Search results for "Juvenile"
showing 10 items of 366 documents
Radiological Assessment of Pediatric Scoliosis Patients
2021
Nosaukums: Radioloģiskais izmeklējums pediatriskiem pacientiem ar skoliozi Autore: Saara Anni Susanna Suomalainen, medicīnas studente Darba vadītājs: Dr. med. Paulis Laizāns un Dr. med. Jānis Upenieks Priekšvēsture : Skolioze ir sānu novirze, kas pārsniedz 10 grādus no normāla mugurkaula, mērot pēc rentgenogrammas, un tāpēc, ka sānu līkne ir saistīta ar skriemeļu rotāciju līknes iekšienē, rodas trīsdimensiju deformācija. Idiopātiskā skolioze bērnu populācijā ir sadalīta trīs vecuma grupās - zīdaiņu, bērnu un pusaudžu. Radiogrāfiskais novērtējums ir galīgās diagnozes pīlārs. Labi uzņemtos rentgenogrammās var novērtēt segmentācijas anomāliju raksturojumu, izliekumu veidu un to elastību, kā ar…
Recreational noise pollution of traditional festivals reduces the juvenile productivity of an avian urban bioindicator.
2021
Noise is a pollutant of emergent concern for ecologists and conservation biologists. Recreational noise pollution, especially unpredictable and intermittent sounds, and its effects on wildlife and biodiversity have been poorly studied. Researchers have paid very little attention to the effect of noisy traditional festivals (fireworks and powder-guns). This study aimed to explore the effect of these recreational activities on the juvenile productivity of an urban avian bioindicator: the house sparrow. We studied five pairs of localities in the Valencia Region (E Spain) with noisy traditional festivals. Each pair was composed of one locality with festivals during the breeding season and the c…
Benefits for nurse and facilitated plants emerge when interactions are considered along the entire life-span
2019
The structure of plant communities is often influenced by facilitative interactions where ‘facilitated’ plants benefit from growing associated with ‘nurse’ plants. Facilitation has been mostly studied from the facilitated plant's perspective, and bidirectional effects between nurse and facilitated plants have received less attention. We hypothesized that reciprocal benefits in plant-plant interactions may emerge when interactions are considered along the life-span of the plants involved. Over one spring, we selected five species with similar life-form and growth strategy, and using a full factorial design, we compared different fitness components along the plants’ life-span (seedling establ…
Hypothermic Stunning in Juvenile Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Uruguayan Coastal Waters: Learning for Future Events
2017
Abstract Chelonia mydas in temperate areas exhibits behavioral changes for adapting to sea temperature fluctuations; however, prolonged exposure to cold temperatures can lead to hypothermia and thus hypothermic stunning events. Here we report an unusual stranding event of 90 green turtles recorded in a 12-d period in July 2012 in southeastern Uruguay, analyzing the event in an oceanographic and meteorological context. Monitoring such events provides a unique opportunity to understand the impact of hypothermic stunning on juvenile green turtle stocks that spend the entire year in this temperate region of the southwestern Atlantic Ocean.
A non-venomous sPLA2 of a lepidopteran insect: Its physiological functions in development and immunity
2018
Eicosanoids are oxygenated C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids that mediate various physiological processes in insects. Eicosanoid biosynthesis begins with a C20 precursor, arachidonic acid (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid: AA). AA is usually released from phospholipids at sn-2 position by catalytic activity of phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Although various PLA2s classified into 16 gene families (= Groups) are known in various biological systems, few PLA2s are known in insects. Only two PLA2s involved in intracellular calcium independent PLA2 (iPLA2) group have been identified in lepidopteran insects with well known eicosanoid physiology. This study reports the first secretory PLA2 (sPLA2) in lepido…
Life history evolution in social insects: a female perspective
2016
Social insects are known for their unusual life histories with fecund, long-lived queens and sterile, short-lived workers. We review ultimate factors underlying variation in life history strategies in female social insects, whose social life reshapes common trade-offs, such as the one between fecundity and longevity. Interspecific life history variation is associated with colony size, mediated by changes in division of labour and extrinsic mortality. In addition to the ratio of juvenile to adult mortality, social factors such as queen number influence life history trajectories. We discuss two hypotheses explaining why queen fecundity and lifespan is higher in single-queen societies and sugg…
Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects.
2021
The exceptional longevity of social insect queens despite their lifelong high fecundity remains poorly understood in ageing biology. To gain insights into the mechanisms that might underlie ageing in social insects, we compared gene expression patterns between young and old castes (both queens and workers) across different lineages of social insects (two termite, two bee and two ant species). After global analyses, we paid particular attention to genes of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signalling (IIS)/target of rapamycin (TOR)/juvenile hormone (JH) network, which is well known to regulate lifespan and the trade-off between reproduction and somatic maintenance in solitary insects…
Standardised spider (Arachnida, Araneae) inventory of Kilpisjarvi, Finland
2020
Abstract Background A spider taxonomy and ecology field course was organised in Kilpisjarvi Biological Station, northern Finland, in July 2019. During the course, four 50 × 50 m plots in mountain birch forest habitat were sampled following a standardised protocol. In addition to teaching and learning about spider identification, behaviour, ecology and sampling, the main aim of the course was to collect comparable data from the Kilpisjarvi area as part of a global project, with the purpose of uncovering global spider diversity patterns. New information A total of 2613 spiders were collected, of which 892 (34%) were adults. Due to uncertainty of juvenile identification, only adults are includ…
Synthesis of habitat restoration impacts on young-of-the-year salmonids in boreal rivers
2019
River restoration offers the potential to enhance biological integrity, often measured as fish population changes. We used a meta-analytical approach to synthesize density responses to in-stream habitat restoration by young-of-the year (YOY) brown trout and Atlantic salmon in 28 rivers (overall 32 restoration projects) in Finland. We also examined which local and watershed-scale factors most influenced restoration success. Finally, we conducted an expert survey to obtain an independent estimate of a sufficient density enhancement for restoration to be considered successful. Despite strong context-dependency, habitat restoration had an overall positive effect on YOY salmonid density. When co…
Early developmental conditions affect stress response in juvenile but not in adult house sparrows (Passer domesticus).
2009
6 pages; International audience; The short- and long-term consequences of developmental conditions on fitness have received growing attention because the environmental conditions during early life may influence growth, condition at independence, recruitment, reproductive success or survival. We tested here, in a natural house sparrow population, if early conditions during nestling stage affected the stress response of the birds (i) shortly after fledging and (ii) next year, during their first breeding. We experimentally manipulated brood size to mimic different rearing conditions, creating reduced (-2 chicks) and enlarged broods (+2 chicks), while in a third group brood size was not manipul…