Search results for "KNOWLEDGE"
showing 10 items of 3108 documents
Developing doctoral students' / researchers’ understanding of the journal peer-review process
2021
Abstract A growing body of knowledge has confirmed that the journal peer-review process is an integral part of the scientific publication process and provides demonstrable benefits to journal editors and authors. This study aims to develop doctoral students' understanding of the journal peer-review process and highlight the most common errors and pitfalls reviewers identify in novice authors’ manuscripts, which could lead to rejection. A qualitative content analysis research method was used to analyse the primary data as experience collected from senior researchers, editors and associate editors. Among the major contributions of this study is an interactive diagram that provides an overview…
Entry Assessment of Student Learning Preconditions in Higher Education: Implications for the Transition from Secondary to Tertiary Education in Germa…
2020
The acquisition of domain-specific knowledge and interdisciplinary skills such as critical thinking is increasingly gaining significance as key learning outcomes in higher education that are crucial for all professionals and engaged citizens and that enable lifelong learning. Despite this socio-political consensus, up until the last decade there have only been a few evidence-based insights into the competencies of higher education students. Therefore, the Germany-wide research program Modelling and Measuring Competencies in Higher Education (KoKoHs) was established in 2011 by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. In the 85 projects, theoretical-conceptual competence models and cor…
Communication skills in medicine: where do we come from and where are we going?
2015
The physician-patient relationship has changed throughout history, as the role of physician has been transformed. Modern physicians need to be educated on how to use highly specialized knowledge when approaching the patient as a unique and whole person living in a given psychological, social, and material context. This relationship evolved from a paternalistic model to a cooperative-deliberative one, representing a meeting between two “experts:” the physician as the medical expert and the patient as the expert on himself. According to this model, communication between patients and physicians must be based on common understanding in a caring and dynamic relationship that also involves the pa…
User experience-based information retrieval from semistar data ontologies
2019
The time necessary for the doubling of medical knowledge is rapidly decreasing. In such circumstances, it is of utmost importance for the information retrieval process to be rapid, convenient and straightforward. However, it often lacks at least one of these properties. Several obstacles prohibit domain experts extracting knowledge from their databases without involving the third party in the form of IT professionals. The main limitation is usually the complexity of querying languages and tools. This paper proposes the approach of using a keywords-containing natural language for querying the database and exploiting the system that could automatically translate such queries to already existi…
Compliance with the Surgery Safety Checklist: An Update on the Status
2021
WHO has recommended the implementation of the Surgery Safety Checklist (SSC) to reign in often simple logistic errors that lead to numerous complications, some of them being fatal, in the perioperative period. This study aims to discuss doubts presented in the medical literature concerning the effectiveness of SSC in the currently existing form. The article is based on the literature search performed in PubMed using the command phrase "Surgery Safety Checklist". The search yielded 1,476 articles up to March 2021. Out of this group, we selected 811 articles for further detailed analysis. The selection was based on the meritorious SSC-related topicality and scrutinized content of the articles…
Meta-Analysis, Ideals of Objectivity, and the Reliability of Medical Knowledge
2015
This paper focuses on the ideals of scientific objectivity as they emerge in discussions concerning meta-analyses and medical research. Stegenga (2011) has argued that meta-analyses fail to be objective because conducting them involves making judgments. I show that his reasoning is based on the so-called procedural ideal of objectivity, which can be questioned: this ideal is unattainable and does not capture some of the problematic issues of medical research. By introducing a case in research on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, I demonstrate why the so-called social view on objectivity succeeds better in accommodating 1) the way in which scientific research necessarily involves judg…
Kompetencje menedżerskie w kształtowaniu kompetencji organizacyjnych jednostek ratownictwa medycznego w świetle badań
2019
Assuming that competencies are a multi-dimensional concept, which needs to be approached in an integrated way, we distinguished the following five groups of general competencies in the model of managerial competencies applied to emergency medical teams: leadership, communication and re- lational, professional and social, sectoral, and business competencies with 26 detailed competencies identified within these five groups. The paper was motivated by the intention to examine the current level of managerial competencies of managers running these units and finding out to which extent individual managerial competencies impact organisational competencies of these entities in the area of: marketin…
Improvement in vaccination knowledge among health students following an integrated extra curricular intervention, an explorative study in the Univers…
2017
Summary Introduction. Vaccination coverages threaten to decrease because of false beliefs in their unsafety and inefficacy. Therefore formation of future health-care workers on this topic is fundamental to deal with any doubt and to promote active immunization among general population. Methods. In order to assess health-care students' knowledge about vaccination before an integrated seminar on this topic, and to evaluate their improvement after the educational intervention, an integrated educational intervention was held by a multidisciplinary team. Before and after the seminar, 118 students of medicine and biology schools at Palermo University were asked to answer 10 multiple-choice questi…
How to enhance digital support for cross-organisational health care teams? A user-based explorative study
2020
Health care service provision of individualised treatment to an ageing population prone to chronic conditions and multimorbidities is threatened. There is a need for digitally supported care, that is, (1) person-centred, (2) integrated, and (3) proactive. The research project 3P, Patients and Professionals in Productive Teams, aimed to validate and verify the prerequisites for health care systems run with patient-centred service models. This paper presents an explorative study of the digital support of a cross-organisational health care team in Norway, providing services to elderly frail people with multimorbidities in hospital discharge transition. Qualitative research methods were employe…
Predicting patient post-detoxification engagement in 12-step groups with an extended version of the theory of planned behavior
2015
Introduction Individuals with substance use disorders can receive important abstinence-specific support in 12-step groups (TSGs). However, our understanding of key factors that influence TSG participation remains limited. This study used an extended version of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to enhance the understanding of TSG affiliation. Methods Data were retrieved from a controlled trial of a 12-step facilitation intervention conducted on an inpatient detoxification ward in Norway (N = 140). Surveys at baseline included a TPB questionnaire. The behavioral target was to attend at least two TSG meetings per month in the 6-month follow-up period. Structural equation modeling was used t…