Search results for "Interaction"

showing 10 items of 5710 documents

On the problem of visualizing point distributions in high dimensional spaces

1995

Abstract Exploring dynamical systems with the aid of computer graphics requires that the relevant structures can be seen and be noticed. This poses special problems if the system is multidimensional, and it has to be decided which kind of projection serves the purpose. I propose using the mathematical frame of categories and functors to describe the process of visualization. This allows detecting and analyzing possible sources of misinterpretation in a formal way. The distribution of distances of embedded electroencephalographic data from a fixed reference point is used as an example for discussing some aspects of the visualization process. The multidimensional p-norms are an example of a p…

Theoretical computer scienceDynamical systems theoryFrame (networking)General EngineeringStructure (category theory)Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignVisualizationHuman-Computer InteractionComputer graphicsProjection (mathematics)GraphicsDynamical system (definition)AlgorithmMathematicsComputers & Graphics
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Asymmetric Comparison and Querying of Biological Networks

2011

Comparing and querying the protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of different organisms is important to infer knowledge about conservation across species. Known methods that perform these tasks operate symmetrically, i.e., they do not assign a distinct role to the input PPI networks. However, in most cases, the input networks are indeed distinguishable on the basis of how the corresponding organism is biologically well characterized. In this paper a new idea is developed, that is, to exploit differences in the characterization of organisms at hand in order to devise methods for comparing their PPI networks. We use the PPI network (called Master) of the best characterized organism as a …

Theoretical computer scienceFinite-state machineMatching (graph theory)Computer scienceApplied MathematicsFingerprint (computing)Process (computing)Computational BiologyViterbi algorithmModels BiologicalAutomatonBioinformatics network analysissymbols.namesakeSequence Analysis ProteinLinearizationProtein Interaction MappingGeneticssymbolsProtein Interaction Domains and MotifsSequence AlignmentAlgorithmsBiological networkBiotechnologyIEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
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The su(2|1) Model of Electroweak Interactions and Its Connection to NC Geometry

2002

I review the su(2|1) model of electroweak interactions which is essentially based on the super Lie algebra su(2|1), thus incorporating both usual gauge fields and Higgs fields in one generalized Yang-Mills field. Special emphasis is put on the natural appearance of spontaneous symmetry breaking and other appealing features of the model like generation mixing. Also the connection of the model to noncommutative geometry is briefly discussed.

Theoretical physicsField (physics)Quantum electrodynamicsSpontaneous symmetry breakingHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyElectroweak interactionLie algebraHiggs bosonNoncommutative geometrySpecial unitary groupMathematicsConnection (mathematics)
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IR fingerprints of U(VI) nitrate monoamides complexes: a joint experimental and theoretical study.

2010

Infrared spectra of 0.5 mol·L-1 uranium(VI) nitrate monoamide complexes in toluene have been recorded and compared with infrared spectra calculated by DFT. The investigated monoamides were N,N- dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dibutylformamide (DBF), and N,N- dicyclohexylformamide (DcHF). The validity of DFT calculations for describing uranium nitrate monoamide complexes has been confirmed as a fair agreement between experimental and calculated spectra was obtained. Furthermore, a topological analysis of the electron density has been carried out to characterize monoamide-uranium interactions. From this work, it appears that the increase of stability of uranylmonoamide complexes may be directly …

Theoretical studyElectron densityTopological analysis Engineering controlled terms: DimethylformamideInorganic chemistryDFT calculationStrontium compoundchemistry.chemical_elementInfrared spectroscopyLigand010402 general chemistryTopology01 natural sciencesElectrostatic interactionSpectral linechemistry.chemical_compoundDelocalized electronNitratePositive charge[CHIM]Chemical SciencesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryElectron densitieInfrared spectrumSpectroscopyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSLigand molecule010405 organic chemistrySulfur compoundUraniumTolueneN N-Dimethylformamide0104 chemical sciencesStable complexe[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrychemistryOrganic solventUraniumPhysical chemistryDegree of polarizationDegree of polarizationMonoamideUranium compounds Engineering main heading: ComplexationTolueneThe journal of physical chemistry. A
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PMMA-titania nanocomposites: Properties and thermal degradation behavior

2012

Titania nanoparticles were prepared using a solegel method and calcination at 200 and 600 � C in order to obtain anatase and rutile phases, respectively. The obtained powders were used to prepare PMMAe titania nanocomposites by a melt compounding method. The effect of the crystalline phase and the amount of titania, in the range 1e5 wt.%, on the morphology, mechanical properties and thermal degradation kinetics of PMMA was investigated by means of X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), 13 C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 13 C{ 1 H}CP-MAS NMR), including the measurement of proton spinelattice relaxation time in t…

Thermogravimetric analysisAnataseMaterials sciencePolymers and Plasticslaw.inventionlawnanocompositesPMMA Titania Nanocomposites Interfacial interaction Properties Degradation kineticsMaterials ChemistrytitaniaCalcinationFourier transform infrared spectroscopyComposite materialSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisicachemistry.chemical_classificationNanocompositePolymerDynamic mechanical analysisCondensed Matter PhysicsPMMAAmorphous soliddegradation kineticsChemical engineeringchemistryMechanics of MaterialspropertiesPMMA; titania; nanocomposites; interfacial interaction; properties; degradation kineticsinterfacial interaction
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Characterization of Hydrophilic Gold(I) N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes as Potent TrxR Inhibitors Using Biochemical and Mass Spectrometric App…

2017

We report here on the synthesis of a series of mono-and dinuclear gold(I) complexes exhibiting sulfonated bis(NHC) ligands and novel hydroxylated mono(NHC) Au(I) compounds, which were also examined for their 'biological activities. Initial cell viability assays show strong antiproliferative activities of the hydroxylated mono(NHC) gold compounds (8 > 9 > 10) against 2008 human ovarian cancer cells even after 1 h incubation. In order to gain insight into the mechanism of biological action of the gold compounds, their effect on the pivotal cellular target seleno-enzyme thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), involved in the maintenance of intracellular redox balance, was investigated in depth. Th…

Thioredoxin Reductase 1AuranofinSilverStereochemistryThioredoxin reductaseThioredoxin Reductase 2WATER-SOLUBLE RUTHENIUM(II)Antineoplastic Agents010402 general chemistryG-quadruplexLigandsIN-VITRO CYTOTOXICITYLIGANDS SYNTHESIS01 natural sciencesInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDrug StabilityThioredoxin Reductase 1Coordination ComplexesTHIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE INHIBITIONCell Line TumormedicineOrganogold CompoundsAnimalsHumansCRYSTAL-STRUCTURESPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCANCER CELLSBIOLOGICAL-PROPERTIES010405 organic chemistryChemistryMOLECULAR-MECHANISMSDNA0104 chemical sciencesRatsG-QuadruplexesGlutathione ReductaseSolubilityBiological targetCancer cellPLATINUM ANTICANCER DRUGSMETAL-COMPLEXESGoldReactive Oxygen SpeciesCarbeneHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsOrganogold Compoundsmedicine.drugInorganic Chemistry
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A Multi-Component Reaction towards the Development of Highly Modular Hydrogelators

2018

Herein we report a multi‐component reaction approach for the development of a new class of hydrogelators based on the OxoTriphenylHexanOate (OTHO) backbone. A focused library of OTHOs has been synthesized and their hydrogelation features evaluated. The two most potent hydrogelators were studied by rheology revealing different stiffness, appearances and thixotropic behavior of the gels. The new gelators showcase the versatility of the OTHO backbone as a platform for the design of functionalized hydrogels with tunable gel properties. peerReviewed

Thixotropymulticomponent reactionNanotechnologypi interactions010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysispyridine N-oxideRheologyMulti-component reactionta116geelitkemiallinen synteesi010405 organic chemistryChemistrybusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryGeneral Chemistryself-assemblyModular designgels0104 chemical sciencesSelf-healing hydrogelsSelf-assemblybusiness
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Three-dimensional analysis of load transfer micro-mechanisms in fibre/matrix composites

2009

International audience; This study gives a detailed analysis of load distributions around fibre breaks in a composite. In contrast to other studies reported in the literature, the analysis considers different configurations of composite damage from the failure of a few to the failure of many fibres. The model considers three types of matrix behaviours (elastic, elastic–plastic and viscoelastic) with or without debonding at the broken fibre/matrix interface. In this way, the usual limitations of the finite element approach are overcome so as to take into account the number and interactions of broken fibres whilst maintaining an evaluation of the various fields (stresses in particular).

Three dimensional analysisMaterials scienceFibre matrix interactionFinite element approachComposite number[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]General EngineeringDamage accumulation02 engineering and technologyUnidirectional composites021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyViscoelasticityFinite element modellingMatrix (mathematics)020303 mechanical engineering & transports0203 mechanical engineeringDebondingLoad transferCeramics and Composites[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Micro mechanismComposite material0210 nano-technology
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PHEA-graft-polybutylmethacrylate copolymer microparticles for delivery of hydrophobic drugs.

2012

Abstract Polymeric microparticles encapsulating two model hydrophobic drugs, beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) and flutamide (FLU) were prepared by using the high pressure homogenization-solvent evaporation method starting from a oil-in-water emulsion. For the preparation of polymeric microparticles a α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)- d , l -aspartamide (PHEA) graft copolymer with comb like structure was properly synthesized via grafting from atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique, by using two subsequent synthetic steps. In the first step a polymeric multifunctional macroinitiator was obtained by the conjugation of a proper number of 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide (BIB) residues to the…

Time FactorsBioadhesivePharmaceutical ScienceCell LineDrug Delivery SystemsPolymethacrylic AcidsPolymer chemistryMucoadhesionCopolymerSide chainHumansPhea polybutylmethacrylate microparticles drug deliveryParticle SizeGlucocorticoidsDrug CarriersDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistryAtom-transfer radical-polymerizationBeclomethasoneAdhesivenessAndrogen AntagonistsGraftingFlutamideMicrospheresPolymerizationDelayed-Action PreparationsEmulsionSolventsNanoparticlesEmulsionsCaco-2 CellsPeptidesHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsInternational journal of pharmaceutics
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Follow-up trends of parasite community alteration in a marine fish after the Prestige oil-spill: shifting baselines?

2008

This study evaluates the follow-up trends in the composition and structure of the parasite communities in the marine sparid Boops boops after the Prestige oil-spill. A total of 400 fish comprising 11 seasonal samples was analyzed from three impacted localities on the Atlantic coast of Spain. A large number of parasite species was recovered only after the spill thus suggesting a substantial alteration of the marine food webs. Post-spill communities exhibited higher richness and abundance due to the significant changes in the abundance of the common species, the latter indicating accelerated parasite transmission rates. Multivariate analyses at two nested scales detected a directional trend i…

Time FactorsHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisParasitic Diseases AnimalEcological successionToxicologyHost-Parasite InteractionsDisastersFish DiseasesCommon speciesAbundance (ecology)Parasite hostingAnimalsParasitesSeawaterEcosystemPopulation DensitybiologyEcologyEcologyAquatic animalGeneral MedicineBoops boopsBiodiversitybiology.organism_classificationPollutionPerciformesTrend analysisGeographySpainSpecies richnessBiologieFuel OilsWater Pollutants ChemicalEnvironmental MonitoringEnvironmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
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