Search results for "Interferons"
showing 10 items of 92 documents
Combination therapy with amantadine and interferon in naı̈ve patients with chronic hepatitis C: meta-analysis of individual patient data from six cli…
2003
Abstract Background/Aims In chronic hepatitis C, clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of amantadine (AMA) and interferon (INF) compared to INF monotherapy, have produced conflicting results. We performed a meta-analysis of the individual patient's data from previous studies. Methods Nine hundred and seventy-two patients from six European centres were evaluated by means of individual patient meta-analysis, using mixed models with centres and the centre–treatment interaction fitted as random variables. Results At the end of therapy, virological responses were 38.5% (95% CI 34.1–42.8) after INF and AMA, and 29.5% (95% CI 25.5–33.6) after INF alone (P=0.003). Sustained response occurred in 1…
Effects of IL28B rs12979860 CC Genotype on Metabolic Profile and Sustained Virologic Response in Patients With Genotype 1 Chronic Hepatitis C
2013
Patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C (G1 CHC) frequently develop steatosis and insulin resistance (IR), caused by metabolic and viral factors. These accelerate the progression of liver disease and reduce the response to therapy. A sustained virologic response (SVR) to therapy in patients with G1 CHC is associated strongly with polymorphisms near the interleukin-28B (IL28B) gene, but the interaction between IL28B genotype and IR, and their combined effects on SVR, have not been defined. We tested the association between the IL28B rs12979860 single-nucleotide polymorphism and metabolic features, including IR, and evaluated their effects on SVR.We performed genotype analysis of IL28B r…
Long term clinical outcome of chronic hepatitis C patients with sustained virological response to interferon monotherapy.
2004
Background: The key end point for treatment efficacy in chronic hepatitis C is absence of detectable virus at six months after treatment. However, the incidence of clinical events during long term follow up of patients with sustained virological response is still poorly documented and may differ between the Eastern and Western world. Aims: To assess clinical end points during long term follow up of European patients with a sustained virological response to interferon monotherapy. Methods: Meta-analysis of individual patient data from eight European protocolled follow up studies of interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Results: A total of 286 sustained virological responders and 50 b…
Consensus interferon and ribavirin for patients with chronic hepatitis C and failure of previous interferon-alpha therapy.
2006
BACKGROUND The efficacy of consensus interferon (CIFN), a synthetic IFN with optimised in vitro activity, was assessed in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients who had failed the pretreatment with interferon-alpha (IFNalpha) and ribavirin. METHODS One hundred and three patients after non-response (n=69) or relapse (n=34) to IFNalpha+/-ribavirin were randomly assigned to high-dose induction (CIFN 27-->9 microg daily for 24 weeks, 9 microg t.i.w. for 24 weeks) or low-dose treatment (CIFN 18 microg t.i.w. for 12 weeks, 9 microg t.i.w. for 36 weeks); each with ribavirin 800 mg/day. Follow-up was 24 weeks. RESULTS Non-responder patients treated with high-dose induction had higher early virolo…
Divergent in vivo and in vitro antileukemic activity of recombinant interferon beta in patients with chronic-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia
1993
It was the aim of this study to investigate the antileukemic activities of recombinant interferon beta (rIFN beta) in chronic-phase CML in vitro and in vivo. Nine patients in the early chronic-phase of CML were treated in a phase-II trial with escalating doses of rIFN beta. In parallel, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activities of rIFN beta and rIFN alpha 2b were studied in vitro. rIFN beta exhibited a significantly higher antiproliferative activity on hematopoietic progenitor cells of CML patients in vitro than rIFN alpha 2b. In contrast, only very limited clinical antileukemic efficacy of rIFN beta was observed. None of the patients achieved a complete or partial hematologic respo…
Evidence of bias in randomized clinical trials of hepatitis C interferon therapies
2017
Introduction: Bias may occur in randomized clinical trials in favor of the new experimental treatment because of unblinded assessment of subjective endpoints or wish bias. Using results from published trials, we analyzed and compared the treatment effect of hepatitis C antiviral interferon therapies experimental or control. Methods: Meta-regression of trials enrolling naïve hepatitis C virus patients that underwent four therapies including interferon alone or plus ribavirin during past years. The outcome measure was the sustained response evaluated by transaminases and/or hepatitis C virus-RNA serum load. Data on the outcome across therapies were collected according to the assigned arm (exp…
The effect of interferon on the liver in chronic hepatitis C: a quantitative evaluation of histology by meta-analysis.
1997
Several randomized clinical trials of interferon in chronic hepatitis C have examined the histological changes in paired biopsy specimens. We have attempted a quantitative evaluation by meta-analysis.Randomized Clinical Trials found by MEDLINE search were included if: a) they compared different IFN regimens with non-active treatment or with each other, b) they obtained biopsies before starting and at the time of stopping IFN in a sizable proportion of the treated and control patients, and c) they assessed the biopsy-specimens semi-quantitatively according to Scheuer's numerical scoring system or Knodell's Histological Activity Index, with quantitation of fibrosis and of lobular, portal and …
Impairment of intracellular antiviral defense with age: age-dependent changes in expression of interferon-induced and double-stranded RNA-activated 2…
1995
The 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A) system is involved in the defense of mammalian cells against virus infection. In a previous study [25], we demonstrated that the activities of the enzymes which synthesize and degrade 2-5A [2-5A synthetase (2-5OAS) and 2',3'-exoribonuclease] and of the enzyme that is activated by 2-5A (ribonuclease L) change during aging and development in different tissues of rat. The age-dependent decrease in 2-5OAS activity and increase in 2-5A nuclease activity results in a decrease in the cellular 2-5A content, suggesting that the efficiency of the antiviral 2-5A system is impaired in aged rats. Here we determined the age-dependent changes in the level of mRNA coding for…
When and how to treat acute hepatitis C?
2003
Background: Appropriate treatment of acute hepatitis C is still a matter of controversy due to the lack of large controlled trials. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of interferon as treatment for acute hepatitis C by meta-analysis. Methods: MEDLINE search (1985-2002) was supplemented with manual searches of reference lists. Studies were included if they were controlled trials comparing interferon to no treatment and if they included patients with either post-transfusion or sporadic acute hepatitis C. Twelve trials were analyzed (414 patients). The outcome assessed was the sustained virological response (SVR) rate (undetectable hepatitis C virus RNA in serum at least 6 months after cessation…
Binding of Tat Protein to TAR Region of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Blocks TAR-Mediated Activation of (2′-5′)Oligoadenylate Synthetase
1990
The TAR sequence of the 5' leader of HIV-1 long terminal repeat-directed mRNA was found to be able to bind to and to activate double-stranded RNA-dependent (2'-5')A synthetase. Binding of TAR to the purified synthetase in vitro was abolished by addition of HIV-1 Tat protein, which binds to this sequence with a high affinity. Inhibition of TAR-mediated activation of (2'-5')A synthetase by Tat was prevented in the presence of the Zn2+ and Cd2+ chelators o-phenanthroline and penicillamine, which did not impair TAR-synthetase interaction. Transient expression assays of bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene in HeLa cells revealed that the levels of both CAT mRNA and CAT protein …