Search results for "Intrinsic"

showing 10 items of 386 documents

Viscometric study on the compatibility of polymer–polymer mixtures in solution

1999

Abstract The viscosity behaviour of mixtures formed by two uncharged polymers in dilute solution has been studied at 25°C. The ternary systems assayed, and denoted solvent (1)/ polymer (2)/ polymer (3), have in common the poly(ether sulphone) (PES) as polymer 2, and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or poly(styrene) (PS) as polymer 3. The intrinsic viscosity and the viscometric interaction parameters have been experimentally measured for the binary (solvent/polymer) as well as for the ternary systems, and also theoretically evaluated for the latter. The estimation of the compatibility degree of the above polymer pairs have been done by means of three criteri…

chemistry.chemical_classificationTernary numeral systemMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsIntrinsic viscosityOrganic ChemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyPolymerFlory–Huggins solution theorySolventchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryDimethylformamidePhysical chemistryMethyl methacrylateTernary operationEuropean Polymer Journal
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Viscometric behaviour of polymer blends based on poly (vinylidene fluoride)

1994

The viscosity behaviour of dilute dimethylformamide solutions of poly(vinylidene fluoride)-poly (methyl methacrylate) and poly(vinylidene fluoride)-polystyrene has been studied at 25°C. The polymer concentration ranges are such that neither phase separation nor microgel formation occurs, although we are very close to theta conditions. The intrinsic viscosity and viscosity interaction parameter of the ternary mixtures have been calculated. The estimation of the compatibility of the above polymer pairs has been studied based on: a) specific viscosities; b) viscosity interaction parameters, according to Krigbaum and Wall formalism, and c) viscosity interaction parameters of a system formed by …

chemistry.chemical_classificationTernary numeral systemMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsIntrinsic viscosityRelative viscosityPolymerFlory–Huggins solution theoryPhysics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryChemical engineeringPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPolymer blendPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMethyl methacrylateFluorideColloid & Polymer Science
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Correlation between transport and equilibrium properties through the ternary interaction parameter for cosolvent and cononsolvent polymeric systems

1992

A study of the ternary polymer systems dimethyl formamide-ethyl acetate-polystyrene, chloroform-1,4 dioxane-polystyrene and tetrahydrofuran-chloroform-polystyrene was carried out by viscosity and light scattering at 298 K. A good correlation has been found between the excess intrinsic viscosity, unperturbed polymer dimensions, second virial coefficient and the excess Gibbs free energy by using a ternary interaction parameter, dependent on molecular weight. This modification enables the conversion between transport and equilibrium properties.

chemistry.chemical_classificationTernary numeral systemPolymers and PlasticsChemistryIntrinsic viscosityThermodynamicsPolymerFlory–Huggins solution theoryGibbs free energyViscositysymbols.namesakeColloid and Surface ChemistryVirial coefficientMaterials ChemistrysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTernary operationColloid & Polymer Science
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1979

chemistry.chemical_classificationViscosityMaterials scienceTemperature dependence of liquid viscositychemistryRelative viscosityIntrinsic viscosityInherent viscosityThermodynamicsPolymerPressure dependenceDie Makromolekulare Chemie
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Pressure influences on the viscosity of polymer solutions

1982

Of all physico-chemical quantities characterizing the behavior of liquids, the viscosity coefficient η is normally most sensitive to pressure. Early measurements of η(p) date back almost 100 years [1] but they were carried out with very different objectives [2]. Currently, one is particularly interested in polymer solutions, for instance because of the additives to motor oils and of oil recovery. The present paper reports on measurements with polystyrenes of high molecular uniformity in eight different solvents. It confines itself to zero-shear viscosities and discusses the possibilities of discovering the influence of pressure via the molecular structure of the solvent and via its thermody…

chemistry.chemical_classificationViscosityMaterials sciencechemistryTemperature dependence of liquid viscosityRelative viscosityIntrinsic viscosityInherent viscosityThermodynamicsViscosity indexPolymerReduced viscosity
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Über eine Beziehung zwischen Verdünnunasentropie und Verdünnungsenthalpie in Lösungen von Polystyrol und Polymethylmethacrylat

1973

Durch Lichtstreuungsmessungen wurde der Entropieanteil und der Enthalpieanteil des 2. osmotischen Virialkoeffizienten (A2) von athermischen und exothermischen Losungen von Polystyrol (PS) und Polymethylmethacrylat (PMMA) bei 25°C und Normaldruck bestimmt. Zur Auffindung von athermischen und exothermischen Losungsmitteln fur diese Polymeren wurde die Temperaturabhangigkeit des STAUDINGERindex verwendet. Die ermittelten thermodynamischen Grosen A2, A2,S und A2,H ergeben zusammen mit fruheren Messungen eine beziehung, die nahezu unabhangig vom speziellen System ist. The second osmotic virial coefficient A2 and its entropic and enthalpic parts of athermal and exothermal solutions of polystyrene…

chemistry.chemical_classificationYield (engineering)Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsIntrinsic viscosityPhilosophyAnalytical chemistryPolymerLight scatteringPressure rangechemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryVirial coefficientPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPolystyrenePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHumanitiesColloid and Polymer Science
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1990

Taking into account the dependency on molar mass of the viscometric interaction parameter B, the modified Stockmayer-Fixman-Burchard equation ([η]/M1/2) = KΘ + C″ · A2 · M1/2 is obtained. It relates the intrinsic viscosity, [η], to the second virial coefficient, A2, and to the unperturbed dimensions parameter, KΘ, with C″ being a constant. Hereupon, KΘ can be determined from [η] and A2 data of any binary (solvent/polymer) and/or ternary (solvent 1/solvent 2/polymer) system, BPS and/or TPS. Because of the scarcity of reliable sets of [η] and A2 values mostly for TPS, the application of the above equation to obtain KΘ coefficients rests limited. This limitation can be surmounted by an A2 eval…

chemistry.chemical_classificationchemistry.chemical_compoundMolar massMaterials scienceVirial coefficientchemistryIntrinsic viscosityPolymer chemistryPolymerPolystyreneFlory–Huggins solution theoryMethyl methacrylateTernary operationDie Makromolekulare Chemie
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Die Redox-Polymerisation des Acroleins in wäßrigem Medium. Polymere acroleine. 6. Mitteilung

1957

Die Polymerisation wasriger Acrolein-Losungen mit Hilfe von Redox-Systemen wird untersucht. Es wird der Einflus der Temperatur, der Monomeren-und der Initiator-Konzentration beschrieben. Die Charakterisierung der Polymerisate erfolgt durch Bestimmung des Aldehydgruppengehaltes und der spezifischen Viskositat in wasriger Schwefeldioxyd- Losung. Die hier beschriebene Polymerisation des Acroleins hat die Merkmale der radikalischen Vinylpolymerisation. The polymerisation of aqueous solution of acrolein by the action of redox-systems has been investigated. The influence of the temperature and the concentration of the initiator and of the monomer is described. The polymers are characterized by th…

chemistry.chemical_classificationchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerAqueous solutionchemistryPolymerizationIntrinsic viscosityAcroleinPolymer chemistryPolymerDie Makromolekulare Chemie
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Untersuchungen über die radikalpolymerisation von acrylamid

1954

Verschiedene Methoden zur Radikal-Polymerisation von Acrylamid mit und ohne Losungsmittel werden beschrieben. Die durch γ-Strahlen ausgeloste Polymerisation ergibt sehr hochmolekulare Polymerisate; dagegen haben die mittels Fenton-Reagens erhaltenen Produkte nur sehr geringe spezifische Viskositat. Ultraschall wirkt auf das Monomere polymerisierend und auf das Polymere depolymerisierend. Aus den Viskositatskurven eines reinen Polymerisates und seiner Fraktionen ist zu schliesen, das solche Polyacrylamide in wasriger Losung als homoopolare Molekulkolloide vorliegen. Different methods of radical-polymerization of acrylamide in solution and in bulk are described. The γ-rays induced polymerizat…

chemistry.chemical_classificationchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerAqueous solutionchemistryPolymerizationReagentIntrinsic viscosityAcrylamidePolyacrylamidePolymer chemistryPolymerDie Makromolekulare Chemie
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Über die polymeranaloge bromierung von naturkautschuk und einige lösungseigensch aften des bromkautschuks. Über die molekularen konstanten von naturk…

1961

Naturkautschuk last sich in verdunnter Losung in Cyclohexan bromieren, wobei das Molekulargewicht entsprechend dem Bromgehalt zunimmt (polymeranaloge Umsetzung). Fur Bromkautschuk steigenden Bromgehalts wird Cyclohexan ein zunehmend schlechteres Losungsmittel, was sich in einer Abnahme des 2. osmotischen Virialkoeffizienten und einer Kontraktion des Molekulknauels zeigt. Dieses Ergebnis wird in quantitativer Ubereinstimmung durch Viskositats- und Lichtstreuungsmessungen erhalten. Cyclohexanlosungen von Bromkautschuk mit 43% Brom haben bei Zimmertemperatur einen Θ-Punkt. In diesem Zustand ist der Knauel 1,74mal groser als bei freier Drehbarkeit, in ziemlich guter Ubereinstimmung mit dem an a…

chemistry.chemical_compoundBrominechemistryVirial coefficientNatural rubberCyclohexanevisual_artIntrinsic viscosityPolymer chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumchemistry.chemical_elementFree rotationDie Makromolekulare Chemie
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