Search results for "Isoenzyme"
showing 10 items of 247 documents
Human Upcyte Hepatocytes: Characterization of the Hepatic Phenotype and Evaluation for Acute and Long-Term Hepatotoxicity Routine Testing
2016
The capacity of human hepatic cell-based models to predict hepatotoxicity depends on the functional performance of cells. The major limitations of human hepatocytes include the scarce availability and rapid loss of the hepatic phenotype. Hepatoma cells are readily available and easy to handle, but are metabolically poor compared with hepatocytes. Recently developed human upcyte hepatocytes offer the advantage of combining many features of primary hepatocytes with the unlimited availability of hepatoma cells. We analyzed the phenotype of upcyte hepatocytes comparatively with HepG2 cells and adult primary human hepatocytes to characterize their functional features as a differentiated hepatic …
Participation of Heme Oxygenase-1 in a Model of Acute Inflammation
2003
In this study, the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the inflammatory response elicited by zymosan in the mouse air pouch model has been examined. This response is characterized by a time-dependent increase in HO-1 expression in the leukocytes migrating into the exudates. At 24–48 h maximal HO-1 expression was accompanied by reduced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) expression as well as low levels of inflammatory mediators. Hemin administration into the air pouch caused an elevation of HO-1 protein and bilirubin levels induced by zymosan with inhibition of COX-2 expression. In mouse peritoneal macrophages from hemin-injected mice, we also observed an increased …
Pseudocholinesterases and human red cell acid phosphatases in Koreans.
1969
The authors reveal the results of pseudocholinesterase and human red cell acid phosphatase typings in a sample of 115 unrelated female Koreans aged from 20–30. No atypical pseudocholinesterase variants could be demonstrated. The frequencies of human red cell acid phosphatase alleles run up to: phA=0.231, phB=0.769, phC=0.000.
Analysis of Renal and Cardiac Outcomes in Male Participants in the Fabry Outcome Survey Starting Agalsidase Alfa Enzyme Replacement Therapy Before an…
2020
Rossella Parini,1,2 Guillem Pintos-Morell,3 Julia B Hennermann,4 Ting-Rong Hsu,5 Nesrin Karabul,6 Vasiliki Kalampoki,7 Andrey Gurevich,7 Uma Ramaswami8 On behalf of the FOS Study Group1Rare Metabolic Diseases Unit, MBBM Foundation, San Gerardo Hospital, Reference Centre for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), Monza, Italy; 2TIGET Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; 3Division of Rare Diseases, Reference Centre for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; 4Villa Metabolica, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany; 5Dep…
Cytochrome P-450 mRNA expression in human liver and its relationship with enzyme activity.
2001
CYP activity and protein contents have been measured in human liver using different techniques. In contrast, CYP mRNA data are scarce and the relationships between CYP mRNA contents and activities have not been established. These studies deserve further attention because mRNA determinations by RT-PCR require a very small amount of material (e.g., liver needle biopsy) and could provide important data regarding CYP expression regulation. In this study we measured in 12 human liver samples the mRNA contents of 10 CYPs by quantitative RT-PCR and the metabolic activities using specific substrates. mRNA contents and activities showed high correlation coefficients for CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2D…
Interest of genotyping and phenotyping of drug-metabolizing enzymes for the interpretation of biological monitoring of exposure to styrene
2002
In the field of occupational and/or environmental toxicology, the measurement of specific metabolites in urine may serve to assess exposure to the parent compounds (biological monitoring of exposure). Styrene is one of the chemicals for which biological monitoring programs have been validated and implemented in environmental and occupational medicine. However, inter-individual differences in the urinary excretion exist both for the main end-products (mandelic acid and phenylglyoxylic acid) and for its specific mercapturic acids (phenylhydroxyethylmercapturic acids, PHEMA). This limits to a certain extent the use of these metabolites for an accurate assessment of styrene exposure. In a group…
Increased prostaglandin E2 concentrations and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in asthmatic subjects with sputum eosinophilia.
2003
Abstract Background Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) is known to be produced within human airways, but it is not clear whether in airway diseases it can play a deleterious or a beneficial role. Recently it has been reported that PGE 2 can enhance eosinophil survival in vitro. Objective To evaluate whether the concentrations of PGE 2 in asthmatic airways correlate with the number of eosinophils and can be responsible for eosinophil-enhanced survival and to identify the cyclooxygenase isoform contributing to the synthesis of PGE 2 by cells present in asthmatic airways. Methods Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and/or specific radioimmunoassay was used to measure PGE 2 concentrat…
Glycogen phosphorylase BB in acute coronary syndromes
2005
AbstractThe diagnosis of myocardial damage is preferably based on measurement of the cardiac-specific troponins. However, there is an emerging need for early, specific cardiac markers. One potential candidate is the glycogen phosphorylase BB isoenzyme (GPBB). We investigated the use of a new, commercially available GPBB ELISA assay in 61 patients presenting with an acute coronary syndrome (37 acute myocardial infarction, 24 unstable angina pectoris) in comparison to established cardiac markers such as troponin T, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CKMB) mass, and myoglobin. Blood samples were obtained on arrival, as well as 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12 and 24h later. GPBB plasma concentrations were elevate…
Skeletal muscle fibre types, enzyme activities and physical performance in young males and females
1978
Differences in skeletal muscle characteristics, metabolic profiles and functional performance between males and females were investigated using young (15--24 yrs) male and female twins as subjects. The comparison included such variables as anthropometry, muscle strength, mechanical power, maximum oxygen uptake, electrical activation of muscle, muscle fibre composition (m. vastus lateralis), and activities of several skeletal muscle enzymes. The results disclosed the following primary differences between males and females: In the various functional tests the performance of females was from 61.1 to 84.6% of that in males; distribution of slow twitch fibres in m. vastus lateralis of the female…
Fabry disease: overall effects of agalsidase alfa treatment
2004
Background Fabry disease is a rare X-linked disorder caused by deficient activity of the lysosomal enzyme α-galactosidase A. Progressive accumulation of the substrate globotriaosylceramide in cells throughout the body leads to major organ failure and premature death. The Fabry Outcome Survey (FOS) is a European outcomes database which was established to collect data on the natural history of this little-known disease and to monitor the long-term efficacy and safety of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with agalsidase alfa. This paper presents the first analysis of the FOS database on the effects of ERT on renal function, heart size, pain and quality of life. Design The effects of 1 and 2 y…