Search results for "Intestinal Cancer"
showing 10 items of 60 documents
Gene polymorphisms of micrornas in Helicobacter pylori-induced high risk atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer.
2013
Background and aims MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known for their function as translational regulators of tumor suppressor or oncogenes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNAs related genes have been shown to affect the regulatory capacity of miRNAs and were linked with gastric cancer (GC) and premalignant gastric conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential associations between miRNA-related gene polymorphisms (miR-27a, miR-146a, miR-196a-2, miR-492 and miR-608) and the presence of GC or high risk atrophic gastritis (HRAG) in European population. Methods Gene polymorphisms were analyzed in 995 subjects (controls: n = 351; GC: n = 363; HRAG: n = 281) of European descen…
Expression of stress protein gp96, a tumor rejection antigen, in human colorectal cancer
2000
Preparations of stress protein gp96 from tumor cells are active as tumor vaccines by eliciting immune responses against mixtures of individual tumor peptide antigens which are complexed to gp96. Due to the individual antigenicity of tumors, a vaccine consisting of tumor-derived gp96 has to be prepared individually for each patient from autologous tumor tissue. So far, gp96 expression by human tumors has not been analyzed. Here, we report stable and mostly homogenous expression of gp96 by colorectal cancer, which was enhanced compared to surrounding tumor stroma in 70% to 80% of colorectal cancer specimens. Fewer non-metastatic than metastatic primary cancer specimens showed enhanced gp96 ex…
Second St. Gallen European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Gastrointestinal Cancer Conference: consensus recommendations on controv…
2016
Contains fulltext : 171468pub.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Primary treatment of rectal cancer was the focus of the second St. Gallen European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Gastrointestinal Cancer Conference. In the context of the conference, a multidisciplinary international expert panel discussed and voted on controversial issues which could not be easily answered using published evidence. Main topics included optimal pretherapeutic imaging, indication and type of neoadjuvant treatment, and the treatment strategies in advanced tumours. Here we report the key recommendations and summarise the related evidence. The treatment strategy for localised rect…
Educational needs in gastrointestinal cancer: a consensus position paper from the ESMO Gastrointestinal Cancer Faculty
2019
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are common in all parts of the world. Effective prevention and early detection of GI cancers are not universally implemented. Therefore, it must be anticipated that the incidence and the mortality of GI cancers will remain high within the next decades. The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Gastrointestinal Cancer Faculty aims to increase the skills of medical oncologists and other disciplines involved in treating GI malignancies. We aimed to increase the survival chances for patients with GI cancers, augment their quality of life and enable successful return to normal social and professional life during the period of survivorship. ESMO also aims to d…
Validation of the prognostic impact of lymphocyte infiltration (LI) in patients (pts) with stage III colon cancer (CC) treated with adjuvant FOLFOX p…
2016
International audience; The prognostic value of LI of CC has been demonstrated by several groups. However no validated test is available for clinical practice. We previously described an automated and reproducible method for testing LI (Allard MA et al2012) and aimed to validate it for clinical use. Methods: According to NIH criteria, we designed a prospective analysis of this biomarker in pts included in the PETACC8 phase III study. Primary objective was to compare % of pts without recurrence at 2 years in pts with high versus low LI (#NCT02364024). Secondary objectives were comparison of disease free (DFS) and overall (OS) survivals, and prognostic value of LI on these endpoints. Automate…
Cyclooxygenases in hepatocellular carcinoma
2006
Many epidemiological studies demonstrate that treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the incidence and mortality of certain malignancies, especially gastrointestinal cancer. The cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes are well-known targets of NSAIDs. However, conventional NSAIDs non-selectively inhibit both the constitutive form COX-1, and the inducible form COX-2. Recent evidence indicates that COX-2 is an important molecular target for anticancer therapies. Its expression is undetectable in most normal tissues, and is highly induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines, mitogens, tumor promoters and growth factors. It is now well-established that COX-2 is chronically overexpr…
Confocal laser endomicroscopy: technical status and current indications.
2006
Confocal laser endomicroscopy is a newly introduced endoscopic tool that makes it possible to carry out confocal microscopic examination of the mucosal layer during ongoing endoscopy. Different types of tissue and diseases can be diagnosed immediately, facilitating early diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancer. Analysis of the in vivo microarchitecture is helpful in targeting biopsies to relevant areas. In addition, subsurface imaging can unmask microscopic diseases - (microscopic colitis) or bacterial infection ( HELICOBACTER PYLORI), for example. Molecular imaging is becoming feasible, and this will shortly open the door to new indications in gastrointestinal endoscopy (e.g., in vivo recepto…
The diagnosis and management of gastric cancer: Expert discussion and recommendations from the 12th ESMO/World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer, B…
2011
Well-recognized experts in the field of gastric cancer discussed during the 12th European Society Medical Oncology (ESMO)/World Congress Gastrointestinal Cancer (WCGIC) in Barcelona many important and controversial topics on the diagnosis and management of patients with gastric cancer. This article summarizes the recommendations and expert opinion on gastric cancer. It discusses and reflects on the regional differences in the incidence and care of gastric cancer, the definition of gastro-esophageal junction and its implication for treatment strategies and presents the latest recommendations in the staging and treatment of primary and metastatic gastric cancer. Recognition is given to the ne…
Immunotherapy in gastrointestinal cancer: Recent results, current studies and future perspectives
2016
The new therapeutic approach of using immune checkpoint inhibitors as anticancer agents is a landmark innovation. Early studies suggest that immune checkpoint inhibition might also be effective in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. To improve the efficacy of immunotherapy, different strategies are currently under evaluation. This review summarises the discussion during the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Translational Research Meeting in Mainz in November 2014 and provides an update on the most recent results of immune therapy in gastrointestinal cancers. Knowledge of potential relationships between tumour cells and their microenv…
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha expression increases during colorectal carcinogenesis and tumor progression
2008
Abstract Background Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) is involved in processes promoting carcinogenesis of many tumors. However, its role in the development of colorectal cancer is unknown. To investigate the significance of HIF-1α during colorectal carcinogenesis and progression we examined its expression in precursor lesions constituting the conventional and serrated pathways, as well as in non-metastatic and metastatic adenocarcinomas. Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western blot is used to analyse HIF-1α expression in normal colonic mucosa, hyperplastic polyps (HPP), sessile serrated adenomas (SSA), low-grade (TA-LGD) and high-grade (TA-HGD) traditional adenomas as well as in n…