Search results for "Intestinal mucosa"
showing 10 items of 373 documents
Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia due to apolipoprotein B R463W mutation causes intestinal fat accumulation and low postprandial lipemia
2008
Abstract Objective Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL) is characterized by inherited low plasma levels of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins. In this paper we investigated whether the already described APOB R463W missense mutation, a FHBL mutation able to impair the activity of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), may cause intestinal fat accumulation and reduced postprandial lipemia. Methods Four out of five probands harboring APOB R463W mutation were compared with six healthy controls and six patients with celiac disease (CD). An oral fat load supplemented with retinyl palmitate (RP) was administered and a gastro-duodenal endoscopy with biopsy was performed. Re…
Interleukin-22 and interleukin-22-producing NKp44+ natural killer cells in subclinical gut inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis
2012
Objective The intestinal inflammation observed in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is characterized by an overexpression of interleukin-23 (IL-23). IL-23 is known to regulate IL-22 production through lamina propria NKp44+ natural killer (NK) cells, which are thought to be involved in protective mucosal mechanisms. This study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of NKp44+ NK cells and the expression of IL-22 in the ileum of AS patients. Methods Tissue NKp44+ NK cells, NKp46+ NK cells, and IL-22–producing cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Quantitative gene expression analysis of IL-22, IL-23, IL-17, STAT-3, and mucin 1 (MUC-1) was performed by reverse transcriptase–polymeras…
A 66-kilodalton heat shock protein of Salmonella typhimurium is responsible for binding of the bacterium to intestinal mucus
1992
Salmonella typhimurium infections have increased during the last few years. However, the interplay of virulence factors in S. typhimurium pathogenesis is still poorly understood, particularly with regard to the mechanisms and components of the bacterium which are involved in its interaction with the intestinal mucus. We have observed that S. typhimurium is aggregated by incubation with colonic mucus (guinea pig model). To quantify this phenomenon, an aggregation assay was established. By using this assay, it was found that the aggregation profile of S. typhimurium strains freshly isolated from patients (age 9 and older) with salmonellosis correlated with the severity of the disease. An isol…
Cytokine Gene Transcription By NF-kappaB Family Members in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
1998
We examined the expression of the transcription factor NF-kappa B, a nuclear trans-acting factor known to play a key role in cytokine gene regulation, in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It was found that LP macrophages in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) display high levels of NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity accompanied by an increased production of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha. Western blot studies showed an increased expression of the p50 and c-rel subunits of NF-kappa B; however, the most striking finding was an increased expression level of NF-kappa B p65 in patients with CD and UC. Selective downregulation of p65 in IBD…
Bacteria-specific T-cell clones are selective in their reactivity towards different enterobacteria or H. pylori and increased in inflammatory bowel d…
1996
In the present study the authors investigated the T-cell response to different enterobacteria or Helicobacter pylori and tested the hypothesis that the frequency of bacteria-specific T cells is increased in the intestine of patients with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), i.e. Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The analysis of a large panel of T-cell clones (Tc) (n = 888) from peripheral blood, non-inflamed and inflamed intestine from IBD patients and control individuals shows that both peripheral blood and intestinal T-cell clones were selectively stimulated by either Salmonella typhimurium, Yersinia enterocolitica 03, Escherichia coli or Helicobacter pylori sonicates,…
Normal intestinal dietary fat and cholesterol absorption, intestinal apolipoprotein B (ApoB) mRNA levels, and ApoB-48 synthesis in a hypobetalipoprot…
1997
Abstract The purpose of this study was to characterize intestinal apolipoprotein B (apoB) metabolism in subjects with familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL), where segregation analysis supports linkage to the apoB gene but no apoB truncations are present. We investigated cholesterol and fat absorption, intestinal apoB mRNA synthesis and editing, as well as apoB-48 synthesis. Plasma triglycerides (TG) and retinyl palmitate in the chylomicron fractions were analyzed after 12 hours of fasting and then repeatedly for 14 hours after ingestion of a vitamin A—containing high-fat meal. Cholesterol absorption was assessed using a dual stable-isotope method. Mean peak times and concentrations and ar…
Production of Anti-Endomysial Antibodies in Cultured Duodenal Mucosa: Usefulness in Coeliac Disease Diagnosis
2002
Although anti-endomysial antibodies (EmA) have been found in the supernatants of cultured intestinal mucosa from patients with coeliac disease (CD), in no study has the clinical reliability of this new diagnostic tool been investigated. Our aims were to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the in vitro production of EmA in CD diagnosis in consecutive patients with suspected CD, and to evaluate the reliability of the in vitro challenge in CD patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD).For the former aim, consecutive patients who were due to undergo intestinal biopsy for suspected diagnosis of CD were enrolled: according to the final diagnosis, these patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 com…
Clinical symptoms in celiac patients on a gluten-free diet.
2008
OBJECTIVE: Persistent villous atrophy in patients with celiac disease (CD) on a gluten-free diet (GFD) is reported with increasing frequency. The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible association between persistent damage of the villi and "atypical" gastrointestinal symptoms in CD patients on a GFD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-nine CD patients on a GFD were divided into two groups: Group A included 42 patients (6 M, 36 F, age range 17-62 years) undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopies (EGDs) due to the presence of symptoms; Group B included 27 control patients (6 M, 21 F, age range 24-71 years) who were asymptomatic at the time of the study. Both groups underwent EGDs and a duodenal h…
Usefulness of abdominal ultrasonography in the analysis of endoscopic activity in patients with Crohn's disease: changes following treatment with imm…
2013
The objective of this study was to analyze the accuracy of abdominal ultrasonography (AUS) in the assessment of mucosal healing in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) receiving immunomodulators and/or biological treatment, with ileocolonoscopy as the reference standard.Thirty patients were included in a prospective longitudinal study. All patients underwent ileocolonoscopy and AUS before and after a minimum of one year of treatment. The Crohn's Disease Endoscopic Inflammatory Index of Severity (CDEIS) was used for endoscopic assessment whereas AUS was analyzed by means of bowel wall thickness, color Doppler grade and percentage of increase of parietal enhancement after contrast injection.In …
Endoscopic and histological findings in the duodenum of adults with celiac disease before and after changing to a gluten-free diet: a 2-year prospect…
2006
Published follow-up data on small-intestinal recovery in patients with celiac disease are scarce and contradictory. This is especially the case for adult patients, who often show incomplete histological recovery after starting a gluten-free diet (GFD). We conducted a 2-year prospective study to evaluate the effectiveness of a GFD in improving the endoscopic and histological duodenal findings in adults with celiac disease.We studied 42 consecutive adults with newly diagnosed celiac disease (13 men, 29 women; mean age 32.7 years, range 15 - 72 years). All the patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy and small-bowel biopsy. We devised our own grading system for the endoscopic appearance o…