Search results for "Issues"
showing 10 items of 669 documents
Ethical Demands and Responsibilities in Online Publishing: The Finnish Experience
2014
Rapid advancement of online communication and publishing poses new challenges to media policy-makers and regulators for both statutory regulation and self-regulation. For journalists, ‘the Internet shapes and redefines a number of moral and ethical issues … when operating online or making use of online resources’ (Deuze and Yeshua, 2001: 276).
Planning Research ‘with’ Minorities in Palermo: Negotiating Ethics and Commitments in a Participatory Process
2008
The paper will explore some ethical issues which arise when undertaking research with minorities (ethnic groups, children, poor people) in the context of an uncollaborative planning process, like the Palermo Local Agenda 21. There are important ethical issues that have to be carefully considered when undertaking research with people, particularly when these people are marginalised or excluded by wider society. Here, issues of powerlessness and vulnerability abound. If this is accepted, some questions arise. How are we supposed to consider planning researchers – understood as immersed in the policy process – as moral/political agents, given their political commitments? Here there are both ge…
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence : Research Challenges and Potential Solutions
2020
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a rapidly emerging paradigm with many applications in healthcare, industries, and smart cities. However, this rise of global interest in AI has fueled a renewed interest from the public sector and global policymakers. As AI networks (e.g., chatbots, automation systems, and helping agents) are paving their way as interactive household items, a critically important research issue is understanding the ethical impact of these autonomous agents. What is the explanation of the AI decision-making process? What are the legal, societal, and moral consequences of these decisions and actions? Should these AI systems be allowed to make decisions for human beings and to w…
Bioethical Aspects of Postmortem Imaging
2019
After a general overview of death in current medical-cultural context, this chapter examines the main moral aspects of postmortem imaging (PI). In the current debate the stressed ethical issues are fundamentally the following: (1) the noninvasive character of postmortem imaging that very likely makes the procedure less objectionable to relatives of the deceased; (2) the reliability of the methods that ought to be as effective as traditional autopsy, both when PI precedes and completes or substitutes traditional autopsy; and (3) the cost-benefit analysis, in individual and social terms. The chapter emphasizes the common prerequisite of these ethical aspects, that is, the corpse’s dignity and…
Use of Movies in an accounting class as a teaching technique to promote learning about financial reporting and ethical issues
2021
[EN] This study presents an innovative experience using movies in an accounting class. The learning experience was found interesting and useful for the learning process in three groups in University XXX. The students voluntarily watched three movies and answered a test for each one, containing questions about the ethical and accounting concepts in the film, as well as their satisfaction with the methodology. Non-parametric tests have been computed to assess if those students that watch a movie obtain a higher exam mark as compared to those that do not follow the methodology, as well as for the other accounting and ethical questions. Our results show that there is a particular film that evid…
De quoi le Covid-19 est-il le nom ? L’impact du langage sur la prise en charge et le positionnement éthique par temps de pandémie
2020
Résumé L’irruption massive de l’expression Covid-19 dans le milieu hospitalier comme dans nos vies a fait apparaître une étrange analogie entre l’expansion d’un virus et la dissémination virale, elle aussi, d’une manière de parler, de formuler et de nommer pour agir. Cet article se propose de questionner l’impact de l’expression Covid-19 sur le langage des soignants. Il propose de discuter la dimension éthique d’un soin des mots du soin lorsqu’une manière de parler s’impose à eux. Il interroge également le pluralisme épistémologique et éthique engageant la médecine entre science, clinique et politique.
Fast PET Scan Tumor Segmentation Using Superpixels, Principal Component Analysis and K-Means Clustering
2018
Positron Emission Tomography scan images are extensively used in radiotherapy planning, clinical diagnosis, assessment of growth and treatment of a tumor. These all rely on fidelity and speed of detection and delineation algorithm. Despite intensive research, segmentation remained a challenging problem due to the diverse image content, resolution, shape, and noise. This paper presents a fast positron emission tomography tumor segmentation method in which superpixels are extracted first from the input image. Principal component analysis is then applied on the superpixels and also on their average. Distance vector of each superpixel from the average is computed in principal components coordin…
Chances and Challenges of Computational Data Gathering and Analysis
2015
Digital and social media and large available data-sets generate various new possibilities and challenges for conducting research focused on perpetually developing online news ecosystems. This paper presents a novel computational technique for gathering and processing large quantities of data from Facebook. We demonstrate how to use this technique for detecting and analysing issue-attention cycles and news flows in Facebook groups and pages. Although the paper concentrates on a Finnish Facebook group as a case study, the demonstrated method can be used for gathering and analysing large sets of data from various social network sites and national contexts. The paper also discusses Facebook pla…
Gambling disorder in adolescents: what do we know about this social problem and its consequences?
2018
Abstract Gambling disorder (GD) is a psychiatric condition and it is characterized by a maladaptive pattern of gambling behavior that persists despite negative consequences in major areas of life functioning. In Italy, CNR (National Research Council) underlined how over 17 million, 42.8% of the population aged 15–64 have a gambling behavior. Among them, there are over one million students, aged 15–19, equal to 44.2% of Italian students; the number of minors in Italy with GD in 2017 was 580,000, equal to 33.6%. Various psychosocial treatment models have been adapted for GD; on the other hand no drug has received regulatory approval in any jurisdiction as a specific psychopharmacological trea…
‘Female genital mutilation’ in Europe: Public discourse versus empirical evidence
2017
Media often report about circumcision of girls, or ‘female genital mutilation’ (FGM), in ways that present this practice as a burning social problem, albeit secretively performed among African immi ...