends explicitly on $Z$ because of the charged current contribution to $\nu_e e$ elastic scattering, while the $N$ t…

PhysicsElastic scatteringParticle physicsNeutral currentHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesCharge (physics)Weak interactionElectric chargeGravitationHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoCharged current
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