Search results for "Interaction"

Establishment and interspecific associations in two species of Ichthyocotylurus (Trematoda) parasites in perch (Perca fluviatilis)

2011

Background: Co-infections of multiple parasite species in hosts may lead to interspecific associations and subsequently shape the structure of a parasite community. However, few studies have focused on these associations in highly abundant parasite species or, in particular, investigated how the associations develop with time in hosts exposed to co-infecting parasite species for the first time. We investigated metacercarial establishment and interspecific associations in the trematodes Ichthyocotylurus variegatus and I. pileatus co-infecting three age cohorts of young perch (Perca fluviatilis). Results: We found that the timing of transmission of the two Ichthyocotylurus species was very si…

Preceding Host History of Conjugative Resistance Plasmids Affects Intra- and Interspecific Transfer Potential from Biofilm

2023

Conjugative plasmids can confer antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to their host bacterium. The plasmids disperse even between distantly related host species, rescuing the host from otherwise detrimental effects of antibiotics. Little is known about the role of these plasmids in the spread of AMR during antibiotic treatment. One unstudied question is whether the past evolutionary history of a plasmid in a particular species creates host specificity in its rescue potential or if interspecific coevolution can improve interspecific rescues. To study this, we coevolved the plasmid RP4 under three different host settings; solely Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae, or alternating between both …

Prometeo genetista? Per il superamento dell'opposizione natura/cultura, una prospettiva antropopoietica ed ecopoietica

2019

During the XVIIth Century, particularly with Descartes, appeared the modern concept of nature: a nature as object submitted to the reason of man. Contrary to what is generally assumed, this « nature » as domain to be worked out by man does not depend on the Greek concept of phusis. It is not to be opposed either to the modern concept of « culture ». On the contrary the Greek phusis as dynamical process invites us to think the relationship between nature and culture, or rather between the environment and the communities of men which live in it and through it in terms of a necessary interaction. The Greek phusis leads to a critique of the modern, neoliberal paradigm of natural ressources to b…

Solid-liquid interactions in human lung system enhanced by yttrium and REE distribution in Broncho-alveolar lavages.

2010

Literature review data for conceptual framework of UX dimensions

2022

A narrative literature review was conducted to identify 50 most cited research articles on user experience (UX). The focus on finding UX definitions that can be divided into dimensions via conceptual analysis to create of a conceptual analysis framework of UX dimensions that can be utilised in analysing different experience concepts for developing the concept of total experience (TX). ACM Digital Library was utilized as the database. Research articles were selected based on the following inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the ACM Digital Library database, “User Experience” was used as a search keyword. The search resulted in a total of 30,723 publications. Due to a large number of publica…

My Extended Body - From Cyborgs to Robots to Cyborgs

2019

Toward Self-Aware Robots

2018

Despite major progress in Robotics and AI, robots are still basically “zombies” repeatedly achieving actions and tasks without understanding what they are doing. Deep-Learning AI programs classify tremendous amounts of data without grasping the meaning of their inputs or outputs. We still lack a genuine theory of the underlying principles and methods that would enable robots to understand their environment, to be cognizant of what they do, to take appropriate and timely initiatives, to learn from their own experience and to show that they know that they have learned and how. The rationale of this paper is that the understanding of its environment by an agent (the agent itself and its effect…

Experiments in Artificial Theory of Mind: From Safety to Story-Telling

2018

Theory of mind is the term given by philosophers and psychologists for the ability to form a predictive model of self and others. In this paper we focus on synthetic models of theory of mind. We contend firstly that such models—especially when tested experimentally—can provide useful insights into cognition, and secondly that artificial theory of mind can provide intelligent robots with powerful new capabilities, in particular social intelligence for human-robot interaction. This paper advances the hypothesis that simulation-based internal models offer a powerful and realisable, theory-driven basis for artificial theory of mind. Proposed as a computational model of the simulation theory of …

Experimental FTIR-MI and Theoretical Studies of Isocyanic Acid Aggregates

2023

Homoaggregates of isocyanic acid (HNCO) were studied using FTIR spectroscopy combined with a low-temperature matrix isolation technique and quantum chemical calculations. Computationally, the structures of the HNCO dimers and trimers were optimized at the MP2, B3LYPD3 and B2PLYPD3 levels of theory employing the 6-311++G(3df,3pd) basis set. Topological analysis of the electron density (AIM) was used to identify the type of non-covalent interactions in the studied aggregates. Five stable minima were located on the potential energy surface for (HNCO)2, and nine were located on the potential energy surface for (HNCO)3. The most stable dimer (D1) involves a weak, almost linear N-H⋯N hydrog…

Matrix Isolation FTIR and Theoretical Study of Weakly Bound Complexes of Isocyanic Acid with Nitrogen.

2021

Weak complexes of isocyanic acid (HNCO) with nitrogen were studied computationally employing MP2, B2PLYPD3 and B3LYPD3 methods and experimentally by FTIR matrix isolation technique. The results show that HNCO interacts specifically with N2. For the 1:1 stoichiometry, three stable minima were located on the potential energy surface. The most stable of them involves a weak, almost linear hydrogen bond from the NH group of the acid molecule to nitrogen molecule lone pair. Two other structures are bound by van der Waals interactions of N⋯N and C⋯N types. The 1:2 and 2:1 HNCO complexes with nitrogen were computationally tracked as well. Similar types of interactions as in the 1:1 complexes were …