Search results for "Janus Kinase"

showing 10 items of 70 documents

Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of iNOS expression in human chondrocytes

2009

Chondrocytes are important for the development and maintenance of articular cartilage. However, both in osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) chondrocytes are involved in the process of cartilage degradation and synthesize important immunomodulatory mediators, including nitric oxide (NO) generated by the inducible NO synthase (iNOS). To uncover the role of iNOS in the pathomechanisms of OA and RA, we analyzed the regulation of iNOS expression using immortalized human chondrocytes as a reproducible model. In C-28/I2 chondrocytes, iNOS expression was associated with the expression of the chondrocyte phenotype. Peak induction by a cytokine cocktail occurred between 6 and 8h and dec…

Cartilage Articularmedicine.medical_specialtyAnti-Inflammatory AgentsNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIBiologyBiochemistryp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesChondrocyteArticleGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicGlucocorticoid receptorChondrocytesReceptors GlucocorticoidInternal medicineGene expressionmedicineHumansRNA MessengerRNA Processing Post-TranscriptionalPost-transcriptional regulationCell Line TransformedPharmacologyRegulation of gene expressionNF-kappa B p50 SubunitRNA-Binding ProteinsInterferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3Janus Kinase 2Cell biologyNitric oxide synthaseEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureCell cultureEnzyme Inductionbiology.proteinTrans-ActivatorsCytokinesZearalenoneSignal transduction
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Endothelial transcriptomic changes induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein disclose an up-regulation of Jak-Stat pathway.

2015

Oxidized low density lipoproteins (oxLDLs) act as an etiological factor in the development of atherosclerosis by modifying the biological properties of endothelial cells through mechanisms of vascular inflammation. To deepen the oxLDL changes at cellular level, a transcriptomic analysis of human umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAECs) treated with oxLDL was performed to identify the modified signaling pathways. Total RNA was isolated from HUAECs treated with oxLDL (100 μg/ml). Gene expression analysis was carried out using Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays. Biological pathway analysis was performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. Microarray assay demonstrated that oxLDL …

Cell signalingTime FactorsPhysiologyBlotting WesternBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionTransfectionGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicBiological pathwayTranscriptomeRNA interferenceGene expressionHuman Umbilical Vein Endothelial CellsHumansGene Regulatory NetworksProtein Kinase InhibitorsCells CulturedOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisPharmacologyGene Expression ProfilingJAK-STAT signaling pathwaySTAT2 Transcription FactorJanus Kinase 1Janus Kinase 2Cell biologyEndothelial stem cellLipoproteins LDLSTAT1 Transcription FactorMolecular Medicinelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)RNA InterferenceSignal transductionTranscriptomeSignal TransductionVascular pharmacology
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OTUB1 inhibits CNS autoimmunity by preventing IFN-γ-induced hyperactivation of astrocytes.

2019

Astrocytes are critical regulators of neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Growing evidence indicates that ubiquitination of signaling molecules is an important cell‐intrinsic mechanism governing astrocyte function during MS and EAE. Here, we identified an upregulation of the deubiquitinase OTU domain, ubiquitin aldehyde binding 1 (OTUB1) in astrocytes during MS and EAE. Mice with astrocyte‐specific OTUB1 ablation developed more severe EAE due to increased leukocyte accumulation, proinflammatory gene transcription, and demyelination in the spinal cord as compared to control mice. OTUB1‐deficient astrocytes were hy…

Central Nervous SystemEncephalomyelitis Autoimmune ExperimentalNeuroimmunomodulationmedicine.medical_treatmentexperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisAutoimmunityBiologymultiple sclerosisubiquitinationGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyProinflammatory cytokineneuroinflammationInterferon-gammaMice03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineastrocytemedicineAnimalsMolecular BiologyCells CulturedNeuroinflammation030304 developmental biologyMice Knockout0303 health sciencesGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologySuppressor of cytokine signaling 1General NeuroscienceExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisArticlesmedicine.disease3. Good healthCell biologyMice Inbred C57BLCysteine EndopeptidasesCytokinemedicine.anatomical_structureAnimals NewbornAstrocytesSTAT proteinOTUB1FemaleNeurogenic InflammationJanus kinase030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAstrocyte
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A novel epitope of N-CAM defines precursors of human adherent NK cells

2004

AbstractActivated, adherent natural killer (A-NK) cells represent a distinct subpopulation of interleukin (IL)-2-stimulated NK cells, which are selectively endowed with the increased expression of integrins and ability to adhere to solid surfaces, migrate into, infiltrate, and destroy cancerous tissues. The present study defines the phenotype and functions of precursors of A-NK (pre-A-NK) cells in humans. Peripheral blood pre-A-NK cells, in contrast to the rest of NK cells, express a novel epitope of CD56 neuronal cell adhesion molecule, termed ANK-1, and increased cell-surface levels of integrins. Pre-A-NK cells also express low levels of CD56 and CD161, and some express CD162 receptor, do…

Cytotoxicity ImmunologicIntegrinsLymphoid TissueImmunologyCell CountBiologyCD49bImmunophenotypingEpitopesInterleukin 21NK-92Cell AdhesionHumansImmunology and AllergyCell LineageLectins C-TypeAntigen-presenting cellCells CulturedCell ProliferationMembrane GlycoproteinsLymphokine-activated killer cellStem CellsJanus kinase 3Cell MembraneReceptors IgGAntibodies MonoclonalCell DifferentiationCell BiologyNatural killer T cellCD56 AntigenCell biologyKiller Cells NaturalChemotaxis LeukocyteAntigens SurfaceInterleukin 12Interleukin-2NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily BJournal of Leukocyte Biology
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Human NK cells selective targeting of colon cancer-initiating cells: a role for natural cytotoxicity receptors and MHC class I molecules

2013

Abstract Tumor cell populations have been recently proposed to be composed of two compartments: tumor-initiating cells characterized by a slow and asymmetrical growth, and the “differentiated” cancer cells with a fast and symmetrical growth. Cancer stem cells or cancer-initiating cells (CICs) play a crucial role in tumor recurrence. The resistance of CICs to drugs and irradiation often allows them to survive traditional therapy. NK cells are potent cytotoxic lymphocytes that can recognize tumor cells. In this study, we have analyzed the NK cell recognition of tumor target cells derived from the two cancer cell compartments of colon adenocarcinoma lesions. Our data demonstrate that freshly p…

Cytotoxicity ImmunologicNKImmunologyGene ExpressionCancer Stem CellMice SCIDBiologyAdenocarcinomaInterleukin 21MiceNK-92Cancer stem cellMice Inbred NODTumor Cells CulturedImmunology and AllergyCytotoxic T cellAnimalsHumansCell LineageSettore MED/04 - Patologia GeneraleLymphokine-activated killer cellMicroscopy ConfocalNatural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 3Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 2Janus kinase 3Histocompatibility Antigens Class Inessuna parola chiaveKiller Cells NaturalOrgan SpecificityImmunologyCancer cellColonic NeoplasmsCancer researchInterleukin 12Neoplastic Stem Cellsimmunotherapy
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Drug insight: novel small molecules and drugs for immunosuppression.

2006

Gastrointestinal diseases can result from the inadequate or excessive response of the immune system to self or innocuous antigens. Moreover, the physiologic activation of the immune system against non-self antigens is a major clinical problem in liver organ transplantation. At present, many drugs are available that suppress the activation of the immune system, although most of the currently used immunosuppressive drugs lack specificity in terms of their molecular targets and, therefore, have the potential to generate numerous side effects. The advances that have been made in understanding the molecular events that underlie the activation of the immune system have led to the development of a…

Drugmedicine.medical_specialtyHepatologybusiness.industryGastrointestinal Diseasesmedia_common.quotation_subjectJanus kinase 3medicine.medical_treatmentGastroenterologyImmunosuppressionGeneral MedicineSmall moleculeOrgan transplantationMolecular WeightImmune systemAntigenImmune SystemImmunologymedicineAnimalsHumansProtein kinase AbusinessImmunosuppressive Agentsmedia_commonNature clinical practice. Gastroenterologyhepatology
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Oxidative stress inhibits IFN-α-induced antiviral gene expression by blocking the JAK–STAT pathway

2006

Abstract BACKGROUND/AIMS: Unresponsiveness to IFN-alpha is common in chronic hepatitis C. Since conditions associated with an increased oxidative stress (advanced age, steatosis, fibrosis, iron overload, and alcohol consumption) reduce the likelihood of response, we hypothesized that oxidative stress may affect the antiviral actions of IFN-alpha. METHODS: We examined in a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Huh-7) the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as a generator of oxidative stress, on the IFN-alpha signaling pathway. RESULTS: Pretreatment of Huh-7 cells with 0.5-1 mM H2O2 resulted in the suppression of the IFN-alpha-induced antiviral protein MxA and of IRF-9 mRNA expression. Th…

Gene Expression Regulation ViralMyxovirus Resistance ProteinsCarcinoma HepatocellularBlotting WesternAntiviral proteinProtein tyrosine phosphataseInterferon alpha-2Biologymedicine.disease_causechemistry.chemical_compoundGTP-Binding ProteinsCell Line TumormedicineHumansRNA NeoplasmHepatologyTyk-2Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSTATLiver NeoplasmsInterferon-alphaJAK-STAT signaling pathwayTyrosine phosphorylationHydrogen PeroxideJanus Kinase 1Flow CytometryInterferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3 gamma SubunitRecombinant ProteinsIFN-aJAK-1Oxidative StressSTAT Transcription FactorsHydrogen peroxide; IFN-a; STAT; JAK-1; Tyk-2chemistryImmunologySTAT proteinCancer researchSignal transductionTyrosine kinaseOxidative stressSignal TransductionJournal of Hepatology
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Targeting the JAK/STAT Pathway: A Combined Ligand- and Target-Based Approach

2021

Janus kinases (JAKs) are a family of proinflammatory enzymes able to mediate the immune responses and the inflammatory cascade by modulating multiple cytokine expressions as well as various growth factors. In the present study, the inhibition of the JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway is explored as a potential strategy for treating autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. A computationally driven approach aimed at identifying novel JAK inhibitors based on molecular topology, docking, and molecular dynamics simulations was carried out. For the best candidates selected, the inhibitory activity against JAK2 was evaluated in vitro. Two hit compounds with…

General Chemical EngineeringTransducersBioinformatics and computational biology Inhibitors Inhibition Peptides and proteins MoleculesLibrary and Information SciencesLigands01 natural sciencesstatArticleProinflammatory cytokine0103 physical sciencesProtein Kinase InhibitorsJanus KinasesTofacitinib010304 chemical physicsActivator (genetics)ChemistryJAK-STAT signaling pathwayGeneral Chemistry0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science ApplicationsCell biology010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryDocking (molecular)Signal transductionJanus kinaseSignal TransductionJournal of Chemical Information and Modeling
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Germline JAK2 L611S mutation in a child with thrombocytosis

2018

GeneticsThrombocytosisThrombocytosisPlatelet CountInfantHematologyExonsBiologyJanus Kinase 2medicine.diseaseGermline03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMutation (genetic algorithm)MutationmedicineHumansOnline Only ArticlesGerm-Line Mutation030215 immunology
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Maintenance and Function of Human CD8+ T Cells and NK Cells in Humanized Mice

2014

Human CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK cells can be successfully engrafted in highly immuno-deficient mouse strains such as NOD/shi-SCID/γgcnull (NOG), NOD/SCID/IL2Rγnull (NSG), NOD/Rag1KO/γcnull (NRG), and BALB/c-Rag2KO/γcnull (BRG) mice following reconstitution with human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or, alternatively, upon adoptive transfer of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). These humanized immune system (HIS) mice have evolved as a promising tool to study human CD8+ T cell and NK cell-mediated immune responses to cancer and infectious diseases and to explore new approaches in adoptive immunotherapy and vaccination. However, long-term generation of CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK …

Interleukin 21Adoptive cell transfermedicine.anatomical_structureJanus kinase 3T cellImmunologyInterleukin 12medicineCytotoxic T cellIL-2 receptorBiologyAntigen-presenting cell
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