Search results for "Interstitial"
showing 10 items of 149 documents
Diffusion and Reactions of Photoinduced Interstitial Oxygen Atoms in Amorphous SiO2 Impregnated with 18O-Labeled Interstitial Oxygen Molecules
2014
Both diffusion and reactions of interstitial oxygen atoms (O0) in amorphous SiO2 (a-SiO2) were examined using oxygen-excess a-SiO2 containing 18O-labeled interstitial oxygen molecules (O2) and exposed to F2 laser light (hν = 7.9 eV). Both the F2 laser photolysis of interstitial O2 at 77 K and subsequent heat treatment at ≳200 °C give rise to oxygen exchange between residual interstitial O2 and oxygen atoms in the a-SiO2 network, and these temperatures are far lower than the temperature at which conventional thermal network-interstitial oxygen exchange in unirradiated a-SiO2 occurs (≳700 °C). However, at the initial stage of the low-temperature F2 laser photolysis, an efficient formation of …
Interstitial lung disease associated with drug therapy
2004
Drug-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) is not uncommon, with diverse patterns ranging from benign infiltrates to the potentially fatal acute respiratory distress syndrome. As acute respiratory failure due to drug-associated ILD has an unpredictable onset and rapid time course, establishing a diagnosis is often difficult. An accurate diagnosis is based on clinical, radiological (including high-resolution computed tomography) and histological manifestations, although is often only possible by exclusion. Cancer chemotherapy is commonly associated with acute disease that, on pathology, is often diffuse alveolar damage. Furthermore, a combination of drugs with or without radiotherapy ca…
Pericardium of the frog,Rana esculenta,is morphologically designed as a lymphatic space
2003
The importance of the pericardium and the pericardial fluid (PF) in the control of cardiac function has emerged over the past few years. Despite the acknowledgment that amphibians are exposed to both dehydration and excessive water accumulation, nothing is known about their pericardial structure and the morphological basis of the PF formation. We have studied the parietal pericardium (PP) morphology in Rana esculenta by electron microscopy. SEM images of the inner surface, which lines the pericardial cavity, revealed the presence of large vesicles and many small circular openings. TEM observations showed that the PP is made up of an inner mesothelial lining, often constituted by two layers …
Lung myofibroblasts are characterized by down-regulated cyclooxygenase-2 and its main metabolite, prostaglandin E2.
2013
Background: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)), the main metabolite of cyclooxygenase (COX), is a well-known anti-fibrotic agent. Moreover, myofibroblasts expressing alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), fibroblast expansion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are critical to the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Our aim was to investigate the expression of COX-2 and PGE(2) in human lung myofibroblasts and establish whether fibroblast-myofibroblast transition (FMT) and EMT are associated with COX-2 and PGE(2) down-regulation. Methods: Fibroblasts obtained from IPF patients (n = 6) and patients undergoing spontaneous pneumothorax (control, n = 6) and alveolar epithelial ce…
Interstitielle Nephritis bei atypischer Manifestation eines Sj�gren's Syndrom
1980
A patient was observed with interstitial nephritis which resulted in renal tubular acidosis (distal type), tubular proteinuria and defective urinary concentrating ability in the absence of edema, elevated arterial blood pressure, glomerular proteinuria or abnormal urinary sediment. The presence of interstitial nephritis was established by renal biopsy which showed dense infiltrates in the interstitium, interstitial fibrosis and thickening and splitting of the pericapillary basal membranes. Immunofluorescence was non contributory. Extrarenal symptoms were discrete (arthralgia of both hands, Raynaud's syndrome upon cold exposure). Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) was suspected because o…
Differentiation of granuloma cells (epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells): a morphometric analysis
1986
Morphometric analysis disclosed distinct differences between blood monocytes, tissue monocytes (i.e. immature macrophages), epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells as well as phagocytic macrophages (i.e. mature macrophages) in the granuloma model of autoimmune (anti-TBM) tubulo-interstitial nephritis. The numerical density of lysosomes decreased slightly in tissue monocytes compared with blood monocytes but showed a pronounced increase during the formation of epithelioid cells. The lysosomal compartments of epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells resembled each other very closely, but the giant cells obviously produced additional lysosomes of small diameter (80-120 nm). Ph…
Acute human pyelonephritis: Leukocytic infiltration of tubules and localization of bacteria
1988
The fine structural details of how leukocytes appear in the lumen of tubules and the localization of bacteria in the tubulo-interstitial space were studied by light and electronmicroscopy in renal cortical biopsy specimens from three patients with acute pyelonephritis. The cells of interstitial infiltrates infiltrated and sometimes disrupted the cortical collecting tubules preferentially, while inflammatory infiltration of the proximal and distal convoluted tubules occurred more rarely. Since the emigration of tubular wall-localized individual leukocytes into the lumen was not observed even in long series of thin sections, focal inflammatory disruption of the uriniferous ducts was considere…
Increased numbers of cytokeratin-positive interstitial reticulum cells (CIRC) in reactive, inflammatory and neoplastic lymphadenopathies: hyperplasia…
1995
A total of 291 enlarged lymph nodes showing a range of reactive-inflammatory processes, primary and metastatic neoplasms were studied to determine the distribution and immunoprofile of their cytokeratin-positive interstitial reticulum cells (CIRC) in comparison with normal nodes. In 258/291 nodes (89%), CIRC numbers were distinctly increased in the subcapsular, paracortical and, occasionally, in the medullary zones; often, these increased CIRC formed networks around follicles, sinuses and vessels. CIRC had comparatively small, irregularly shaped bodies and dendritic processes; occasionally, giant forms were noted. CIRC contained cytokeratins (CK) 8 and 18 but not 19, as shown by immunohisto…
Ultrastructural changes in the interstitial cells of Cajal and gastric dysrhythmias in mice lacking full-length dystrophin (mdxmice)
2003
At least two populations of c-kit positive interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) lie in the gastric wall, one located at the myenteric plexus level has a pace-making function and the other located intramuscularly is intermediary in the neurotransmission and regenerates the slow waves. Both of these ICC sub-types express full-length dystrophin. Mdx mice, an animal model lacking in full-length dystrophin and used to study Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), show gastric dismotilities. The aim of the present study was to verify in mdx mice whether: (i) gastric ICC undergo morphological changes, through immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses; and (ii) there are alterations in the electrica…
Expression of osteopontin messenger RNA and protein in rheumatoid arthritis: Effects of osteopontin on the release of collagenase 1 from articular ch…
2000
Objective Osteopontin (OPN) is an extracellular matrix protein that has been implicated in the interactions between tumor cells and host matrix, including those involved in invasion and spread of tumor cells. Because joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is mediated by the invasive growth of synovial tissue through its attachment to cartilage, we examined the expression of OPN in the synovia of patients with RA and the effect of OPN on the production of collagenase 1 in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts and articular chondrocytes. Methods The expression of OPN messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein in synovia from 10 RA patients was examined by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistr…