Search results for "Intimate partner"

Esperienze sfavorevoli infantili ed Intimate Partner Violence in età adulta

Exploring Neighborhood Influences on Small-Area Variations in Intimate Partner Violence Risk: A Bayesian Random-Effects Modeling Approach

2014

This paper uses spatial data of cases of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) to examine neighborhood-level influences on small-area variations in IPVAW risk in a police district of the city of Valencia (Spain). To analyze area variations in IPVAW risk and its association with neighborhood-level explanatory variables we use a Bayesian spatial random-effects modeling approach, as well as disease mapping methods to represent risk probabilities in each area. Analyses show that IPVAW cases are more likely in areas of high immigrant concentration, high public disorder and crime, and high physical disorder. Results also show a spatial component indicating remaining variability attribut…

Hormonal differences in intimate partner violence perpetrators when they cope with acute stress: A pilot study

2021

Background: Only a few studies have paid attention to the ability of perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPVAW) against women to cope with acute stress, including hormonal pa-rameters. In fact, previous studies assessed how salivary testosterone (Tsal) and cortisol (Csal) changed after coping with an acute emotional stressor (directly related to IPVAW), and they con-cluded that an imbalance between the two hormones might be characteristic of these men. Never-theless, they neglected to examine the role of other hormones, such as salivary oxytocin (OXsal), which also seemed to play an important role in behavioral regulation, and whether this response could be generalized to other types…

Intimate partner violence and perinatal health: a systematic review

2019

Background Physical, psychological, and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) has been described in the literature as different types of IPV experienced by women during pregnancy all over the world. Objectives To review and summarise systematically the empirical evidence on the links between IPV during pregnancy and the perinatal health of mothers and fetuses/neonates. Search strategy MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, Embase, Nursing@ovid (Ovid), and LILACS were performed (2008-2018). Selection criteria Observational studies that examined perinatal health outcomes (i.e. pre-term birth, low birthweight, miscarriage, perinatal death, and premature rupture of membranes) in pregnant women exposed to IPV…

Does country-level gender equality explain individual risk of intimate partner violence against women? A multilevel analysis of individual heterogene…

2019

Abstract Background Gender equality is widely accepted as an important explanatory factor for the occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women. However, the relationship is not straightforward, as high country-level gender equality is not always associated with lower IPV prevalence. We apply ‘multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy’ (MAIHDA) to (i) quantify the extent to which the country of residence determines individual risk of IPV and (ii) investigate the association between country-level gender equality and individual experience of IPV, and to which extent this association explains the observed between-country differences. Methods Usin…

The Relationship Between Internalized Homophobia and Intimate Partner Violence in Same-Sex Relationships: A Meta-Analysis

2018

A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between internalized homophobia and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and victimization in same-sex relationships. The literature search and the application of the inclusion criteria made it possible to identify 10 studies, 2 of which were excluded due to missing data. Therefore, eight studies were finally included in the meta-analysis. The results showed positive and statistically significant associations between internalized homophobia and IPV perpetration and victimization, indicating that higher levels of internalized homophobia were related to higher levels of IPV. Specifically, the pooled effect size for the relat…

Intimate partner violence in older women in Spain: prevalence, health consequences, and service utilization.

2013

The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of lifetime intimate partner violence (IPV) in older women and to analyze its effect on women"s health and Healthcare Services utilization. Women aged 55 years and over (1,676) randomly sampled from Primary Healthcare Services around Spain were included. Lifetime IPV prevalence, types, and duration were calculated. Descriptive and multivariate procedures using logistic and multiple lineal regression models were used. Of the women studied, 29.4% experienced IPV with an average duration of 21 years. Regardless of the type of IPV experienced, abused women showed significantly poorer health and higher healthcare services utilization compar…

Estudio longitudinal del impacto de la violencia de pareja sobre la salud física y el sistema inmune de las mujeres

2009

Introducción: Diversos estudios transversales han demostrado el impacto negativo quela violencia de pareja tiene en la salud mental, en la salud física y en el funcionamientode los sistemas fisiológicos de las mujeres. Si bien, han sido pocos los estudioslongitudinales realizados para establecer la evolución de dicho impacto en la salud delas mujeres a lo largo del tiempo. Objetivos: En este estudio se pretendió, en primerlugar, determinar la evolución del estado de salud física y del funcionamiento delsistema inmune de las mujeres víctimas de violencia de pareja y, en segundo lugar,establecer los factores personales y sociales que contribuyen a la recuperación de lasalud o la perjudican. M…

Taxonomy of homicides of women in intimate partner relationships

2018

RESUMEN La prevención de la violencia contra la pareja supone un problema que ha suscitado gran interés a nivel internacional. El homicidio de pareja es el exponente más grave, aunque su prevalencia sea baja y su etiología compleja. Este trabajo revisa brevemente la descripción del problema desde la perspectiva de género y la existencia de asimetría, la perspectiva de la violencia y su descripción de factores de riesgo diferenciales y el modelo ecológico que relaciona variables personales, contextuales y comunitarias, presentando una propuesta más integradora. Se describen los estudios que analizan y comparan perfiles de homicidas, así como la situación en materia de evaluación del riesgo, …

Attitudes and motivation in the treatment of IPV : a case study of two intimately violent men

2017

This case study used qualitative content analysis to examine the cases of two intimately violent men. Both participated in a group intervention but experienced dramatically different outcomes. In the case of "Henri", the intervention was especially successful, but in the case of "Mikael" it was unsuccessful. The data of this study consisted of the video tapes of the men’s therapy sessions, and of the interviews of their spouses. The research questions were the following: 1) Were there changes in the men’s attitudes toward a) women, b) masculinity and c) violent behavior?, 2) How high was the men’s motivation for treatment and making changes in themselves? and 3) Did their attitudes and moti…