Search results for "Invariant"

showing 10 items of 783 documents

Frozen Quantum Coherence

2015

We analyse under which dynamical conditions the coherence of an open quantum system is totally unaffected by noise. For a single qubit, specific measures of coherence are found to freeze under different conditions, with no general agreement between them. Conversely, for an N-qubit system with even N, we identify universal conditions in terms of initial states and local incoherent channels such that all bona fide distance-based coherence monotones are left invariant during the entire evolution. This finding also provides an insightful physical interpretation for the freezing phenomenon of quantum correlations beyond entanglement. We further obtain analytical results for distance-based measur…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryQuantum discordQuantum PhysicsQuantum decoherenceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesDegree of coherenceQuantum entanglementMathematical Physics (math-ph)Invariant (physics)Open quantum systemHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)QubitQuantum mechanicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)QuantumCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematical PhysicsOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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Gauge invariance and unstable particles.

1995

A gauge-independent approach to resonant transition amplitudes with nonconserved external currents is presented, which is implemented by the pinch technique. The analytic expressions derived with this method are $U(1)_{em}$ invariant, independent of the choice of the gauge-fixing parameter, and satisfy a number of required theoretical properties, including unitarity. Although special attention is paid to resonant scatterings involving the $\gamma WW$ and $ZWW$ vertices in the minimal Standard Model, our approach can be extended to the top quark or other unstable particles appearing in renormalizable models of new physics.

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryUnitarityComputer Science::Information RetrievalElectroweak interactionHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaFeynman graphInvariant (physics)Scattering amplitudeHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyAmplitudeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Quantum mechanicsPinchGauge theoryMathematical physicsPhysical review letters
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Coulomb excitation of exotic nuclei at the R3B-LAND setup

2012

Exotic Ni isotopes have been measured at the R3B-LAND setup at GSI in Darmstadt, using Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics at beam energies around 500 MeV/u. As the experimental setup allows kinematically complete measurements, the excitation energy was reconstructed using the invariant mass method. The GDR and additional low-lying strength have been observed in 68Ni, the latter exhausting 4.1(1.9)% of the E1 energy-weighted sum rule. Also, the branching ratio for the non-statistical decay of the excited 68Ni nuclei was measured and amounts to 24(4)%.

PhysicsHistoryInverse kinematicsBranching fractionFOS: Physical sciencesExotic isotopes R3B LAND GSI Coulomb excitation inverse kinematics GDR PDRCoulomb excitationComputer Science ApplicationsEducationNuclear physicsExcited stateInvariant massSum rule in quantum mechanicsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentBeam (structure)Excitation
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Top-quark mass measurements at LHC: a new approach

2013

We present a new method to measure the top-quark mass in high energetic hadron collisions at the LHC. We study the mass dependence of the production of top-quark pairs in association with an additional jet. The cross section of tt+1Jet production is sensitive to the top-quark mass since gluon radiation depends on the top-quark mass through threshold and cone effects. In particular we study the normalised tt +1Jet cross section differential in the invariant mass of the final state jets. We have investigated the sensitivity of the method together with the impact of various theoretical and experimental uncertainties. We find that the method has the potential to be competitive with existing met…

PhysicsHistoryTop quarkParticle physicsLarge Hadron ColliderHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHadronHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyJet (particle physics)530 PhysikComputer Science ApplicationsEducationGluonNuclear physicsRenormalizationCross section (physics)Invariant massHigh Energy Physics::Experimentddc:530
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Birkhoff theorem and conformal Killing-Yano tensors

2015

We analyze the main geometric conditions imposed by the hypothesis of the Jebsen-Birkhoff theorem. We show that the result (existence of an additional Killing vector) does not necessarily require a three-dimensional isometry group on two-dimensional orbits but only the existence of a conformal Killing-Yano tensor. In this approach the (additional) isometry appears as the known invariant Killing vector that the ${\cal D}$-metrics admit.

PhysicsKilling vector fieldPure mathematicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)FOS: Physical sciencesConformal mapTensorGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Invariant (mathematics)Isometry groupIsometry (Riemannian geometry)General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
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Measurement of the Inelastic Proton-Proton Cross Section at s=13  TeV with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC

2016

This Letter presents a measurement of the inelastic proton-proton cross section using 60  μb^{-1} of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy sqrt[s] of 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Inelastic interactions are selected using rings of plastic scintillators in the forward region (2.07 10^{-6}, where M_{X} is the larger invariant mass of the two hadronic systems separated by the largest rapidity gap in the event. In this ξ range the scintillators are highly efficient. For diffractive events this corresponds to cases where at least one proton dissociates to a system with M_{X}>13  GeV. The measured cross section is compared with a range of theoretical predictions. When extrapolated…

PhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderProton010308 nuclear & particles physicsHadronGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsCross section (physics)medicine.anatomical_structureAtlas (anatomy)0103 physical sciencesmedicineHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentInvariant massRapidity010306 general physicsEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review Letters
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An invariant analytic orthonormalization procedure with applications

2007

We apply the orthonormalization procedure previously introduced by two of us and adopted in connection with coherent states to Gabor frames and other examples. For instance, for Gabor frames we show how to construct $g(x)\in L^2(\Bbb{R})$ in such a way the functions $g_{\underline n}(x)=e^{ian_1x}g(x+an_2)$, $\underline n\in\Bbb{Z}^2$ and $a$ some positive real number, are mutually orthogonal. We discuss in some details the role of the lattice naturally associated to the procedure in this analysis.

PhysicsLattice (group)FOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMathematical Physics (math-ph)CombinatoricsSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaCoherent statesInvariant (mathematics)Connection (algebraic framework)Gabor framesSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaMathematical PhysicsReal number
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Microscopic and translationally-invariant calculations with tensor forces and tensor correlations

1999

In this paper we discuss an approach to the ab initio study of ground states of light nuclei using realistic forces. The method constructs trial variational wavefunctions by superimposing state-dependent translationally-invariant pair correlations on a state-independent Jastrow-correlated wavefunction, with very promising results.

PhysicsLight nucleusNuclear and High Energy Physics/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3106Quantum mechanicsAb initioInvariant (physics)Physics::Chemical PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy(all)Wave functionCalculation methods
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Translationally invariant coupled cluster method in coordinate space for nuclei

2002

We study a formulation of the translationally invariant coupled cluster method in coordinate space for finite nuclei. The new formulation remedies convergence problems that plagued previous calculations in configuration space. The method is applied to light nuclei using semi-realistic central interactions.

PhysicsLight nucleusNuclear and High Energy Physics/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3106Nuclear structureInvariant (physics)Physics and Astronomy(all)Coupled clusterClassical mechanics/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100Quantum electrodynamicsNuclear binding energyConfiguration spaceCLOSED-SHELL NUCLEI; MODEL-CALCULATIONS; CBF THEORY; DEPENDENT CORRELATIONS; PAIR CORRELATIONS; FINITE SYSTEMS; GROUND-STATE; JASTROW; O-16; Nuclear binding energy; Nuclear model; Nuclear structure; Nucleon-nucleon potential (formulation of translationally invariant coupled cluster method in coordinate space for closed shell nuclei within 0p-shell with use of semi-realistic central nucleon-nucleon interactions)Coordinate spaceGround state
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The calorimeter project for the Mu2e experiment

2013

The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab aims to measure the charged lepton flavor violating neutrinoless conversion of a negative muon into an electron. The conversion results in a monochromatic electron with an energy slightly below the rest mass of the muon (104.97 MeV). We expect to set a limit of ∼ 6×10^(−17) at 90% CL in three years of running, using an intense and clean pulsed μ^− beam providing ∼10^(18) stopped muons on target in three years of running. The experiment performs a strong suppression of potential background by gating off the prompts and performing precise momentum determination in conjunction with an highly efficient cosmic veto. The calorimeter should confirm that the candidat…

PhysicsLyso crystalNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsPhotonMuonCalorimeter (particle physics)Mu2e experimentPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsElectronCalorimetryNuclear physicsMu2eHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentInvariant massFermilabInstrumentationLeptonNuclear and High Energy Physic
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