Search results for "Interpersonal Relationship"

Meaning in Life in Three Samples of Elderly Persons with High Cognitive Functioning

2001

The study examined the relationships between meaning in life and cognitive functioning in three elderly samples. The participants in Sample I were 78 persons aged 82–87, in Sample II 182 persons aged 83–92, and in Sample III 299 persons aged 65—69. The samples took part in interviews and cognitive tests in 1996–1997. Several interview questions together with the Sense of Coherence questionnaire were used to study the degree and content of meaning in life. Cognitive functioning was measured by Digit Span, Digit Symbol, and Word Fluency in Sample I and Mini-D in Samples II and III. Each sample was divided into the group of persons with high cognitive functioning (including those whose result…

Changes in quality of life in visually impaired patients after low-vision rehabilitation.

2013

The objective of the study was to assess the impact of low-vision aids on quality of life. Interviews included a modified version of the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (Modified German NEI VFQ-25), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Mini-Mental State Examination Blind, and Indicators of the Rehabilitation Status. These were conducted before and 5 months after low-vision rehabilitation that involved recommendation of devices and instructing patients on how to use them. Of a total of 88 patients interviewed before low-vision rehabilitation, 50 patients could be reached for the follow-up interview. A huge proportion of the sample reported clinically signifi…

The association among interpersonal problems, binge behaviors, and self-esteem, in the assessment of obese individuals

2011

Abstract Objectives Although disordered eating has been assumed to be associated with interpersonal problems, there is a lack of research regarding the relationship between interpersonal problems and obesity. This study explored associations among self-esteem, binge behaviors, and interpersonal problems in obese individuals, by contrasting obese persons with overweight persons, and to investigate whether body mass index (BMI), binge behaviors, and self-esteem predict interpersonal problems in obese individuals. Methods A group of nonobese overweight people (n = 65; BMI range, 25-29.9 kg/m 2 ) and a group of obese people (n = 78; BMI >35 kg/m 2 ) were selected from 224 people attending a men…

Stable same-sex friendships with higher achieving partners promote mathematical reasoning in lower achieving primary school children

2015

This study is designed to investigate friend influence over mathematical reasoning in a sample of 374 children in 187 same-sex friend dyads (184 girls in 92 friendships; 190 boys in 95 friendships). Participants completed surveys that measured mathematical reasoning in the 3rd grade (approximately 9 years old) and one year later in the 4th grade (approximately 10 years old). Analyses designed for dyadic data (i.e., longitudinal Actor-Partner Interdependence Models) indicated that higher achieving friends influenced the mathematical reasoning of lower achieving friends, but not the reverse. Specifically, greater initial levels of mathematical reasoning among higher achieving partners in the …

Legal and assistance aspects of Alzheimer's disease: analysis of 100 cases.

2003

Caring for patients with disabling cognitive diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other progressive dementias, has a number of legal and social welfare implications. The two main problems to be discussed with patients and caregivers are the need for a legal guardian and requests for government financial support, both of which depend on the patient's progressive loss of autonomy and increasing need for assistance. In order to study the presence of these two support measures, we considered 100 AD patients (56 women and 44 men) divided in four groups on the basis of the stage of the disease: mild (25), moderate (34) and severe (32), or death (9). We investigated the number of caregiv…

School Mediation under the Spotlight: What Spanish Secondary Students Think of Mediation

2019

Educational professionals and policy-makers need to update their strategies to address and prevent school violence. Mediation has proved to be a useful tool for peace-building in different countries by developing individuals, their relationships, and the school climate. However, little research has assessed mediation practices. This study aims to evaluate mediation through the perceptions of secondary school students in Spain in order to highlight strengths and weaknesses of school mediation programs. It specifically aims to learn from the assessment by those who attended mediation and to detect whether there exist any significant differences regarding gender and school year. To do this, we…

Hacia la transformación de la escuela. Valoración de un programa de convivencia a partir de la voz del alumnado y del profesorado

2016

<p class="AbstractText">Learning to coexist continues to be one of the challenges faced by the current educational system, especially for those schools located in contexts at risk of social exclusion where the violence rate increases on a daily basis. The main aim sought by the present study consists in assessing the impact of a program developed at an educational center located in a vulnerable neighborhood of the city of Valencia (Spain). It is a quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest research with a control group that involved a total of 109 teachers and students. It deserves to be highlighted that this paper forms part of a broader research initiative, for which reason the results ob…

2020

How does sexual attraction alter social interaction behavior? We examined the influence of sexual orientation on locomotor approach-avoidance behavior and interpersonal distance. We immersed androphilic and gynophilic male subjects into a virtual environment and presented various male and female virtual persons. In the first experiment, subjects took a step forward (approach) or backward (avoidance) in response to the sex of the virtual person. We measured reaction time, peak velocity, and step size, and obtained ratings of sexual attractiveness in every trial. In the second experiment, subjects had to approach the virtual person as if they were to engage in a social interaction. Here, we a…

Perceived Reciprocity and Well-Being at Work in Non-Professional Employees: Fairness or Self-Interest?

2012

This article assesses the links between non-professional employees' perceptions of reciprocity in their relationships with their supervisors and the positive and negative sides of employees' well-being at work: burnout and engagement. Two hypotheses were explored. First, the fairness hypothesis assumes a curvilinear relationship where balanced reciprocity (when the person perceives that there is equilibrium between his/her efforts and the benefits he/she receives) presents the highest level of well-being. Second, the self-interest hypothesis proposes a linear pattern where over-benefitted situations for employees (when the person perceives that he/she is receiving more than he/she deserves)…

How to make head or tail of ‘bridging’ and ‘bonding’?: addressing the methodological ambiguity1

2008

A distinction has recently been proposed between bridging (or encompassing) and bonding (or inward-looking) social networks. However, existing theoretical contributions remain vague as to the fundamental meaning of both concepts. As a consequence, two distinct interpretations have developed alongside each other. In the present paper, we employ data on voluntary association membership in Flanders to empirically illustrate that both approaches can lead to substantially different outcomes and therefore appear to tap into different dimensions of bridging versus bonding. These findings underline the problematic nature of the current conceptual ambiguity. We conclude that should the bridging/bond…