Search results for "Intrinsic"

Relationships between intrinsic motivation, physical self-concept and satisfaction with life: a longitudinal study.

2012

Abstract In this study, we examined the relationships between intrinsic motivation, physical self-concept, and satisfaction with life using cross-lagged panel models analysed via structural equation models. The sample consisted of 293 participants (148 men, 145 women) aged 18–70 years who performed diverse types of physical exercise. Three alternative models were tested. The data were better represented by a model in which physical self-concept mediates the relationships between intrinsic motivation and satisfaction with life. Specifically, the direct effects of intrinsic motivation on physical self-concept, and of physical self-concept on satisfaction with life were significant, with the a…

Analysis of BNIP3 and BNIP3L/Nix expression in cybrid cell lines harboring two LHON-associated mutations.

2019

Mitochondria are key players in cell death through the activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. BNIP3 and BNIP3L/Nix are outer mitochondrial membrane bifunctional proteins which because of containing both BH3 and LIR domains play a role in cellular response to stress by regulation of apoptosis and selective autophagy. Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) is the most common mitochondrial disease in adults, characterized by painless loss of vision caused by atrophy of the optic nerve. The disease in over 90% of cases is caused by one of three mutations in the mitochondrial genome: 11778G>A, 3460G>A or 14484T>C. The pathogenic processes leading to optic nerve degeneration …

β-Amyloid-induced activation of Caspase-3 in primary cultures of rat neurons

2000

It is known that beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) contributes to the neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and operates through activation of an apoptotic pathway. Apoptotic signal is driven by a family of cysteine proteases called caspases. The beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) is directly and efficiently cleaved by caspases during apoptosis, resulting in elevated beta-amyloid peptide formation. Cerebellar neurons from rat pups were treated with the aged Abeta(25-35) at 1 and 5 microM and fluorescence assays of caspase activity performed over 4 days. We observed an increase in caspase activity after 48 h treatment in both 1 and 5 microM treated cells, then (72-96 h) caspase activity…

Why use long acting bronchodilators in chronic obstructive lung diseases? An extensive review on formoterol and salmeterol

2015

Abstract Long-acting β 2 -adrenoceptor agonists, formoterol and salmeterol, represent a milestone in the treatments of chronic obstructive lung diseases. Although no specific indications concerning the choice of one molecule rather than another are provided by asthma and COPD guidelines, they present different pharmacological properties resulting in distinct clinical employment possibilities. In particular, salmeterol has a low intrinsic efficacy working as a partial receptor agonist, while formoterol is a full agonist with high intrinsic efficacy. From a clinical perspective, in the presence of low β 2 -adrenoceptors availability, like in inflamed airways, a full agonist can maintain its b…

Na+ ions binding to the bradykinin B2 receptor suppress agonist-independent receptor activation.

1996

Control of the balance between receptor activation and inactivation is a prerequisite for seven transmembrane domain (7TM) receptor function. We asked for a mechanism to stabilize the inactive receptor conformation which prevents agonist-independent receptor activation. Na+ ions have reciprocal effects on agonist versus antagonist interaction with various 7TM receptors. To investigate the Na+ dependence of receptor activation we chose the bradykinin B2 receptor as a prototypic 7TM receptor. Decrease of the intracellular Na+ content from 40 mM to 10 mM of COS-1 cells transiently expressing rat B2 receptors activated the B2 receptor in the absence of agonist as shown by a 3-fold increase in t…

Tensor product characterizations of mixed intersections of non quasianalytic classes and kernel theorems

2009

Mixed intersections of non quasi-analytic classes have been studied in [12]. Here we obtain tensor product representations of these spaces that lead to kernel theorems as well as to tensor product representations of intersections of non quasi-analytic classes on product of open or of compact sets (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Invertibility in tensor products of Q-algebras

2002

1988

Deviations in the determination of the unperturbed dimensions of polymers arising in ternary polymer systems (solvent (1)/solvent (2)/polymer) can be explained by the inaccurate use of an interaction parameter independent of polymer molecular weight. On this basis, a new formalism for the calculation of the second virial coefficient from intrinsic viscosity is proposed. This formalism was tested (and compared with well established formalisms) for all ternary polymer systems with simultaneous intrinsic viscosity and second virial coefficient data in the literature.

1987

The intrinsic viscosities, [η], for the ternary systems alkane (1)/2-butanone (2)/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)(3), with the alkanes decane, dodecane and hexadecane, are determined at 20,0°C. The constants a of the Mark-Houwink equation and the constant of the unperturbed dimensions, KΘ, of the polymer are evaluated over the whole composition range of the binary solvent mixture. [η] shows a pronounced maximum at intermediate compositions as found in cosolvent mixtures. In these cosolvent mixtures, the numerical values of KΘ are higher than in the single-component solvents, because the cosolvent mixtures correspond to a mixed solvent with an excess free energy, GE ≥ 0, the increase in KΘ bei…

Über die verzweigung von polydodecylmethacrylat

1970

Zur Untersuchung der Losungseigenschaften und des Ausmases der Verzweigung von radikalisch gewonnenem Polydodecylmethacrylat wurden Fraktionen von niedrig- und hochumgesetzten Praparaten im Molekulargewichtsbereich von 1,5·105 bis 8·106 auf ihr Molekulargewicht und ihre Knaueldimension hin vermessen. Die Methoden der Lichtstreuung, der Viskosimetrie, der Sedimentation in der Ultrazentrifuge, der Osmometrie und der Gelchromatographie wurden benutzt. Fur die Streulichtmessungen diente ein Eigenbaulichtstreuungsgerat, das wegen seines grosen Winkelmesbereiches eine recht genaue Festlegung der Anfangssteigung der Streukurve und damit des Tragheitsradius ermoglicht. Das Quadrat des Tragheitsradi…