Search results for "JANUS"

Multifunctional two-photon active silica-coated Au@MnO Janus particles for selective dual functionalization and imaging.

2014

Monodisperse multifunctional and nontoxic Au@MnO Janus particles with different sizes and morphologies were prepared by a seed-mediated nucleation and growth technique with precise control over domain sizes, surface functionalization, and dye labeling. The metal oxide domain could be coated selectively with a thin silica layer, leaving the metal domain untouched. In particular, size and morphology of the individual (metal and metal oxide) domains could be controlled by adjustment of the synthetic parameters. The SiO2 coating of the oxide domain allows biomolecule conjugation (e.g., antibodies, proteins) in a single step for converting the photoluminescent and superparamagnetic Janus nanopar…

Drug insight: novel small molecules and drugs for immunosuppression.

2006

Gastrointestinal diseases can result from the inadequate or excessive response of the immune system to self or innocuous antigens. Moreover, the physiologic activation of the immune system against non-self antigens is a major clinical problem in liver organ transplantation. At present, many drugs are available that suppress the activation of the immune system, although most of the currently used immunosuppressive drugs lack specificity in terms of their molecular targets and, therefore, have the potential to generate numerous side effects. The advances that have been made in understanding the molecular events that underlie the activation of the immune system have led to the development of a…

Variation in contents of main active components and antioxidant activity in leaves of different pigeon pea cultivars during growth.

2013

Pigeon pea is an important and multiuse grain legume crop, and its leaves are a very valuable natural resource. To obtain a high-quality biological resource, it is necessary to choose the excellent cultivar and determine the appropriate harvest time. In this study, the variation in contents of main active components and antioxidant activity in leaves of six pigeon pea cultivars during growth were investigated. The level of each individual active component significantly varied during growth, but with a different pattern, and this variation was different among cultivars. Flavonoid glycosides orientin, vitexin, and apigenin-6,8-di-C-α-L-arabinopyranoside showed two peak values at mid-late and …

Characterization of five fungal endophytes producing Cajaninstilbene acid isolated from pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp].

2011

Five fungal endophytes (K4, K5, K6, K9, K14) producing Cajaninstilbene acid (CSA, 3-hydroxy-4-prenyl-5-methoxystilbene-2-carboxylic acid) were isolated from the roots of pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]. CSA is responsible for the prominent pharmacological activities in pigeon pea. The amount of CSA in culture solution varied among the five fungal endophytes. K4 produced the highest levels of CSA (1037.13 µg/L) among the endophytes tested after incubation for five days. Both morphological characteristics and molecular methods were used for species identification of fungal endophytes. The five endophytic isolates were characterized by analyzing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rR…

Oxidative stress inhibits IFN-α-induced antiviral gene expression by blocking the JAK–STAT pathway

2006

Abstract BACKGROUND/AIMS: Unresponsiveness to IFN-alpha is common in chronic hepatitis C. Since conditions associated with an increased oxidative stress (advanced age, steatosis, fibrosis, iron overload, and alcohol consumption) reduce the likelihood of response, we hypothesized that oxidative stress may affect the antiviral actions of IFN-alpha. METHODS: We examined in a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Huh-7) the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as a generator of oxidative stress, on the IFN-alpha signaling pathway. RESULTS: Pretreatment of Huh-7 cells with 0.5-1 mM H2O2 resulted in the suppression of the IFN-alpha-induced antiviral protein MxA and of IRF-9 mRNA expression. Th…

Targeting the JAK/STAT Pathway: A Combined Ligand- and Target-Based Approach

2021

Janus kinases (JAKs) are a family of proinflammatory enzymes able to mediate the immune responses and the inflammatory cascade by modulating multiple cytokine expressions as well as various growth factors. In the present study, the inhibition of the JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway is explored as a potential strategy for treating autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. A computationally driven approach aimed at identifying novel JAK inhibitors based on molecular topology, docking, and molecular dynamics simulations was carried out. For the best candidates selected, the inhibitory activity against JAK2 was evaluated in vitro. Two hit compounds with…

Germline JAK2 L611S mutation in a child with thrombocytosis

2018

Ruthenium Janus-Head Complexes with a Triazolediylidene Ligand. Structural Features and Catalytic Applications

2007

The use of the ligand triazolediylidene (ditz), has afforded the preparation of two new complexes of Ru in which the ligand is bridging two metal fragments in a facially opposed (Janus-head) disposition. One of the complexes is dinuclear (2) and the other tetranuclear (3). The tetranuclear compound displays interesting structural features, as shown by the X-ray diffraction studies. The two complexes have been tested in the catalytic β-alkylation of secondary alcohols with primary alcohols, providing high activities when both aliphatic and aromatic alcohols are used.

Maintenance and Function of Human CD8+ T Cells and NK Cells in Humanized Mice

2014

Human CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK cells can be successfully engrafted in highly immuno-deficient mouse strains such as NOD/shi-SCID/γgcnull (NOG), NOD/SCID/IL2Rγnull (NSG), NOD/Rag1KO/γcnull (NRG), and BALB/c-Rag2KO/γcnull (BRG) mice following reconstitution with human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or, alternatively, upon adoptive transfer of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). These humanized immune system (HIS) mice have evolved as a promising tool to study human CD8+ T cell and NK cell-mediated immune responses to cancer and infectious diseases and to explore new approaches in adoptive immunotherapy and vaccination. However, long-term generation of CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK …

A Channel-Aware Adaptive System for Underwater Acoustic Communications

2021

In recent years, underwater communications have seen a growing interest pushed by marine research, oceanography, marine commercial operations, offshore oil industry and defense applications. Generally, underwater communications employ audio signals which can propagate relatively far. However, acoustic underwater channels are very challenging, because of limited bandwidth, long propagation delays, extended multipath, severe attenuation, rapid time variation and large Doppler shifts. A plethora of underwater communication techniques have been developed for dealing with such a complexity, mostly tailoring specific applications scenarios which can not be considered as one-size-fits-all solution…