Search results for "Intraocular pressure."
showing 10 items of 225 documents
Chronic social defeat stress causes retinal vascular dysfunction
2021
Abstract Purpose The roles of vascular dysfunction and chronic stress have been extensively discussed in the pathophysiology of glaucoma. Our aim was to test whether chronic stress causes retinal vascular dysfunction and therewith induces retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) loss. Methods Twelve mice underwent chronic social defeat (CSD) stress, while 12 mice received control treatment only. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured with a rebound tonometer. Blood plasma corticosterone concentration and adrenal gland weight were used to assess stress levels. Brn-3a staining in retinas and PPD staining in optic nerve cross sections were conducted to assess the survival of RGCs and axons respectively.…
Repeated intraocular pressure measurement in awake Lewis rats does not bias retinal ganglion cell survival.
2010
The TonoPen applanation tonometry is an established method for intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement. The IOP is one of the main variables affecting retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss in experimental animal models in ophthalmology and the main risk factor for human glaucoma. In this study, we examined if IOP measurements with the TonoPen itself lead to retinal ganglion cell loss or any other possible retina damages, such as intraocular bleedings or ablation, in Lewis rats.Three groups of rats (n = 5 each) were formed. IOP monitoring, using a TonoPen XL, was performed on groups 1 and 3. Animals in groups 1 and 2 received funduscopies before and after one and two weeks of the study, in order t…
A two-year follow-up of oral antioxidant supplementation in primary open-angle glaucoma: an open-label, randomized, controlled trial
2014
Purpose To evaluate the effect of oral antioxidant supplementation (OAS) on primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) over a 2-year follow-up period. Patients and methods In this open-label, randomized controlled trial, 117 eyes of 117 patients with mild or moderate POAG and intraocular pressure under control with topical antiglaucoma medications were recruited and randomly divided into three groups according to supplementation: (1) OAS with (ICAPS R® – Alcon Laboratories, n = 26); (2) OAS without ω-3 fatty acids (OFTAN MACULA® – Laboratorios Esteve, n = 28); and (3) a control group without OAS (n = 63). They all underwent visual field (VF) tests (Humphrey 24-2) and scans using a Fourier-domain op…
Intereye Spatial Relationship of Abnormal Neuroretinal Rim Locations in Glaucoma Patients from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study
2006
Purpose To determine the spatial relationship in neuroretinal rim parameter values between eyes in ocular hypertensives, glaucoma suspects, and glaucoma patients. Design Observational-cross-sectional study. Methods A total of 334 eyes of 167 patients were included. All patients underwent confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy imaging in both eyes. Intereye concordance ratio of abnormal rim sectors as classified by the Moorfield regression analysis (MRA) was calculated as the ratio of matching abnormal rim areas to the total number of abnormal rim areas. The amount of agreement was calculated for each sector separately. Results Of the right (left) eyes, 39 (39) eyes were classified “borderli…
Autoreactive Antibodies and Loss of Retinal Ganglion Cells in Rats Induced by Immunization with Ocular Antigens
2011
PURPOSE In an experimental autoimmune animal model, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss was induced through immunization with glaucoma-related antigens. The target of this study was to investigate the pathomechanism behind this decline and the serum antibody reactivity against ocular and neuronal tissues after immunization with glaucoma- and non-glaucoma-associated antigens. METHODS Rats immunized with optic nerve antigen homogenate (ONA) or keratin (KER) were compared to control rats (CO). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured, and the fundi were examined regularly. Four weeks afterward, cells were counted in retinal flat mounts. Retina, optic nerve, and brain sections from healthy animals …
Analysis of Autoantibody Repertoires in Sera of Patients with Glaucoma
2003
PURPOSE Glaucoma is the second cause of blindness worldwide. It is usually considered a neurodegenerative disease. There is evidence that an autoimmune mechanism is involved in the development of glaucoma in some patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the IgG autoantibody repertoires in sera of glaucoma patients and healthy subjects. METHODS A total of 82 patients were divided into four groups: healthy volunteers without any ocular disorders (CO, n = 30), patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG, n = 19), ocular hypertension (OHT, n = 16), and normal tension glaucoma (NTG, n = 17). All groups were matched for age and gender. The sera of these patients were tested against West…
Relationship between Psychophysical Measures of Retinal Ganglion Cell Density and In Vivo Measures of Cone Density in Glaucoma.
2017
Purpose Considerable between-individual variation in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) density exists in healthy individuals, making identification of change from normal to glaucoma difficult. In ascertaining local cone-to-RGC density ratios in healthy individuals, we wished to investigate the usefulness of objective cone density estimates as a surrogate of baseline RGC density in glaucoma patients, and thus a more efficient way of identifying early changes. Design Exploratory cohort study. Participants Twenty glaucoma patients (60% women) with a median age of 54 years and mean deviation (MD) in the visual field of –5 dB and 20 healthy controls (70% women) with a median age of 57 years and a mean…
Retrograde Maculopathy in Patients With Glaucoma
2017
PURPOSE Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis can be used for quantitative measures of optic nerve atrophy at a location far from the optic nerve head. This recently led to the finding of microcystic macular edema (MME), that is vacuolar inclusions in the macular inner nuclear layer, in some glaucoma patients. The involvement of individual retinal layers is yet unclear in glaucoma. In this study we systematically investigated glaucoma-induced changes in macular layers to evaluate whether glaucoma-associated damage extends beyond the macular ganglion cell layer. PATIENTS AND METHODS We included 218 consecutive patients and 282 eyes with confirmed primary open-angle glaucoma or …
Course of intraocular pressure after intravitreal injection of 0.05 mL ranibizumab (Lucentis).
2009
Purpose This prospective study examines the changes in short-term intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) receiving intravitreal injections of 0.05 mL ranibizumab (Lucentis®) in a supine position. Methods A total of 45 eyes (45 patients, 16 M, 29 F, mean age: 78 y) received intravitreal ranibizumab injections for treatment of wet AMD (0.05 mL = 0.5 mg). The IOP was measured by Schiötz tonometry immediately preoperatively and postoperatively, and also after 3 and 10 minutes in a supine position. No history of glaucoma was present. Results The mean preoperative IOP was 22.4±5.5 mmHg in supine position. Immediately after the injection, IOP increas…
Serum autoantibodies to alpha-fodrin are present in glaucoma patients from Germany and the United States.
2006
PURPOSE Glaucoma is characterized by a progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells that results in a characteristic optic neuropathy associated with visual field loss. In previous studies, changes in the antibody profiles have been shown in the sera of patients with glaucoma, and these findings suggest a role for autoimmune involvement in the pathogenesis of glaucoma in some patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the antibody profiles against optic nerve antigens in patients with glaucoma in two different study populations from Germany and the United States. METHODS One hundred twenty patients were included in the study, 60 from Germany and 60 from the United States: a control gr…