Search results for "Intestin"

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST): 40-row multislice computed tomography findings

2006

THE ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: NEW DEVELOPMENTS AND EMERGING CONCEPTS

2011

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is an integrative neuronal network, organized in two ganglionated plexuses, myenteric and submucosal, composed of neurons and enteric glial cells, controlling the activity of the smooth muscle of the gut, mucosal secretion and blood flow. The ENS contains as many neurons as the spinal cord, and the functional and chemical diversity of enteric neurons closely resembles that of the central nervous system. This highly integrated neural system is also referred to as the ‘brain-in-the-gut’, because of its capability to function in the absence of nerve inputs from the central nervous system.

Hydro-MRT mit schnellen Sequenzen bei Morbus Crohn: Vergleich mit der fraktionierten Magen-Darm-Passage

2008

PURPOSE To compare the value of hydro-MRI with that of barium studies in patients with Crohn's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS After an oral bowel opacification using 1000 ml of a 2.5% mannitol solution, axial and coronal breath-hold sequences (T2W HASTE +/- FS, contrast-enhanced T1W FLASH FS) were acquired in 46 patients with Crohn's disease at 1.0 T. The findings of hydro-MRI were compared with those of barium studies. RESULTS In the stomach and the small bowel, hydro-MRI and barium studies demonstrated similar numbers of Crohn's involvements (39 vs. 36); in the colon, hydro-MRI showed clearly more affections (23 vs. 10). Hydro-MRI showed 12.7 cm of inflamed bowel per patient, on average (…

Gene Signatures in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

2011

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) constitute a rare heterogeneous group of the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of gastrointestinal tract (GI). GISTs have emerged during the recent years as a distinct sarcoma entity due to advances in the understanding of molecular mechanism of their pathogenesis. They are believed to originate from precursors shared with interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) – the pacemaker cells of the gut (for which CD117 antigen is the immunohistochemical marker), and they may arise along all GI (most commonly in the stomach or the small bowel) or rarely elsewhere. Their biological behavior is difficult to predict, ranging from clinically benign to malignant. The trea…

Electrical stimulation with motility analysis of five parts of the gastrointestinal tract ; First evaluation of an experimental protocol in a porcine…

2018

Abstract Gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders are frequent and clinically significant conditions with impairment of patient’s quality of life. Examples range from upper GI symptoms such as dysphagia and gastroparesis to lower GI manifestations, namely chronic-intestinal pseudo obstruction, diarrhea and constipation. Furthermore, postoperative motility disorders are common. Currently, available pharmacological or dietetic treatment options are limited. Since GI motility is based on myoelectric activity, electrical stimulation (ES) is a promising alternative. Numerous studies have demonstrated suitable pacing strategies and parameters in different GI segments. However, results of multiloc…

Zur Frage der Darmkontrastierung in der abdominellen Computertomographie

1992

In 56 patients undergoing abdominal CT the gastrointestinal tract was defined by negative contrast instead of the conventional positive contrast from an iodine containing contrast medium. The contrast material was a 2 1/2% mannitol solution and was used for filling the rectum. Filling of the gastrointestinal tract was of similar quality to that obtained with positive contrast media. The number of artifacts due to high contrast boundaries was slightly greater with the negative contrast than it would have been with positive contrast. Differentiation of the gastrointestinal tract from other abdominal organs was equally good for both methods. The negative contrast method was poor in diagnosing …

Investigating different skin and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) pathologies ex vivo by autofluorescence spectroscopy and optical imaging

2017

The skin neoplasias are on a second place in the world statistics of cancer incidence, and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) tumours are also in the “top ten” list. For the most of cutaneous and gastrointestinal tumours could be obtained better prognoses for patients, if an earlier and precise diagnostics procedure is applied. One of the most promising approaches for development of improved diagnostic techniques, is based on optical detection, and analysis of the signatures of biological tissues for detecting the presence of pathological alterations in the investigated objects. It is important to develop and combine novel diagnostic techniques for an accurate early stage diagnosis to improve the…

MR imaging of perianal Crohn’s disease: Is contrast medium necessary?

2010

Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information

Proliferation of gastrointestinal carcinoma cells by T lymphocyte factors interleukin-3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor

1991

Hematopoietic growth factors have been well characterized by cDNA cloning in recent years. In order to determine the influence of rhGM-CSF and rhIL-3 on epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract, their influence on in vitro cultured gastric and pancreas cancer cells was determined. A more than two-fold enhancement of proliferation was observed by IL-3 and GM-CSF in Mz-Sto-1 gastric and 818-4 pancreas carcinoma cells, applying a sensitive microculture system which allows precise quantification. The highest growth rates were obtained adding 1-10 ng/ml of the growth factors, but even picogram amounts were effective. Expression of mRNA for GM-CSF and IL-3 remained undetectable in the cell …

The impact of the gut microbiome in Alzheimer's disease

2020

Abstract Alzheimer's disease is a devastating neurodegenerative disease clearly characterized by loss of synapses, changes in metabolism, and neuronal death in brain tissue. The impact of nutrition and other lifestyle factors on pathomechanisms has been extensively investigated in recent decades. However, one main issue has been out of focus during these research efforts—the human body is not a single entity but provides an ecological niche for a huge number of other organisms, its microbial flora. These microorganisms outnumber the host's genetic pool indisputably. While the human encodes for 30,000 genes, the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract inherits a multitude of commensal micro…