Search results for "Jejunum"

NEW INTERPRETATION OF ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE

1964

Studies on l-arginase in developing rat small intestine, brain, and kidney

1986

The influences of hydrocortisone and thyroxine on the developmental changes of arginase activity in intestine, kidney, and brain of suckling rats were studied. A single injection of hydrocortisone (50 mg/kg) into rats aged 9 days evoked premature increase of jejunal arginase activity due to precocious formation of arginase A4. Arginase A4 can be detected about 48 hr after hydrocortisone injection, whereas in intact rats the enzyme appears in the intestinal mucosa on the 19th-21st days of postnatal life. After hydrocortisone administration to rats aged 6 days, a similar pattern of arginase activity in jejunum was observed. Under the same conditions, the influence of hydrocortisone on kidney …

Effects of chronic alcohol consumption on enzyme activities and active methionine absorption in the small intestine of pregnant rats.

1996

The present study evaluates the effect of chronic alcohol intake on the intestinal transport of methionine during pregnancy. For this purpose, we have used an in vitro technique that allows measurement of the unidirectional influx of the amino acids across the brush-border membrane of the rat mid-jejunum, and the basolateral membrane enzyme Na+, K+-ATPase was also evaluated in the duodenum and jejunum. For chronic alcohol treatment, the rats were fed a liquid diet containing ethanol (36% of calories) or an isocaloric diet-(pair-fed control) for 5 weeks before and during pregnancy. Animals were killed at 21 days of gestation. Results from the kinetic analysis revealed that chronic ethanol tr…

Clinical case and short review of extreme short bowel syndrome: an update 21 years after

2016

Short bowel syndrome refers to the malabsorptive state caused by loss of significant portions of the small intestine, whose clinical framework is characterized by malnutrition, diarrhea, dehydration, weight loss, and low-weight-related symptoms/signs. These clinical conditions seem to be related to the length of resection. Twenty-one years ago we reported the clinical case of an infant, who underwent a massive resection of the loops of the small intestine, of the cecum and of part of the ascending colon, due to intestinal malrotation with volvulus. The residual small intestine measured just 11 cm and consisted of the duodenum and a small part of jejunum, in the absence of the ileocecal valv…

Histologische und histoautoradiographische Untersuchungen zur Wanddicke und zum Zellumsatz am interponierten Hundedünndarm nach totaler Gastrektomie

1979

Total gastrectomy was performed on purebred beagle dogs and a 30--40 cm jejunal segment was grafted isoperistaltically between oesophagus and duodenum. Histological and histoautoradiographical examinations were carried out and the wall-thickness and the cell-transformation rate in the interponate determined. Despite the isoperistaltic substitute-stomach a muscular wall-hypertrophy of 140% of the interponated jejunum was found. The reason for this hypertrophy is thought to be the result of adhesions and the functional mechanical demands. Histoautoradiographical examinations confirmed that the regeneration time in the substitute-stomach decreased by 70% compared with the normal jejunum. The d…

Die operative Therapie einer segmentalen, primären intestinalen Lymphangiektasie des Jejunums mit ausgeprägtem Chylaskos

2011

Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) is a protein-losing, exsudative gastroenteropathy causing lymphatic obstruction. Diagnosis depends on clinical examination and histological findings. Conservative treatment modalities include a low-fat diet and enteral nutritional therapy in order to reduce enteric protein loss and to improve fat metabolism. Other treatment options consist of administration of antiplasmin or octreotide to lower lymph flow and secretion. We report on a 58-year-old patient who underwent exploratory laparotomy due to a worsening physical status, recurrent chylaskos and leg oedema under conservative dietary therapy. Intraoperative findings showed a typical PIL of the je…